The hyperparameters for training are detailed in Table 7. We perform the human evaluation on two of the four in-depth knowledge quality assessment metrics. V alidity ( "): whether the generated visual knowledge is valid to humans . Conformity ( "): whether the generated knowledge faithfully depicts the scenarios in the images . Our calculated average pairwise Cohen's Suppose you are looking at an image that contains the following subject and object entities: Subject list: [Insert the subject names here] Object list: [Insert the object names here] Please extract 5-10 condensed descriptions that describe the interactions and/or relations among those entities in the image.

This study provides a normative theory for how Bayesian causal inference can be implemented in neural circuits. In both cognitive processes such as causal reasoning and perceptual inference such ascue integration, the nervous systems need to choose different models representing the underlying causal structures when making inferences on external stimuli.

Without a centralized controller, each agent is responsible to collaborate with others on its own decision.