This paper proposes a model-driven deep learning (MDDL)-based channel estimation and feedback scheme for wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive hybrid multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, where the angle-delay domain channels' sparsity is exploited for reducing the overhead. Firstly, we consider the uplink channel estimation for time-division duplexing systems. To reduce the uplink pilot overhead for estimating the high-dimensional channels from a limited number of radio frequency (RF) chains at the base station (BS), we propose to jointly train the phase shift network and the channel estimator as an auto-encoder. Particularly, by exploiting the channels' structured sparsity from an a priori model and learning the integrated trainable parameters from the data samples, the proposed multiple-measurement-vectors learned approximate message passing (MMV-LAMP) network with the devised redundant dictionary can jointly recover multiple subcarriers' channels with significantly enhanced performance. Moreover, we consider the downlink channel estimation and feedback for frequency-division duplexing systems. Similarly, the pilots at the BS and channel estimator at the users can be jointly trained as an encoder and a decoder, respectively. Besides, to further reduce the channel feedback overhead, only the received pilots on part of the subcarriers are fed back to the BS, which can exploit the MMV-LAMP network to reconstruct the spatial-frequency channel matrix. Numerical results show that the proposed MDDL-based channel estimation and feedback scheme outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches.

Adaptive Bit Rate (ABR) decision plays a crucial role for ensuring satisfactory Quality of Experience (QoE) in video streaming applications, in which past network statistics are mainly leveraged for future network bandwidth prediction. However, most algorithms, either rules-based or learning-driven approaches, feed throughput traces or classified traces based on traditional statistics (i.e., mean/standard deviation) to drive ABR decision, leading to compromised performances in specific scenarios. Given the diverse network connections (e.g., WiFi, cellular and wired link) from time to time, this paper thus proposes to learn the ANT (a.k.a., Accurate Network Throughput) model to characterize the full spectrum of network throughput dynamics in the past for deriving the proper network condition associated with a specific cluster of network throughput segments (NTS). Each cluster of NTS is then used to generate a dedicated ABR model, by which we wish to better capture the network dynamics for diverse connections. We have integrated the ANT model with existing reinforcement learning (RL)-based ABR decision engine, where different ABR models are applied to respond to the accurate network sensing for better rate decision. Extensive experiment results show that our approach can significantly improve the user QoE by 65.5% and 31.3% respectively, compared with the state-of-the-art Pensive and Oboe, across a wide range of network scenarios.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed a substantial breakthrough in a variety of Internet of Things (IoT) applications and services, spanning from recommendation systems to robotics control and military surveillance. This is driven by the easier access to sensory data and the enormous scale of pervasive/ubiquitous devices that generate zettabytes (ZB) of real-time data streams. Designing accurate models using such data streams, to predict future insights and revolutionize the decision-taking process, inaugurates pervasive systems as a worthy paradigm for a better quality-of-life. The confluence of pervasive computing and artificial intelligence, Pervasive AI, expanded the role of ubiquitous IoT systems from mainly data collection to executing distributed computations with a promising alternative to centralized learning, presenting various challenges. In this context, a wise cooperation and resource scheduling should be envisaged among IoT devices (e.g., smartphones, smart vehicles) and infrastructure (e.g. edge nodes, and base stations) to avoid communication and computation overheads and ensure maximum performance. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive survey of the recent techniques developed to overcome these resource challenges in pervasive AI systems. Specifically, we first present an overview of the pervasive computing, its architecture, and its intersection with artificial intelligence. We then review the background, applications and performance metrics of AI, particularly Deep Learning (DL) and online learning, running in a ubiquitous system. Next, we provide a deep literature review of communication-efficient techniques, from both algorithmic and system perspectives, of distributed inference, training and online learning tasks across the combination of IoT devices, edge devices and cloud servers. Finally, we discuss our future vision and research challenges.

