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The politics of artificial intelligence: an interview with Louise Amoore

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Krystian Woznicki (KW):'Rethinking political agency in an AI-driven world' is the topic of the AMBIENT REVOLTS conference in Berlin on 8–10 November. I would therefore like to begin by asking you about the deployment of algorithms at state borders. You have noted that'in order to learn, to change daily and evolve [they] require precisely the circulations and mobilities that pass through'. This observation is part of your larger argument about how governmentality is less concerned with prohibiting movement than with facilitating it in productive ways. The role of self-learning algorithms would seem to be very significant in this context, since – like capitalism – they also hinge upon movement. When it comes to their thirst for traffic, how do you think that relationship between self-learning algorithms and capitalism? Louise Amoore (LA): Yes, I agree that the role of'self learning' or semi-supervised algorithms is of the utmost relevance in understanding how movement and circulation matters.


'Right to repair' advocates claim major victory in new smartphone copyright exemption

Washington Post - Technology News

In a new ruling that will take effect on Sunday, the Librarian of Congress has carved out a series of exemptions that allow people to legally circumvent digital "locks" on devices they own, such as voice assistants, tablets, smartphones and vehicles, to repair them. Motherboard earlier reported on the ruling. Device manufactures currently use digital protection measures to safeguard their intellectual property. The digital locks are intended to prevent the theft of intellectual property and to keep consumers from compromising their electronics, thereby preserving the integrity and security of a device's operating system, Industry groups have argued. The exemptions permit customers to unlock their smartphones and get around restrictions built into other mainstream devices, including smart home assistants, said to Kyle Wiens, founder of iFixit.



Prison drone drug gang jailed

BBC News

Seven members of a gang which used drones to fly more than £500,000 worth of drugs into prisons have been jailed. The gang was responsible for 55 drone deliveries into prisons around the country between April 2016 and June 2017. Police described the drone conspiracy as the "biggest ever seen" in the UK. The men were sentenced for between three and 10 years and six other gang members were given suspended sentences at Birmingham Crown Court earlier. The gang flew an estimated £550,000 worth of drugs - mainly cannabis and synthetic cannabis - along with amphetamines, crack cocaine and heroin to inmates' windows, West Midlands Police said.


AI Researchers Fight Over Four Letters: NIPS

WIRED

The future of humanity will be shaped by artificial intelligence. Now some of the best brains working on the technology are riven by a debate about a four-letter acronym that some say contributes to the field's well-documented diversity problems. NIPS is the name of AI's most prominent conference, a venue for machine learning research formally known as the Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. Researchers at tech companies including Google and leading universities allege that the name contributes to an atmosphere unwelcoming to women. The acronym has long inspired anatomical jokes about nipples; others dislike the word's racist connotations.


What's AI to Do in a World Where Ethics Are Subjective? - SuperPosition

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There is a solution that can potentially bypass the subjective nature of ethics and that is to point AI towards an action based on prioritizing international human rights. Philip Alston, an international legal scholar at NYU's School of Law, says, "[Human rights are] in the constitution...They're in the bill of rights; they've been interpreted by courts." Therefore an AI's action should never remove basic human rights. This means that in order for AI to develop a universal code, it should not be based on ethics but to work with civil rights groups and researchers to study the impact of human rights throughout the life cycle of the AI.


Special issue on "Governing artificial intelligence: ethical, legal and technical opportunities and challenges"

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Research article: Soft ethics, the governance of the digital and the General Data Protection Regulation Luciano Floridi Research article: The fallacy of inscrutability Joshua A. Kroll Opinion piece: Constitutional democracy and technology in the age of artificial intelligence Paul Nemitz Research article: Artificial intelligence policy in India: a framework for engaging the limits of data-driven decision-making Vidushi Marda Research article: Algorithms that remember: model inversion attacks and data protection law Michael Veale, Reuben Binns, Lilian Edwards Research article: Ethical governance is essential to building trust in robotics and artificial intelligence systems Alan F. T. Winfield, Marina Jirotka Research article: Apples, oranges, robots: four misunderstandings in today's debate on the legal status of AI systems Ugo Pagallo Research article: Democratizing algorithmic news recommenders: how to materialize voice in a technologically saturated media ecosystem Jaron Harambam, Natali Helberger, Joris van Hoboken


Law and Adversarial Machine Learning

arXiv.org Machine Learning

When machine learning systems fail because of adversarial manipulation, how should society expect the law to respond? Through scenarios grounded in adversarial ML literature, we explore how some aspects of computer crime, copyright, and tort law interface with perturbation, poisoning, model stealing and model inversion attacks to show how some attacks are more likely to result in liability than others. We end with a call for action to ML researchers to invest in transparent benchmarks of attacks and defenses; architect ML systems with forensics in mind and finally, think more about adversarial machine learning in the context of civil liberties. The paper is targeted towards ML researchers who have no legal background.


Apple boss Tim Cook says people's data is being 'weaponised with military efficiency' by tech companies

The Independent - Tech

Apple boss Tim Cook says that people's personal data is being "weaponised with military efficiency" by companies who are using it to make profit for themselves. Mr Cook and the rest of Apple have repeatedly argued that some parts of the technology industry are abusing the trust of its users by taking intimate data from them and using it to make money. But the latest comments at the International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners are perhaps the strongest attack on those firms yet. Mr Cook said that there should be a federal law in the US that stops data being abused, promoted Apple's own commitment to privacy, and praised the new GDPR rules that are meant to protect data in Europe. The I.F.O. is fuelled by eight electric engines, which is able to push the flying object to an estimated top speed of about 120mph.


Why does artificial intelligence discriminate?

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Advances in automation, machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) mean we're on the threshold of discoveries that could change human society irreversibly – for better or worse. From AI that sorts CVs and shortlists job applicants, to facial recognition algorithms, these technologies are bringing new efficiencies and reducing errors in both public and private sector decision making. But, increasingly, many of us are becoming aware of the dangers of bias and discrimination inherent in these technologies. A recent MIT study measuring how the technology works on people of different races and gender found that facial recognition AI was less accurate when classifying the faces of people with darker skin. Meanwhile, Amazon scrapped an AI recruitment tool after the company found that it wasn't rating candidates for software developer jobs and other technical posts in a gender-neutral way.