A Bayesian network, Bayes network, belief network, Bayes(ian) model or probabilistic directed acyclic graphical model is a probabilistic graphical model (a type of statistical model) that represents a set of variables and their conditional dependencies via a directed acyclic graph (DAG). (Wikipedia)
Potential-based reward shaping incorporates prior domain knowledge in the form of additional rewards provided during training to speed up convergence of reinforcement learning algorithms, without changing the optimal policies (Ng et al. [1999]).