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Knowledge-Enhanced Recommendation with User-Centric Subgraph Network

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Recommendation systems, as widely implemented nowadays on various platforms, recommend relevant items to users based on their preferences. The classical methods which rely on user-item interaction matrices has limitations, especially in scenarios where there is a lack of interaction data for new items. Knowledge graph (KG)-based recommendation systems have emerged as a promising solution. However, most KG-based methods adopt node embeddings, which do not provide personalized recommendations for different users and cannot generalize well to the new items. To address these limitations, we propose Knowledge-enhanced User-Centric subgraph Network (KUCNet), a subgraph learning approach with graph neural network (GNN) for effective recommendation. KUCNet constructs a U-I subgraph for each user-item pair that captures both the historical information of user-item interactions and the side information provided in KG. An attention-based GNN is designed to encode the U-I subgraphs for recommendation. Considering efficiency, the pruned user-centric computation graph is further introduced such that multiple U-I subgraphs can be simultaneously computed and that the size can be pruned by Personalized PageRank. Our proposed method achieves accurate, efficient, and interpretable recommendations especially for new items. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of KUCNet over state-of-the-art KG-based and collaborative filtering (CF)-based methods.


From Perils to Possibilities: Understanding how Human (and AI) Biases affect Online Fora

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Social media platforms are online fora where users engage in discussions, share content, and build connections. This review explores the dynamics of social interactions, user-generated contents, and biases within the context of social media analysis (analyzing works that use the tools offered by complex network analysis and natural language processing) through the lens of three key points of view: online debates, online support, and human-AI interactions. On the one hand, we delineate the phenomenon of online debates, where polarization, misinformation, and echo chamber formation often proliferate, driven by algorithmic biases and extreme mechanisms of homophily. On the other hand, we explore the emergence of online support groups through users' self-disclosure and social support mechanisms. Online debates and support mechanisms present a duality of both perils and possibilities within social media; perils of segregated communities and polarized debates, and possibilities of empathy narratives and self-help groups. This dichotomy also extends to a third perspective: users' reliance on AI-generated content, such as the ones produced by Large Language Models, which can manifest both human biases hidden in training sets and non-human biases that emerge from their artificial neural architectures. Analyzing interdisciplinary approaches, we aim to deepen the understanding of the complex interplay between social interactions, user-generated content, and biases within the realm of social media ecosystems.


Statistical Inference For Noisy Matrix Completion Incorporating Auxiliary Information

arXiv.org Machine Learning

This paper investigates statistical inference for noisy matrix completion in a semi-supervised model when auxiliary covariates are available. The model consists of two parts. One part is a low-rank matrix induced by unobserved latent factors; the other part models the effects of the observed covariates through a coefficient matrix which is composed of high-dimensional column vectors. We model the observational pattern of the responses through a logistic regression of the covariates, and allow its probability to go to zero as the sample size increases. We apply an iterative least squares (LS) estimation approach in our considered context. The iterative LS methods in general enjoy a low computational cost, but deriving the statistical properties of the resulting estimators is a challenging task. We show that our method only needs a few iterations, and the resulting entry-wise estimators of the low-rank matrix and the coefficient matrix are guaranteed to have asymptotic normal distributions. As a result, individual inference can be conducted for each entry of the unknown matrices. We also propose a simultaneous testing procedure with multiplier bootstrap for the high-dimensional coefficient matrix. This simultaneous inferential tool can help us further investigate the effects of covariates for the prediction of missing entries.


Reddit shares priced at 34 in largest IPO by social media company in years

The Guardian

Reddit will enter a new era as a publicly traded company with a market value of 6.4bn after the social media platform's initial public offering was priced at 34 per share. The price, announced late on Wednesday, came in at the top of the target range set by Reddit's investment bankers as they spent the past few weeks gauging investor demand for the stock. It sets the stage for Reddit's shares to begin trading Thursday on the New York stock exchange under the ticker symbol RDDT in the largest initial public offering by a social media company in years. The platform, which is hoping to raise 748m, is set to sell 22m shares. The company's latest 6.4bn valuation is a drop from 2021, when it was valued at 10bn during a private funding round.


