Materials
How artificial intelligence can improve resilience in mineral processing during uncertain times
As COVID-19 continues to affect millions of lives and livelihoods, it is delivering perhaps the most significant shock to industries--from education to healthcare to food supply--in almost a century. Mineral processing companies also have to grapple with profound uncertainty and volatility. Before COVID-19, some were already taking steps to build their capabilities to cope with fluctuations inherent in commodities markets. But recent events triggering challenges in workforce availability, supply chains, and demand created a need for higher levels of operational resilience in a short period of time. Here is where recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) helped.
Boston Dynamics' robot dog inspects SpaceX site in Texas
Footage has emerged of one of Boston Dynamics' robotic dogs patrolling a SpaceX test site in the US. The video allegedly shows SpaceX using the $75,000 (£60,000) robotic dog to inspect the aftermath of its test site in Boca Chica, Texas. SpaceX had just been conducting a cryogenic pressure test on the Starship SN7 dome tank prototype, according to Tesmanian. SN7 was filled with sub-cooled liquid nitrogen and it was intentionally pressurised to its capacity before it burst and collapsed on its side. The stainless-steel commercial spacecraft, once operational, will be capable of transporting passengers on long-duration voyages to the Moon and Mars. But until the launch vehicle is ready, Elon Musk's company appears to be employing a little help from a trusty robotic companion.
AI identifies change in microstructure in aging materials
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) scientists have taken a step forward in the design of future materials with improved performance by analyzing its microstructure using AI. The work recently appeared online in the journal Computational Materials Science. Technological progress in materials science applications spanning electronic, biomedical, alternate energy, electrolyte, catalyst design and beyond is often hindered by a lack of understanding of complex relationships between the underlying material microstructure and device performance. But AI-driven data analytics provide opportunities that can accelerate materials design and optimization by elucidating processing-performance correlations in a mathematically tractable way. However, to reliably train large networks one needs data from tens of thousands of samples, which, unfortunately is often prohibitive in new systems and new applications due to the cost of sample-preparation and data collection.
This 3D printed house reduces carbon emissions and takes 48 hours to build!
The construction industry contributes to 39% of global carbon emissions while aviation contributes to only 2% which means we need to look for alternative building materials if we are to make a big impact on the climate crisis soon. We've seen buildings being made using mushrooms, bricks made from recycled plastic and sand waste, organic concrete, and now are seeing another innovative solution – a floating 3D printed house! Prvok is the name of this project and it will be the first 3D printed house in the Czech Republic built by Michal Trpak, a sculptor, and Stavebni Sporitelna Ceske Sporitelny who is a notable member of the Erste building society. The house is designed to float and only takes 48 hours to build! Not only is that seven times faster than traditional houses, but it also reduces construction costs by 50%.
Digitalisation of mining to weather future storms
Mining is no stranger to digitalisation. The widely held perception of the resources industry is one of workers in mines and not one of machines running almost everything. But technological advances have already resulted in adoption of mechanisation, automation and data-driven production optimisation. Companies such as BHP, Anglo American and Rio Tinto have embraced digitalisation to gain a competitive advantage, mitigate risk and improve performance. They use advanced data analytics, virtual reality and artificial intelligence to reduce costs and increase efficiency in their processes, leading to enhanced ore recovery and less waste, to name a couple of benefits.
An Integer Linear Programming Framework for Mining Constraints from Data
Various structured output prediction problems (e.g., sequential tagging) involve constraints over the output space. By identifying these constraints, we can filter out infeasible solutions and build an accountable model. To this end, we present a general integer linear programming (ILP) framework for mining constraints from data. We model the inference of structured output prediction as an ILP problem. Then, given the coefficients of the objective function and the corresponding solution, we mine the underlying constraints by estimating the outer and inner polytopes of the feasible set. We verify the proposed constraint mining algorithm in various synthetic and real-world applications and demonstrate that the proposed approach successfully identifies the feasible set at scale. In particular, we show that our approach can learn to solve 9x9 Sudoku puzzles and minimal spanning tree problems from examples without providing the underlying rules. We also demonstrate results on hierarchical multi-label classification and conduct a theoretical analysis on how close the mined constraints are from the ground truth.
Building the Cognitive Enterprise: AI-powered transformation
Yara, one of the world's leading fertilizer companies and a provider of environmental solutions, have created an industry-wide business platform to connect and empower independent farmers. It will use IoT sensors and AI and TWC to provide hyperlocal weather forecasting, crop damage prediction and real-time recommendations. Already downloaded by over 1,300,000 farmers, this platform is transforming existing supplier relationships and expanding its value. Yara built a digital farming platform that connects and empowers independent farmers, expanding its business model as a first-of-a-kind, competitive differentiator in the industry. Yara, one of the world's leading fertilizer companies and a provider of environmental solutions, have created an industry-wide business platform to connect and empower independent farmers.
Using an Artificial Neural Network for Air Quality Prediction
Air Quality Index is based on the measurement of particulate matter, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, and Carbon Monoxide emissions. Most of the stations on the map are monitoring both PM2.5 and PM10 data, but there are few exceptions where only PM10 is available, Here we are using the Bangalore weather data, and some of the features might even make the predictions worse. An artificial neural network is an interconnected group of nodes, inspired by a simplification of neurons in a brain. Here, each circular node represents an artificial neuron and an arrow represents a connection from the output of one artificial neuron to the input of another, here it would help us how we can make neurons on-air live air data, try to find the best mean squared error. Input Layer - This is the first layer in the neural network.
Multi-Model Penalized Regression
Wendelberger, Laura J., Reich, Brian J., Wilson, Alyson G.
Model fitting often aims to fit a single model, assuming that the imposed form of the model is correct. However, there may be multiple possible underlying explanatory patterns in a set of predictors that could explain a response. Model selection without regarding model uncertainty can fail to bring these patterns to light. We present multi-model penalized regression (MMPR) to acknowledge model uncertainty in the context of penalized regression. In the penalty form introduced here, we explore how different settings can promote either shrinkage or sparsity of coefficients in separate models. A choice of penalty form that enforces variable selection is applied to predict stacking force energy (SFE) from steel alloy composition. The aim is to identify multiple models with different subsets of covariates that explain a single type of response.
We can make robots from gelatine and other edible ingredients
Soft, edible robots that mimic real organisms could be used to deliver drugs to animals. That is just one potential application of a new material made from biodegradable gel. "The question is, could we develop a material that is, at the same time, very reliable while you use it, but once triggered can completely degrade?" says Martin Kaltenbrunner at Johannes Kepler University Linz in Austria. Kaltenbrunner and his colleagues created a gel out of ingredients that are safe to eat, including gelatine – which can be fully degraded by the body – citric acid to stop bacterial growth and glycerol for softness and to prevent dehydration. The biogel is designed to be eaten by bacteria commonly found in waste water, meaning it will break down naturally if it ends up in landfill, for instance, but remain stable otherwise.