Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making a significant impact in multiple areas like medical, military, industrial, domestic, law, arts as AI is capable to perform several roles such as managing smart factories, driving autonomous vehicles, creating accurate weather forecasts, detecting cancer and personal assistants, etc. Software testing is the process of putting the software to test for some abnormal behaviour of the software. Software testing is a tedious, laborious and most time-consuming process. Automation tools have been developed that help to automate some activities of the testing process to enhance quality and timely delivery. Over time with the inclusion of continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline, automation tools are becoming less effective. The testing community is turning to AI to fill the gap as AI is able to check the code for bugs and errors without any human intervention and in a much faster way than humans. In this study, we aim to recognize the impact of AI technologies on various software testing activities or facets in the STLC. Further, the study aims to recognize and explain some of the biggest challenges software testers face while applying AI to testing. The paper also proposes some key contributions of AI in the future to the domain of software testing.

Hyperparameter plays an essential role in the fitting of supervised machine learning algorithms. However, it is computationally expensive to tune all the tunable hyperparameters simultaneously especially for large data sets. In this paper, we give a definition of hyperparameter importance that can be estimated by subsampling procedures. According to the importance, hyperparameters can then be tuned on the entire data set more efficiently. We show theoretically that the proposed importance on subsets of data is consistent with the one on the population data under weak conditions. Numerical experiments show that the proposed importance is consistent and can save a lot of computational resources.

Outcomes of data-driven AI models cannot be assumed to be always correct. To estimate the uncertainty in these outcomes, the uncertainty wrapper framework has been proposed, which considers uncertainties related to model fit, input quality, and scope compliance. Uncertainty wrappers use a decision tree approach to cluster input quality related uncertainties, assigning inputs strictly to distinct uncertainty clusters. Hence, a slight variation in only one feature may lead to a cluster assignment with a significantly different uncertainty. Our objective is to replace this with an approach that mitigates hard decision boundaries of these assignments while preserving interpretability, runtime complexity, and prediction performance. Five approaches were selected as candidates and integrated into the uncertainty wrapper framework. For the evaluation based on the Brier score, datasets for a pedestrian detection use case were generated using the CARLA simulator and YOLOv3. All integrated approaches achieved a softening, i.e., smoothing, of uncertainty estimation. Yet, compared to decision trees, they are not so easy to interpret and have higher runtime complexity. Moreover, some components of the Brier score impaired while others improved. Most promising regarding the Brier score were random forests. In conclusion, softening hard decision tree boundaries appears to be a trade-off decision.

A new approach called ABRF (the attention-based random forest) and its modifications for applying the attention mechanism to the random forest (RF) for regression and classification are proposed. The main idea behind the proposed ABRF models is to assign attention weights with trainable parameters to decision trees in a specific way. The weights depend on the distance between an instance, which falls into a corresponding leaf of a tree, and instances, which fall in the same leaf. This idea stems from representation of the Nadaraya-Watson kernel regression in the form of a RF. Three modifications of the general approach are proposed. The first one is based on applying the Huber's contamination model and on computing the attention weights by solving quadratic or linear optimization problems. The second and the third modifications use the gradient-based algorithms for computing trainable parameters. Numerical experiments with various regression and classification datasets illustrate the proposed method.

I've always believed that to truly learn data science you need to practice data science and I wanted to do this project to practice working with imbalanced classes in classification problems. This was also a perfect opportunity to start working with mlflow to help track my machine learning experiments: it allows me to track the different models I have used, the parameters I've trained with, and the metrics I've recorded. This project was aimed at predicting customer churn using the telecommunications data found on Kaggle [1] (which is a publicly available synthetic dataset). That is, we want to be able to predict if a given customer is going the leave the telecom provider based on the information we have on that customer. Now, why is this useful? Well, if we can predict which customers we think are going to leave before they leave then we can try to do something about it! For example, we could target them with specific offers, and maybe we could even use the model to provide us insight into what to offer them because we will know, or at least have an idea, as to why they are leaving.

The new year has begun, and it is the time for good resolutions. One of them could be to make decision-making processes more interpretable. To help you do this, I present four interpretable rule-based algorithms. These four algorithms share the use of ensemble of decision trees as rule generator (like Random Forest, AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting, etc.). In other words, each of these interpretable algorithms starts its process by fitting a black box model and generating an interpretable rule ensemble model.

The figure above demonstrates the unbalancing in the data between phishing and not phishing classes extracted from the dataset. The table above demonstrates scores of the most important metrics in classification. We can notice that The Random Forest got the highest score. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve aka ROC curve is a common method for evaluating the equality of a binary classifier, it compares the presence of true positives and false-positive at every probability threshold. According to the above figure, Random Forest and decision tree predicted the most observations correctly compared with the other classifiers.

An ML model that classifies yoga pose into 4 most famous asanas namely downward dog, plank pose, tree pose, goddess pose, and warrior-2 pose using Mediapipe Blazepose for feature extraction. Images are first resized to reduce computation. Gamma correction is a non-linear adjustment to individual pixel values. In image normalization, linear operations are carried out on individual pixels, gamma correction carries out a non-linear operation on the source image pixels, and can cause saturation of the image being altered. Train and test machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, SVC, Decision Tree, KNN, Adaboost, RFC) using the dataframe (csv) generated to find which model best fits.

Nowadays Machine Learning (ML) techniques are extensively adopted in many socially sensitive systems, thus requiring to carefully study the fairness of the decisions taken by such systems. Many approaches have been proposed to address and to make sure there is no bias against individuals or specific groups which might originally come from biased training datasets or algorithm design. In this regard, we propose a fairness enforcing approach called EiFFFeL:Enforcing Fairness in Forests by Flipping Leaves which exploits tree-based or leaf-based post-processing strategies to relabel leaves of selected decision trees of a given forest. Experimental results show that our approach achieves a user defined group fairness degree without losing a significant amount of accuracy.

Learn how to solve real life problem using the Machine learning techniques Machine Learning models such as Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, KNN etc. Advanced Machine Learning models such as Decision trees, XGBoost, Random Forest, SVM etc. Understanding of basics of statistics and concepts of Machine Learning How to do basic statistical operations and run ML models in Python Indepth knowledge of data collection and data preprocessing for Machine Learning problem How to convert business problem into a Machine learning problem Can I get a certificate after completing the course? Are there any other coupons available for this course? Note: 100% OFF Udemy coupon codes are valid for maximum 3 days only. Look for "ENROLL NOW" button at the end of the post. Disclosure: This post may contain affiliate links and we may get small commission if you make a purchase.