In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to fine-grained cross-view geo-localization.

Deep learning has become extraordinarily successful in a wide variety of settings through the availability of large datasets [Krizhevsky et al., 2012, Devlin et al., 2018, Brown et al., 2020, Dosovitskiyetal.,2020].

Fortunately, researchers in operations research (OR) have developed ways to tackle these NP-hard problems in practice, mixed integer programming (MIP) and meta-heuristics being two of the most general and popular approaches.