For this, we utilize an implementationbyCroceandHein[2021],togetherwithlinearscaling(=10)ofthegradientinorder to balance the relative scale to random noise.

Model selection in Gaussian processes scales prohibitively with the size of the training dataset, both in time and memory. While many approximations exist, all incur inevitable approximation error. Recent work accounts for this error in the form of computational uncertainty, which enables--at the cost of quadratic complexity--an explicit tradeoff between computational efficiency and precision. Here we extend this development to model selection, which requires significant enhancements to the existing approach, including linear-time scaling in the size of the dataset. We propose a novel training loss for hyperparameter optimization and demonstrate empirically that the resulting method can outperform SGPR, CGGP and SVGP, state-of-the-art methods for GP model selection, on medium to large-scale datasets. Our experiments show that model selection for computation-aware GPs trained on 1.8 million data points can be done within a few hours on a single GPU. As a result of this work, Gaussian processes can be trained on large-scale datasets without significantly compromising their ability to quantify uncertainty-- a fundamental prerequisite for optimal decision-making.

The diversity and dynamism of the real world require reinforcement learning (RL) agents that can quickly adapt and learn new behaviors when placed in novel situations.

Vision-and-Language Navigation requires the agent to follow language instructions to navigate through 3D environments.

The class distribution of smaller datasets match the class distribution of the complete dataset. Weperformed apreliminary ablation analysis with oneofthedataset, NIH-Chest Xray dataset, to understand towhich blocks ofResNet-50 should we apply the intermediate loss. Theclassdistribution of smaller datasets match the class distribution of the complete dataset. Theclassdistribution of smaller datasets match the class distribution of the complete dataset. The preliminary ablation study gave the evidence that applying intermediate loss to all blocks yielded superior results.