Many domains of science have developed complex simulations to describe phenomena of interest. While these simulations provide high-fidelity models, they are poorly suited for inference and lead to challenging inverse problems. We review the rapidly developing field of simulation-based inference and identify the forces giving new momentum to the field. Finally, we describe how the frontier is expanding so that a broad audience can appreciate the profound change these developments may have on science.

The feasibility of existing data stream algorithms is often hindered by the weakly supervised condition of data streams. A self-evolving deep neural network, namely Parsimonious Network (ParsNet), is proposed as a solution to various weakly-supervised data stream problems. A self-labelling strategy with hedge (SLASH) is proposed in which its auto-correction mechanism copes with \textit{the accumulation of mistakes} significantly affecting the model's generalization. ParsNet is developed from a closed-loop configuration of the self-evolving generative and discriminative training processes exploiting shared parameters in which its structure flexibly grows and shrinks to overcome the issue of concept drift with/without labels. The numerical evaluation has been performed under two challenging problems, namely sporadic access to ground truth and infinitely delayed access to the ground truth. Our numerical study shows the advantage of ParsNet with a substantial margin from its counterparts in the high-dimensional data streams and infinite delay simulation protocol. To support the reproducible research initiative, the source code of ParsNet along with supplementary materials are made available at https://bit.ly/2qNW7p4.

The goal of meta-learning is to train a model on a variety of learning tasks, such that it can adapt to new problems within only a few iterations. Here we propose a principled information-theoretic model that optimally partitions the underlying problem space such that the resulting partitions are processed by specialized expert decision-makers. To drive this specialization we impose the same kind of information processing constraints both on the partitioning and the expert decision-makers. We argue that this specialization leads to efficient adaptation to new tasks. To demonstrate the generality of our approach we evaluate on three meta-learning domains: image classification, regression, and reinforcement learning.

Recently proposed adversarial training methods show the robustness to both adversarial and original examples and achieve state-of-the-art results in supervised and semi-supervised learning. All the existing adversarial training methods consider only how the worst perturbed examples (i.e., adversarial examples) could affect the model output. Despite their success, we argue that such setting may be in lack of generalization, since the output space (or label space) is apparently less informative.In this paper, we propose a novel method, called Manifold Adversarial Training (MAT). MAT manages to build an adversarial framework based on how the worst perturbation could affect the distributional manifold rather than the output space. Particularly, a latent data space with the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) will be first derived.On one hand, MAT tries to perturb the input samples in the way that would rough the distributional manifold the worst. On the other hand, the deep learning model is trained trying to promote in the latent space the manifold smoothness, measured by the variation of Gaussian mixtures (given the local perturbation around the data point). Importantly, since the latent space is more informative than the output space, the proposed MAT can learn better a robust and compact data representation, leading to further performance improvement. The proposed MAT is important in that it can be considered as a superset of one recently-proposed discriminative feature learning approach called center loss. We conducted a series of experiments in both supervised and semi-supervised learning on three benchmark data sets, showing that the proposed MAT can achieve remarkable performance, much better than those of the state-of-the-art adversarial approaches. We also present a series of visualization which could generate further understanding or explanation on adversarial examples.

Graph convolution is the core of most Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and usually approximated by message passing between direct (one-hop) neighbors. In this work, we remove the restriction of using only the direct neighbors by introducing a powerful, yet spatially localized graph convolution: Graph diffusion convolution (GDC). GDC leverages generalized graph diffusion, examples of which are the heat kernel and personalized PageRank. It alleviates the problem of noisy and often arbitrarily defined edges in real graphs. We show that GDC is closely related to spectral-based models and thus combines the strengths of both spatial (message passing) and spectral methods. We demonstrate that replacing message passing with graph diffusion convolution consistently leads to significant performance improvements across a wide range of models on both supervised and unsupervised tasks and a variety of datasets. Furthermore, GDC is not limited to GNNs but can trivially be combined with any graph-based model or algorithm (e.g. spectral clustering) without requiring any changes to the latter or affecting its computational complexity. Our implementation is available online.

In healthcare, the highest risk individuals for morbidity and mortality are rarely those with the greatest modifiable risk. By contrast, many machine learning formulations implicitly attend to the highest risk individuals. We focus on this problem in point processes, a popular modeling technique for the analysis of the temporal event sequences in electronic health records (EHR) data with applications in risk stratification and risk score systems. We show that optimization of the log-likelihood function also gives disproportionate attention to high risk individuals and leads to poor prediction results for low risk individuals compared to ones at high risk. We characterize the problem and propose an adjusted log-likelihood formulation as a new objective for point processes. We demonstrate the benefits of our method in simulations and in EHR data of patients admitted to the critical care unit for intracerebral hemorrhage.

Before getting into the details of deep learning for manufacturing, it's good to step back and view a brief history. Concepts, original thinking, and physical inventions have been shaping the world economy and manufacturing industry since the beginning of the modern era, i.e. early 18th century. Ideas of economies-of-scale by the likes of Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill, the first industrial revolution and steam-powered machines, electrification of factories and the second industrial revolution, and the introduction of the assembly line method by Henry Ford are just some of the prime examples of how the search for high efficiency and enhanced productivity have always been at the heart of manufacturing. However, almost all of these inventions centered around extracting the maximum efficiency from men and machines by carefully manipulating the laws of mechanics and thermodynamics. For the past few decades, however, the greatest new gains in manufacturing have come from adding the concept of information or data into the existing mix.

Learn how to code in Python, a popular coding language used for websites like YouTube and Instagram. Master the basics: become an expert in Python and Java while learning core machine learning concepts Learn TensorFlow and how to build models of linear regression Machine learning goes mobile: learn how to incorporate machine learning models into Android apps Make an app with Python that uses data to predict the stock market. Learn how to code in Python, a popular coding language used for websites like YouTube and Instagram. Make an app with Python that uses data to predict the stock market. Go through 3 ultimate levels of artificial intelligence for beginners Learn artificial intelligence, machine learning, and mobile dev with Java, Android, TensorFlow Estimator, PyCharm, and MNIST.

Basics of Machine Learning and its types Deep Learning and Neural Networks Learn about Tensorflow Lite Generate Tensorflow lite model from Keras model Generate Tensorflow lite model using saved model Generate Tensorflow lite model using concrete function Train and deploy classification and regression models Use datasets available in different formats for model training Learn Python Programming language Learn popular Machine Learning libraries like Numpy,Pandas and Matplotlib Learn Tensorflow 2.0 This course is designed for Android developers who want to learn Machine Learning and deploy machine learning models in their android apps using TensorFlow Lite. This course will get you started in building your FIRST deep learning model and android application using deep learning. We will learn about machine learning and deep learning and then train our first model and deploy it in android application using tenserflow lite . All the materials for this course are FREE. We will start by learning about basics of Python programming language.

This post is a continuation of my previous post Extreme Rare Event Classification using Autoencoders. In the previous post, we talked about the challenges in an extremely rare event data with less than 1% positively labeled data. We built an Autoencoder Classifier for such processes using the concepts of Anomaly Detection. However, the data we have is a time series. But earlier we used a Dense layer Autoencoder that does not use the temporal features in the data.