The Filmmaker Who Says AI Is Reparations

WIRED

Willonius Hatcher was looking for a way in. He'd tried just about everything to break into Hollywood, and because there no longer exists a traditional entry point into its hallowed pantheon of performers--we can thank the internet for doing away with all notions of conventional success--the pursuit of it sometimes felt like a mirage. He could see it, and he knew he could get there because he believed in his talent, only the closer he got the farther the door seemed. He'd done the stand-up circuit, short film work, sketches, even video editing. None of them got him fully in the door.


Fox News AI Newsletter: Inside Google's bungled Gemini rollout

FOX News

'Seen and Unseen': Fox News' Raymond Arroyo has the latest on President Biden's dog Commander and the controversy surrounding Google's A.I.-generated historical images on'The Ingraham Angle.' BEHIND THE CURTAIN: Google abandoned "fairness" and took major "shortcuts" to launch the Gemini artificial intelligence chatbot despite internal concerns, according to a former high-level employee. IN THE WORKS: Apple is in talks with Google to use its new Gemini artificial intelligence models to power the AI features for iPhones after previously discussing the prospect with ChatGPT maker OpenAI, according to a new report. 'CRAZY AND WEIRD': LSU women's basketball star Angel Reese took to social media Monday to call out those allegedly creating AI-generated photos of the college basketball player. Angel Reese #10 of the LSU Lady Tigers looks on against the Tennessee Lady Vols in the first quarter at Thompson-Boling Arena on February 25, 2024 in Knoxville, Tennessee. LAWN BEAST: Imagine a future where the hum of lawn mowers and the rustle of leaves being raked are sounds of the past, replaced by quiet and efficient robots.


'Doppelbangers' debunked: Celebrity couples who look alike are no more likely to stay together than pairs who have different faces, study finds

Daily Mail - Science & tech

From Kirsten Dunst and Jesse Plemons, to Maggie Gyllenhaal and Peter Sarsgaard, celebrity couples often look weirdly alike. In fact, the phenomenon has coined the term'doppelbanger' – two people with similar facial features who are intimately involved. This has led to speculation that looking similar is somehow conducive to a better or more long-lasting relationship. But researchers in Germany, who used artificial intelligence (AI) to analyse celebrity photos, have found there is no evidence to support this. Celebrity couples who look alike are no more likely to stay together than pairs who have different faces, such as David and Victoria Beckham, and Emily Blunt and John Krasinski, they say.


French regulator hits Google with 272m fine over media licensing deal

Al Jazeera

France's competition watchdog has fined Google 250 million euros ( 272m) for breaching commitments to media companies on content licensing. The French Competition Authority said on Wednesday that it was imposing the fine as part of additional measures over a 2019 case that organisations representing French magazines and newspapers had lodged against the United States tech giant and other online platforms. The media outlets accused the tech companies of making billions from their content without sharing the revenue with those who gathered it. In 2021, the watchdog fined Google 500 million euros ( 592m) for failing to negotiate in good faith. The dispute appeared to be resolved in 2022 when the company dropped its appeal against the fine.


Interview with Raffaele Galliera: Deep reinforcement learning for communication networks

AIHub

The AAAI/SIGAI Doctoral Consortium provides an opportunity for a group of PhD students to discuss and explore their research interests and career objectives in an interdisciplinary workshop together with a panel of established researchers. This year, 30 students were selected for this programme, and we've been meeting them and talking about their research. In this interview, Raffaele Galliera, tells us about his work on deep reinforcement learning for communication networks. My name is Raffaele Galliera and I'm a PhD student in the Intelligent Systems and Robotics program at the University of West Florida, located in Pensacola. It's a joint program between the University of West Florida and the Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC), which is a nonprofit organization based in Pensacola.


Google fined 250m in France for breaching intellectual property rules

The Guardian

Google has been fined 250m ( 213m) by French regulators for breaching an agreement over paying media companies for reproducing their content online. France's competition watchdog said on Wednesday that it was fining the US tech company for breaches linked to intellectual property rules related to news media publishers. The regulator also cited concerns about Google's AI service. The competition authority said Google's AI-powered chatbot Bard – since rebranded as Gemini – was trained on content from publishers and news agencies without notifying them. The watchdog said in a statement that the fine was for "failing to respect commitments made in 2022" and accused Google of not negotiating in "good faith" with news publishers on how much to compensate them for use of their content.