Link: Cutting-Edge AI: Deep Reinforcement Learning in Python udemy code coupon What you'll learn. Understand a cutting-edge implementation of the A2C algorithm (OpenAI Baselines) Understand and implement Evolution Strategies (ES) for AI. Understand and implement DDPG (Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient) Highest Rated by Lazy Programmer Inc. What you'll learn Understand a cutting-edge implementation of the A2C algorithm (OpenAI Baselines) Understand and implement Evolution Strategies (ES) for AI Understand and implement DDPG (Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient) Description Welcome to Cutting-Edge AI! This is technically Deep Learning in Python part 11 of my deep learning series, and my 3rd reinforcement learning course.

Learning the cost function for optimal transport from observed transport plan or its samples has been cast as a bi-level optimization problem. In this paper, we derive an unconstrained convex optimization formulation for the problem which can be further augmented by any customizable regularization. This novel framework avoids repeatedly solving a forward optimal transport problem in each iteration which has been a thorny computational bottleneck for the bi-level optimization approach. To validate the effectiveness of this framework, we develop two numerical algorithms, one is a fast matrix scaling method based on the Sinkhorn-Knopp algorithm for the discrete case, and the other is a supervised learning algorithm that realizes the cost function as a deep neural network in the continuous case. Numerical results demonstrate promising efficiency and accuracy advantages of the proposed algorithms over existing state of the art methods.

A new variational mode decomposition (VMD) based deep learning approach is proposed in this paper for time series forecasting problem. Firstly, VMD is adopted to decompose the original time series into several sub-signals. Then, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is applied to learn the reconstruction patterns on the decomposed sub-signals to obtain several reconstructed sub-signals. Finally, a long short term memory (LSTM) network is employed to forecast the time series with the decomposed sub-signals and the reconstructed sub-signals as inputs. The proposed VMD-CNN-LSTM approach is originated from the decomposition-reconstruction-ensemble framework, and innovated by embedding the reconstruction, single forecasting, and ensemble steps in a unified deep learning approach. To verify the forecasting performance of the proposed approach, four typical time series datasets are introduced for empirical analysis. The empirical results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms consistently the benchmark approaches in terms of forecasting accuracy, and also indicate that the reconstructed sub-signals obtained by CNN is of importance for further improving the forecasting performance.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved remarkable breakthroughs in a wide range of fields, ranging from speech processing, image classification to drug discovery. This is driven by the explosive growth of data, advances in machine learning (especially deep learning), and easy access to vastly powerful computing resources. Particularly, the wide scale deployment of edge devices (e.g., IoT devices) generates an unprecedented scale of data, which provides the opportunity to derive accurate models and develop various intelligent applications at the network edge. However, such enormous data cannot all be sent from end devices to the cloud for processing, due to the varying channel quality, traffic congestion and/or privacy concerns. By pushing inference and training processes of AI models to edge nodes, edge AI has emerged as a promising alternative. AI at the edge requires close cooperation among edge devices, such as smart phones and smart vehicles, and edge servers at the wireless access points and base stations, which however result in heavy communication overheads. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the recent developments in various techniques for overcoming these communication challenges. Specifically, we first identify key communication challenges in edge AI systems. We then introduce communication-efficient techniques, from both algorithmic and system perspectives for training and inference tasks at the network edge. Potential future research directions are also highlighted.

In the future 6th generation networks, ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) will lay the foundation for emerging mission-critical applications that have stringent requirements on end-to-end delay and reliability. Existing works on URLLC are mainly based on theoretical models and assumptions. The model-based solutions provide useful insights, but cannot be directly implemented in practice. In this article, we first summarize how to apply data-driven supervised deep learning and deep reinforcement learning in URLLC, and discuss some open problems of these methods. To address these open problems, we develop a multi-level architecture that enables device intelligence, edge intelligence, and cloud intelligence for URLLC. The basic idea is to merge theoretical models and real-world data in analyzing the latency and reliability and training deep neural networks (DNNs). Deep transfer learning is adopted in the architecture to fine-tune the pre-trained DNNs in non-stationary networks. Further considering that the computing capacity at each user and each mobile edge computing server is limited, federated learning is applied to improve the learning efficiency. Finally, we provide some experimental and simulation results and discuss some future directions.

