Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely adopted to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) on Text-to-SQL tasks. However, existing methods often rely on execution-based or LLM-based Bradley-Terry reward models. The former suffers from high execution latency caused by repeated database calls, whereas the latter imposes substantial GPU memory overhead, both of which significantly hinder the efficiency and scalability of RL pipelines. To this end, we propose a novel reward model framework for RL-based Text-to-SQL named Graph-Reward-SQL, which employs the GMNScore outcome reward model. We leverage SQL graph representations to provide accurate reward signals while significantly reducing time cost and GPU memory usage. Building on this foundation, we further introduce StepRTM, a stepwise reward model that provides intermediate supervision over Common Table Expression (CTE) subqueries. This encourages both functional correctness and readability of SQL. Extensive comparative and ablation experiments on standard benchmarks, including Spider and BIRD, demonstrate that our method consistently outperforms existing reward models.

Multi-Hop Question Answering (MHQA) tasks permeate real-world applications, posing challenges in orchestrating multi-step reasoning across diverse knowledge domains. While existing approaches have been improved with iterative retrieval, they still struggle to identify and organize dynamic knowledge. To address this, we propose DualRAG, a synergistic dual-process framework that seamlessly integrates reasoning and retrieval. DualRAG operates through two tightly coupled processes: Reasoning-augmented Querying (RaQ) and progressive Knowledge Aggregation (pKA). They work in concert: as RaQ navigates the reasoning path and generates targeted queries, pKA ensures that newly acquired knowledge is systematically integrated to support coherent reasoning. This creates a virtuous cycle of knowledge enrichment and reasoning refinement. Through targeted fine-tuning, DualRAG preserves its sophisticated reasoning and retrieval capabilities even in smaller-scale models, demonstrating its versatility and core advantages across different scales. Extensive experiments demonstrate that this dual-process approach substantially improves answer accuracy and coherence, approaching, and in some cases surpassing, the performance achieved with oracle knowledge access. These results establish DualRAG as a robust and efficient solution for complex multi-hop reasoning tasks.

Cinematography understanding refers to the ability to recognize not only the visual content of a scene but also the cinematic techniques that shape narrative meaning. This capability is attracting increasing attention, as it enhances mul-timodal understanding in real-world applications and underpins coherent content creation in film and media. However, our analysis reveals that ambiguous option design in ShotBench and ShotVL's shortcomings in reasoning consistency and instruction adherence undermine evaluation reliability, limiting fair comparison and hindering future progress. To overcome these issues, we systematically refine ShotBench through consistent option restructuring, conduct the first critical analysis of ShotVL's reasoning behavior, and introduce an extended evaluation protocol that jointly assesses task accuracy and core model competencies. These efforts lead to RefineShot, a refined and expanded benchmark that enables more reliable assessment and fosters future advances in cinematography understanding. We first analyze and refine the options in ShotBench to address their inconsistencies, then examine state-of-the-art models and reveal their reliability defects. Based on these findings, we propose a new evaluation protocol and demonstrate its effectiveness through comprehensive experiments.

Large language models (LLMs) offer promising capabilities for simulating social media dynamics at scale, enabling studies that would be ethically or logistically challenging with human subjects. However, the field lacks standardized data resources for fine-tuning and evaluating LLMs as realistic social media agents. We address this gap by introducing SIMPACT, the SIMulation-oriented Persona and Action Capture Toolkit, a privacy respecting framework for constructing behaviorally-grounded social media datasets suitable for training agent models. We formulate next-action prediction as a task for training and evaluating LLM-based agents and introduce metrics at both the cluster and population levels to assess behavioral fidelity and stylistic realism. As a concrete implementation, we release BluePrint, a large-scale dataset built from public Bluesky data focused on political discourse. BluePrint clusters anonymized users into personas of aggregated behaviours, capturing authentic engagement patterns while safeguarding privacy through pseudonymization and removal of personally identifiable information. The dataset includes a sizable action set of 12 social media interaction types (likes, replies, reposts, etc.), each instance tied to the posting activity preceding it. This supports the development of agents that use context-dependence, not only in the language, but also in the interaction behaviours of social media to model social media users. By standardizing data and evaluation protocols, SIMPACT provides a foundation for advancing rigorous, ethically responsible social media simulations. BluePrint serves as both an evaluation benchmark for political discourse modeling and a template for building domain specific datasets to study challenges such as misinformation and polarization.

As AI drives layoffs at companies like Lufthansa Airlines and JPMorgan Chase, workers can navigate career transitions by identifying their transferable Working Genius skills.