The term Delay/Disruption-Tolerant Networks (DTN) invented to describe and cover all types of long-delay, disconnected, intermittently connected networks, where mobility and outages or scheduled contacts may be experienced. This environment is characterized by frequent network partitioning, intermittent connectivity, large or variable delay, asymmetric data rate, and low transmission reliability. There have been routing protocols developed in DTN. However, those routing algorithms are design based upon specific assumptions. The assumption makes existing algorithms suitable for specific environment scenarios. Different routing algorithm uses different relay node selection criteria to select the replication node. Too Frequently forwarding messages can result in excessive packet loss and large buffer and network overhead. On the other hand, less frequent transmission leads to a lower delivery ratio. In DTN there is a trade-off off between delivery ratio and overhead. In this study, we proposed context-adaptive reinforcement learning based routing(CARL-DTN) protocol to determine optimal replicas of the message based on the real-time density. Our routing protocol jointly uses a real-time physical context, social-tie strength, and real-time message context using fuzzy logic in the routing decision. Multi-hop forwarding probability is also considered for the relay node selection by employing Q-Learning algorithm to estimate the encounter probability between nodes and to learn about nodes available in the neighbor by discounting reward. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated based on various simulation scenarios. The result shows that the proposed protocol has better performance in terms of message delivery ratio and overhead.

Coming off its best quarter ever, SoftBank is on the hunt for its next billion dollar IPO. Having funded 29 of the 657 unicorns in the world, according to CB Insights, the Japanese telecom giant has been on a shopping spree, looking for promising new AI startups to bet big on. At Collision's tech conference held online last month, I had a chance to talk with the CEOs of SoftBank's newest portfolio companies, Standard Cognition and Forward. Here's how the two San Francisco startups are leveraging artificial intelligence to help gain market dominance in the post-pandemic world. In 2017, a group of machine learning engineers at the SEC became obsessed with computers that could see better than humans and ditched their jobs to join Y Combinator to build the computer vision company of their dreams.

For the better part of a year, OpenAI's GPT-3 has remained among the largest AI language models ever created, if not the largest of its kind. Via an API, people have used it to automatically write emails and articles, summarize text, compose poetry and recipes, create website layouts, and generate code for deep learning in Python. But GPT-3 has key limitations, chief among them that it's only available in English. The 45-terabyte dataset the model was trained on drew exclusively from English-language sources. This week, a research team at Chinese company Huawei quietly detailed what might be the Chinese-language equivalent of GPT-3.

Compared with previous types of networks, 5G networks are both more in need of automation and more amenable to automation. Automation tools are still evolving and machine learning is not yet common in carrier-grade networking, but rapid change is expected. Emerging standards from 3GPP, ETSI, ITU and the open source software community anticipate increased use of automation, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). And key suppliers' activities add credibility to the vision and promise of artificially intelligent network operations. "Growing complexity and the need to solve repetitive tasks in 5G and future radio systems necessitate new automation solutions that take advantage of state-of-the-art artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques that boost system efficiency," wrote Ericsson's chief technology officer (CTO), Erik Ekudden, recently.

We've seen this approach trigger an organic cycle of change within domains and, ultimately, build momentum for the use of AI throughout the larger organization as business leaders and employees see it work. We advise CEOs to target areas of the business where AI will make a big difference in a reasonable period of time; it's relatively easy to find a sponsor, get stakeholders to buy in, and put together a team; and there are multiple interconnected activities and opportunities to reuse data and technology assets. In another case a telecom provider chose to redesign its process for managing customer value (which spans all the ways a company interacts with its customers), using AI to understand and address each customer's unique needs. The team responsible for AI initiatives within each domain should contain all the people necessary--from business, digital, analytics, and IT functions--to design, build, and support the new ways of working. AI experts, such as data scientists and data engineers, were assigned to the team from the company's AI center of excellence for the duration of the work and reported directly to the senior director in the cargo division, who was the product owner for the new AI.

In forensic investigations it is often of value to establish whether two phones were used by the same person during a given time period. We present a method that uses time and location of cell tower registrations of mobile phones to assess the strength of evidence that any pair of phones were used by the same person. The method is transparent as it uses logistic regression to discriminate between the hypotheses of same and different user, and a standard kernel density estimation to quantify the weight of evidence in terms of a likelihood ratio. We further add to previous theoretical work by training and validating our method on real world data, paving the way for application in practice. The method shows good performance under different modeling choices and robustness under lower quantity or quality of data. We discuss practical usage in court.

These advances will create a network where almost every device can be simultaneously connected, enabling technologies not possible today. Governments and private entities are just beginning to invest in the technology, and projections suggest commercial availability around 2030. But given 6G's anticipated ubiquity and potential to change the landscape, we would be wise to begin learning about it now. Artificial intelligence ("AI") represents a new frontier in the global economy: Some estimates say it could contribute up to $15.7 trillion worldwide by 2030. Increases in computing power and innovations in computer science have fueled AI innovation.