Neural networks with at least two hidden layers are called deep networks. Recent developments in AI and computer programming in general has led to development of tools such as Tensorflow, Keras, NumPy etc. making it easier to model and draw conclusions from data. In this work we re-approach non-linear regression with deep learning enabled by Keras and Tensorflow. In particular, we use deep learning to parametrize a non-linear multivariate relationship between inputs and outputs of an industrial sensor with an intent to optimize the sensor performance based on selected key metrics.

The success of neural networks in image classification has inspired various hardware implementations on embedded platforms such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays, embedded processors and Graphical Processing Units. These embedded platforms are constrained in terms of power, which is mainly consumed by the Multiply Accumulate operations and the memory accesses for weight fetching. Quantization and pruning have been proposed to address this issue. Though effective, these techniques do not take into account the underlying architecture of the embedded hardware. In this work, we propose PoET-BiN, a Look-Up Table based power efficient implementation on resource constrained embedded devices. A modified Decision Tree approach forms the backbone of the proposed implementation in the binary domain. A LUT access consumes far less power than the equivalent Multiply Accumulate operation it replaces, and the modified Decision Tree algorithm eliminates the need for memory accesses. We applied the PoET-BiN architecture to implement the classification layers of networks trained on MNIST, SVHN and CIFAR-10 datasets, with near state-of-the art results. The energy reduction for the classifier portion reaches up to six orders of magnitude compared to a floating point implementations and up to three orders of magnitude when compared to recent binary quantized neural networks.

Despite its success, continuous-time models, such as neural ordinary differential equation (ODE), usually rely on a completely deterministic feed-forward operation. This work provides an empirical study of stochastically regularized neural ODE on several image-classification tasks (CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, TinyImageNet). Building upon the formalism of stochastic differential equations (SDEs), we demonstrate that neural SDE is able to outperform its deterministic counterpart. Further, we show that data augmentation during the training improves the performance of both deterministic and stochastic versions of the same model. However, the improvements obtained by the data augmentation completely eliminate the empirical gains of the stochastic regularization, making the difference in the performance of neural ODE and neural SDE negligible.

We study regularized deep neural networks and introduce an analytic framework to characterize the structure of the hidden layers. We show that a set of optimal hidden layer weight matrices for a norm regularized deep neural network training problem can be explicitly found as the extreme points of a convex set. For two-layer linear networks, we first formulate a convex dual program and prove that strong duality holds. We then extend our derivations to prove that strong duality also holds for certain deep networks. In particular, for linear deep networks, we show that each optimal layer weight matrix is rank-one and aligns with the previous layers when the network output is scalar. We also extend our analysis to the vector outputs and other convex loss functions. More importantly, we show that the same characterization can also be applied to deep ReLU networks with rank-one inputs, where we prove that strong duality still holds and optimal layer weight matrices are rank-one for scalar output networks. As a corollary, we prove that norm regularized deep ReLU networks yield spline interpolation for one-dimensional datasets which was previously known only for two-layer networks. We then verify our theoretical results via several numerical experiments.

Recent studies have shown that deep learning models are vulnerable to specifically crafted adversarial inputs that are quasi-imperceptible to humans. In this letter, we propose a novel method to detect adversarial inputs, by augmenting the main classification network with multiple binary detectors (observer networks) which take inputs from the hidden layers of the original network (convolutional kernel outputs) and classify the input as clean or adversarial. During inference, the detectors are treated as a part of an ensemble network and the input is deemed adversarial if at least half of the detectors classify it as so. The proposed method addresses the trade-off between accuracy of classification on clean and adversarial samples, as the original classification network is not modified during the detection process. The use of multiple observer networks makes attacking the detection mechanism non-trivial even when the attacker is aware of the victim classifier. We achieve a 99.5% detection accuracy on the MNIST dataset and 97.5% on the CIFAR-10 dataset using the Fast Gradient Sign Attack in a semi-white box setup. The number of false positive detections is a mere 0.12% in the worst case scenario.