The secret cult caves of polyamorous Mormon'prophet' with 85 wives are seen for first time Florida's housing market is tanking but the birthplace of Southern rock keeps its groove and defies the crash New double weather warning: 'tropical wave' headed to U.S. after hurricanes Humberto and Imelda wreak havoc My war with Harry & Meghan, by PIERS MORGAN: What really happened, their absurd accusations, the brutal truth about post-royal life... and how I believe their royal racism lies helped kill off woke But experts warn the huge benefits come with risks... here's what it means for YOU It is known as America's Playground but is now the epicenter of a food desert as residents go hungry I hung ICE agent effigies from the gallows in my yard. MAGA had a huge meltdown. They're going to lose their minds when they see what else I've done Dem governor finally takes action after pressure from Republicans over Ukrainian refugee's train murder Taylor, your album should be'Life of a Callgirl'. KENNEDY's appalled take on Swift's new record... and its ultra-vivid sex shout outs for Travis the Sasquatch Fate of the four Scottish crime lords who terrorised Dubai: Gangsters thought they were'untouchable' after spree of executions and firebombings. Now we reveal hellhole jail, inhumane'toilet paper' punishment... and where they are now Vile Chicago woman filmed rubbing dog poop on Cybertruck emblazoned with Donald Trump's signature Tycoon who is cousin of former President George W. Bush expected to launch run for Maine governor Israel prepares to implement'first stage' of Trump's Gaza peace plan Cassie Ventura's attorney responds to Diddy sentencing as she's hailed by judge who jailed vile rapper How I look like this at 62. I've lost 5 stone fast, 20 years off my biological age and wear size 8... without weight-loss jabs.

The secret cult caves of polyamorous Mormon'prophet' with 85 wives are seen for first time Florida's housing market is tanking but the birthplace of Southern rock keeps its groove and defies the crash My war with Harry & Meghan, by PIERS MORGAN: What really happened, their absurd accusations, the brutal truth about post-royal life... and how I believe their royal racism lies helped kill off woke But experts warn the huge benefits come with risks... here's what it means for YOU I hung ICE agent effigies from the gallows in my yard. MAGA had a huge meltdown. They're going to lose their minds when they see what else I've done Vile Chicago woman filmed rubbing dog poop on Cybertruck emblazoned with Donald Trump's signature Taylor, your album should be'Life of a Callgirl'. KENNEDY's appalled take on Swift's new record... and its ultra-vivid sex shout outs for Travis the Sasquatch Fate of the four Scottish crime lords who terrorised Dubai: Gangsters thought they were'untouchable' after spree of executions and firebombings. Now we reveal hellhole jail, inhumane'toilet paper' punishment... and where they are now Olympic gold medalist forced to put Louisiana home up for sale as she'can't make a living' months after filing for divorce Tycoon who is cousin of former President George W. Bush expected to launch run for Maine governor Israel prepares to implement'first stage' of Trump's Gaza peace plan Cassie Ventura's attorney responds to Diddy sentencing as she's hailed by judge who jailed vile rapper The truth about Keith Urban's guitarist'other woman' Maggie Baugh revealed amid Nicole Kidman divorce How I look like this at 62. I've lost 5 stone fast, 20 years off my biological age and wear size 8... without weight-loss jabs.

Tycoon who is cousin of former President George W. Bush expected to launch run for Maine governor Israel prepares to implement'first stage' of Trump's Gaza peace plan Olympic gold medalist forced to put Louisiana home up for sale as she'can't make a living' months after filing for divorce It's day one of Diddy's comeback tour: MAUREEN CALLAHAN's dark prediction of Sean Combs' shameless next act... and who'll be welcoming him back with open arms Kevin O'Leary calls skipping prenups'moronic' as he urges couples to protect financial independence Taylor, your album should be'Life of a Callgirl'. KENNEDY's appalled take on Swift's new record... and its ultra-vivid sex shout outs for Travis the Sasquatch My war with Harry & Meghan, by PIERS MORGAN: What really happened, their absurd accusations, the brutal truth about post-royal life... and how I believe their royal racism lies helped kill off woke Male escort'The Punisher' breaks down in tears at Diddy's sentencing after he took part in'freak offs' Shroud of Turin mystery deepens as surgeon spots hidden detail that points to Jesus' resurrection I'm no longer sleeping with my husband - and never will again, says MOLLY RYDDELL. I love him, but counted down the moments until he climaxed. Then I couldn't bear it any more and the truth spilled out... so many women feel the same Cassie Ventura's attorney responds to Diddy sentencing as she's hailed by judge who jailed vile rapper Fans erupt at Taylor Swift's'dig' at Travis Kelce's ex Kayla Nicole in wild The Life of a Showgirl track The truth about Keith Urban's guitarist'other woman' Maggie Baugh revealed amid Nicole Kidman divorce How I look like this at 62. I've lost 5 stone fast, 20 years off my biological age and wear size 8... without weight-loss jabs. The THREE singers Keith Urban's been cosying up to revealed - now Nicole Kidman's on the warpath and has done the thing every estranged husband fears most: ALISON BOSHOFF Dad's fury as stranger who stabbed his six-year-old boy in his sleep is freed from jail after just 10 years Trump appears alongside Melania at dinner hosted by JD Vance and Usha after'disappearance' rumors Top plastic surgeons reveal secrets behind Taylor Swift's'changing' face: 'It is looking very full' Kylie Jenner flashes her sculpted midriff in skimpy bra with Rosalia after viral'awkward' moment amid PFW Map shows where new strain of Covid is exploding in 19 states as sufferers are hit with'razor-blade' symptoms The REAL reason Britain has so many potholes: Experts blame'whack-a-mole' approach to filling holes - and claim local authorities should focus on preventative treatments instead READ MORE: Interactive map reveals Britain's pothole hotspots Whether its on a quiet country road or a busy motorway, it seems almost impossible to drive anywhere in Britain without hitting a pothole.

