Within the academic and professional auditing communities, there has been growing concern about how to accurately assess the various risks associated with performing an audit. These risks are difficult to conceptualize in terms of numeric estimates. This article discusses the development of a prototype computational model (computer program) that assesses one of the major audit risks -- inherent risk. This program bases most of its inferencing activities on a qualitative model of a typical business enterprise.

The PROSENET/TEXTNET approach is designed to facilitate the generation of polished prose by an expert system. The approach uses the augmented transition network (ATN) formalism to help structure prose generation at the phrase, sentence, and paragraph levels. The approach also uses expressive frames to help give the expert system builder considerable freedom to organize material flexibly at the paragraph level. The PROSENET /TEXTNET approach has been used in a number of prototype expert systems in medical domains, and has proved to be a convenient and powerful tool.

The goal of intelligent computer-aided engineering (ICAE) is to construct computer programs that capture a significant fraction of an engineer's knowledge. Today, ICAE systems are a goal, not a reality. This article attempts to refine that goal and suggest how to get there. We begin by examining several scenarios of what ICAE systems could be like. Next we describe why ICAE won't evolve directly from current applications of expert system technology to engineering problems. I focus on qualitative physics as a critical area where progress is needed, both in terms of representations and styles of reasoning.

New Hitech Computer Chess Success

Carnegie-Mellon University's Hitech chess computer scored 5-1 in the National Open Chess Championships held in Chicago March 18-20. The Championship Section in which Hitech competed, had 380 entries. Carnegie-Mellon University's Hitech chess computer scored 5-1 in the National Open Chess Championships held in Chicago March 18-20. The Championship Section in which Hitech competed, had 380 entries.

A numeric representation of uncertain and incomplete sensor knowledge called certainty grids was used successfully in several recent mobile robot control programs developed at the Carnegie-Mellon University Mobile Robot Laboratory (MRL). The certainty grid representation will allow this map to be incrementally updated in a uniform way based on information coming from various sources, including sonar, stereo vision, proximity, and contact sensors. The map will be used by planning programs to choose clear paths, identify locations (by correlating maps), identify well-known and insufficiently sensed terrain, and perhaps identify objects by shape. The certainty grid representation can be extended in the time dimension and used to detect and track moving objects.

This is Part 2 of a two-part article and discusses issues of tort liability and the use of computers in the courtroom. Part 1 of this article, which appeared in the Spring 1988 issue of AI Magazine, discussed steps that developers of AI systems can take to protect their efforts, and the attendant legal ambiguities that must eventually be addressed in order to clarify the scope of such protection. Part 2 explores the prospect of AI systems as subjects of litigation.

This is Part 2 of a two-part article and discusses issues of tort liability and the use of computers in the courtroom. [The legal dimensions of topics covered in this part are given comprehensive attention by the author in Tort Adjudication and the Emergence of Artificial Intelligence Software, 21 Suffolk University Law Review 623 (1987)]. Part 1 of this article, which appeared in the Spring 1988 issue of AI Magazine, discussed steps that developers of AI systems can take to protect their efforts, and the attendant legal ambiguities that must eventually be addressed in order to clarify the scope of such protection. Part 2 explores the prospect of AI systems as subjects of litigation.

It was felt that the AIM Szolovits responding, and "Uncertainty approaches, augmenting explanations

There was a six-way tie were losses to International Master's, for first with 5.5 points between: and there were two draws against International Grandmaster Mikhail players rated over 2500, (one an International Tal (a former world champion), International Master). Grandmaster Sergey Kudrin, From previous tournaments rated FIDE Master Michael Brooks, International by FIDE, the international chess federation, Master James Rizzitano, International Hitech has achieved a performance Master Calvin Blocker, and worthy of a FIDE rating. However, International Grandmaster Leonid at present FIDE is declining to Shamkovich. Hitech has met every points were: National Master Hitech, qualification but one for achieving a International Grandmaster Maxim rating--it is not a human. If Hitech Dlugy, International Grandmaster were eligible for a rating, its FIDE rating Walter Browne, International Grandmaster would be 2350, which would qualify Arthur Bisguier, and nine others.