Graphs and networks are a standard model for describing data or systems based on pairwise interactions. Oftentimes, the underlying relationships involve more than two entities at a time, and hypergraphs are a more faithful model. However, we have fewer rigorous methods that can provide insight from such representations. Here, we develop a computational framework for the problem of clustering hypergraphs with categorical edge labels --- or different interaction types --- where clusters corresponds to groups of nodes that frequently participate in the same type of interaction. Our methodology is based on a combinatorial objective function that is related to correlation clustering but enables the design of much more efficient algorithms. When there are only two label types, our objective can be optimized in polynomial time, using an algorithm based on minimum cuts. Minimizing our objective becomes NP-hard with more than two label types, but we develop fast approximation algorithms based on linear programming relaxations that have theoretical cluster quality guarantees. We demonstrate the efficacy of our algorithms and the scope of the model through problems in edge-label community detection, clustering with temporal data, and exploratory data analysis.

In the last years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has achieved a notable momentum that may deliver the best of expectations over many application sectors across the field. For this to occur, the entire community stands in front of the barrier of explainability, an inherent problem of AI techniques brought by sub-symbolism (e.g. ensembles or Deep Neural Networks) that were not present in the last hype of AI. Paradigms underlying this problem fall within the so-called eXplainable AI (XAI) field, which is acknowledged as a crucial feature for the practical deployment of AI models. This overview examines the existing literature in the field of XAI, including a prospect toward what is yet to be reached. We summarize previous efforts to define explainability in Machine Learning, establishing a novel definition that covers prior conceptual propositions with a major focus on the audience for which explainability is sought. We then propose and discuss about a taxonomy of recent contributions related to the explainability of different Machine Learning models, including those aimed at Deep Learning methods for which a second taxonomy is built. This literature analysis serves as the background for a series of challenges faced by XAI, such as the crossroads between data fusion and explainability. Our prospects lead toward the concept of Responsible Artificial Intelligence, namely, a methodology for the large-scale implementation of AI methods in real organizations with fairness, model explainability and accountability at its core. Our ultimate goal is to provide newcomers to XAI with a reference material in order to stimulate future research advances, but also to encourage experts and professionals from other disciplines to embrace the benefits of AI in their activity sectors, without any prior bias for its lack of interpretability.

Researchers successfully sneaked malicious apps behind the defenses of two major smart speaker companies in a test on their security practices. Experts at Security Research Labs say the apps were design to target personal data like voice-recordings and passwords of both Google Home and Amazon Echo users by posing as software that reads horoscopes through voice-commands. The apps were only removed once researchers made the company aware of their test. All eight of the apps designed by the researchers were able to bypass Amazon and Google defenses and were approved by the companies' moderation teams - a lapse that experts say invites even greater scrutiny on smart devices' privacy and safety standards. 'As the functionality of smart speakers grows so too does the attack surface for hackers to exploit them,' write the researchers in their report.

Our research aims to develop interactive, social agents that can coach people to learn new tasks, skills, and habits. In this paper, we focus on coaching sedentary, overweight individuals (i.e., trainees) to exercise regularly. We employ adaptive goal setting in which the intelligent health coach generates, tracks, and revises personalized exercise goals for a trainee. The goals become incrementally more difficult as the trainee progresses through the training program. Our approach is model-based - the coach maintains a parameterized model of the trainee's aerobic capability that drives its expectation of the trainee's performance. The model is continually revised based on trainee-coach interactions. The coach is embodied in a smartphone application, NutriWalking, which serves as a medium for coach-trainee interaction. We adopt a task-centric evaluation approach for studying the utility of the proposed algorithm in promoting regular aerobic exercise. We show that our approach can adapt the trainee program not only to several trainees with different capabilities, but also to how a trainee's capability improves as they begin to exercise more. Experts rate the goals selected by the coach better than other plausible goals, demonstrating that our approach is consistent with clinical recommendations. Further, in a 6-week observational study with sedentary participants, we show that the proposed approach helps increase exercise volume performed each week.

A registered model is a logical container for one or more files that make up your model. For example, if you have a model that is stored in multiple files, you can register them as a single model in your Azure Machine Learning workspace. After registration, you can then download or deploy the registered model and receive all the files that were registered.

This paper attempts to answer a central question in unsupervised learning: what does it mean to "make sense" of a sensory sequence? In our formalization, making sense involves constructing a symbolic causal theory that explains the sensory sequence and satisfies a set of unity conditions. This model was inspired by Kant's discussion of the synthetic unity of apperception in the Critique of Pure Reason. On our account, making sense of sensory input is a type of program synthesis, but it is unsupervised program synthesis. Our second contribution is a computer implementation, the Apperception Engine, that was designed to satisfy the above requirements. Our system is able to produce interpretable human-readable causal theories from very small amounts of data, because of the strong inductive bias provided by the Kantian unity constraints. A causal theory produced by our system is able to predict future sensor readings, as well as retrodict earlier readings, and "impute" (fill in the blanks of) missing sensory readings, in any combination. We tested the engine in a diverse variety of domains, including cellular automata, rhythms and simple nursery tunes, multi-modal binding problems, occlusion tasks, and sequence induction IQ tests. In each domain, we test our engine's ability to predict future sensor values, retrodict earlier sensor values, and impute missing sensory data. The Apperception Engine performs well in all these domains, significantly out-performing neural net baselines. We note in particular that in the sequence induction IQ tasks, our system achieved human-level performance. This is notable because our system is not a bespoke system designed specifically to solve IQ tasks, but a general purpose apperception system that was designed to make sense of any sensory sequence.

This article presents the emerging topic of dynamic search (DS). To position dynamic search in a larger research landscape, the article discusses in detail its relationship to related research topics and disciplines. The article reviews approaches to modeling dynamics during information seeking, with an emphasis on Reinforcement Learning (RL)-enabled methods. Details are given for how different approaches are used to model interactions among the human user, the search system, and the environment. The paper ends with a review of evaluations of dynamic search systems.

Recently, Neural Architecture Search is coming back to the research spotlight. For example, there is Weight Agnostic Neural Network (WANN) https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04358 that demonstrates that Neural Architectures can be more significant than the weights of the network. Are researchers just making up new Neural Architecture Search methods for publication, or is there really a big difference? Are there any work that focused on a detailed comparison for Neural Architecture Search.

SHENZHEN, China & LONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--RoboSense, the leading supplier of LiDAR perception system solutions, and Aidrivers, the UK's leading provider of autonomous mobility solutions for industrial applications announced today a partnership in system integration. Aidrivers will integrate RoboSense Smart LiDAR Sensor System into their own Autonomous Driving Systems. Aidrivers is delivering a fully autonomous natural navigation system that meets industrial safety standards to seaports, particularly for horizontal transportation, aimed for improving operation efficiency and leading the way in industrial autonomous mobility automation. Their solution can work under all harsh weather conditions by achieving true 3D mapping and localization for precision positioning and situation cognisance and they are using RoboSense 3D LiDAR sensor technology, which collects stable and reliable environment information at near and far distance and under different weather conditions. "The performance of RoboSense 3D LiDAR products in harsh weather condition is impressive. We have been testing trailer vehicles under heavy rain and harsh weather conditions and our precision positioning system based on true 3D mapping and localization systems provides accurate localization result. The point cloud data quality in rainy days is excellent and outperforming state of the art."

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