Tycoon who is cousin of former President George W. Bush expected to launch run for Maine governor Israel prepares to implement'first stage' of Trump's Gaza peace plan Olympic gold medalist forced to put Louisiana home up for sale as she'can't make a living' months after filing for divorce It's day one of Diddy's comeback tour: MAUREEN CALLAHAN's dark prediction of Sean Combs' shameless next act... and who'll be welcoming him back with open arms Kevin O'Leary calls skipping prenups'moronic' as he urges couples to protect financial independence Taylor, your album should be'Life of a Callgirl'. KENNEDY's appalled take on Swift's new record... and its ultra-vivid sex shout outs for Travis the Sasquatch My war with Harry & Meghan, by PIERS MORGAN: What really happened, their absurd accusations, the brutal truth about post-royal life... and how I believe their royal racism lies helped kill off woke Male escort'The Punisher' breaks down in tears at Diddy's sentencing after he took part in'freak offs' Shroud of Turin mystery deepens as surgeon spots hidden detail that points to Jesus' resurrection I'm no longer sleeping with my husband - and never will again, says MOLLY RYDDELL. I love him, but counted down the moments until he climaxed. Then I couldn't bear it any more and the truth spilled out... so many women feel the same Cassie Ventura's attorney responds to Diddy sentencing as she's hailed by judge who jailed vile rapper Fans erupt at Taylor Swift's'dig' at Travis Kelce's ex Kayla Nicole in wild The Life of a Showgirl track The truth about Keith Urban's guitarist'other woman' Maggie Baugh revealed amid Nicole Kidman divorce How I look like this at 62. I've lost 5 stone fast, 20 years off my biological age and wear size 8... without weight-loss jabs. The THREE singers Keith Urban's been cosying up to revealed - now Nicole Kidman's on the warpath and has done the thing every estranged husband fears most: ALISON BOSHOFF Dad's fury as stranger who stabbed his six-year-old boy in his sleep is freed from jail after just 10 years Trump appears alongside Melania at dinner hosted by JD Vance and Usha after'disappearance' rumors Top plastic surgeons reveal secrets behind Taylor Swift's'changing' face: 'It is looking very full' Kylie Jenner flashes her sculpted midriff in skimpy bra with Rosalia after viral'awkward' moment amid PFW Map shows where new strain of Covid is exploding in 19 states as sufferers are hit with'razor-blade' symptoms Is your partner suddenly sending suspiciously romantic texts?

W hat happens when an internationally bestselling historian, a Nobel peace prize-winning journalist and a former politician get together to discuss the state of the world, and where we're heading? Yuval Noah Harari is an Israeli medieval and military historian best known for his panoramic surveys of human history, including Sapiens, Homo Deus and, most recently, Nexus: A Brief History of Information Networks from the Stone Age to AI. Maria Ressa, joint winner of the Nobel peace prize, is a Filipino and American journalist who co-founded the news website Rappler. And Rory Stewart is a British academic and former Conservative MP, writer and co-host of The Rest Is Politics podcast. Their conversation ranged over the rise of AI, the crisis in democracy and the prospect of a Trump-Putin wedding, but began by considering a question central to all of their work: how to live a good life in an increasingly fragmented and fragile world? People have been arguing about this for thousands of years.