Law
AI chatbot 'hallucinations' perpetuate political falsehoods, biases that have rewritten American history
Fox News correspondent Grady Trimble has the latest on fears the technology will spiral out of control on'Special Report.' Artificial intelligence query platforms offer in many cases a hallucinatory hard-left version of politics and history. The same biases and outright lies that reshaped academia over the last 50 years and infected the American body politic with division are endemic throughout versions of historical events perpetuated by OpenAI's generative platform ChatGPT, according to a number of searches done by Fox News Digital. "Artificial Intelligence will simply reflect and magnify the mindset and ideology of its creators -- and impress those values upon the rest of us," Victor Davis Hanson, senior fellow at the Hoover Institution, told Fox News Digital. "In other words, we are creating Silicon Valley-minded Frankensteins and unleashing them on the nation," he said.
ChatGPT poised to expose corporate secrets, cyber firm warns
Companies using generative artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT could be putting confidential customer information and trade secrets at risk, according to a report from Team8, an Israel-based venture firm. The widespread adoption of new AI chatbots and writing tools could leave companies vulnerable to data leaks and lawsuits, said the report, which was provided to Bloomberg News prior to its release. The fear is that the chatbots could be exploited by hackers to access sensitive corporate information or perform actions against the company. There are also concerns that confidential information fed into the chatbots now could be used by AI companies in the future. Major technology companies including Microsoft and Alphabet are racing to add generative AI capabilities to improve chatbots and search engines, training their models on data scraped from the Internet to give users a one-stop-shop to their queries.
Inside the secret list of websites that make AI chatbots sound smart
AI chatbots have exploded in popularity over the past four months, stunning the public with their awesome abilities, from writing sophisticated term papers to holding unnervingly lucid conversations. Chatbots cannot think like humans: They do not actually understand what they say. They can mimic human speech because the artificial intelligence that powers them has ingested a gargantuan amount of text, mostly scraped from the internet. This text is the AI's main source of information about the world as it is being built, and it influences how it responds to users. If it aces the bar exam, for example, it's probably because its training data included thousands of LSAT practice sites.
The State-of-the-Art in Air Pollution Monitoring and Forecasting Systems using IoT, Big Data, and Machine Learning
Gangwar, Amisha, Singh, Sudhakar, Mishra, Richa, Prakash, Shiv
The quality of air is closely linked with the life quality of humans, plantations, and wildlife. It needs to be monitored and preserved continuously. Transportations, industries, construction sites, generators, fireworks, and waste burning have a major percentage in degrading the air quality. These sources are required to be used in a safe and controlled manner. Using traditional laboratory analysis or installing bulk and expensive models every few miles is no longer efficient. Smart devices are needed for collecting and analyzing air data. The quality of air depends on various factors, including location, traffic, and time. Recent researches are using machine learning algorithms, big data technologies, and the Internet of Things to propose a stable and efficient model for the stated purpose. This review paper focuses on studying and compiling recent research in this field and emphasizes the Data sources, Monitoring, and Forecasting models. The main objective of this paper is to provide the astuteness of the researches happening to improve the various aspects of air polluting models. Further, it casts light on the various research issues and challenges also.
ACROCPoLis: A Descriptive Framework for Making Sense of Fairness
Tubella, Andrea Aler, Mollo, Dimitri Coelho, Lindstrรถm, Adam Dahlgren, Devinney, Hannah, Dignum, Virginia, Ericson, Petter, Jonsson, Anna, Kampik, Timotheus, Lenaerts, Tom, Mendez, Julian Alfredo, Nieves, Juan Carlos
Fairness is central to the ethical and responsible development and use of AI systems, with a large number of frameworks and formal notions of algorithmic fairness being available. However, many of the fairness solutions proposed revolve around technical considerations and not the needs of and consequences for the most impacted communities. We therefore want to take the focus away from definitions and allow for the inclusion of societal and relational aspects to represent how the effects of AI systems impact and are experienced by individuals and social groups. In this paper, we do this by means of proposing the ACROCPoLis framework to represent allocation processes with a modeling emphasis on fairness aspects. The framework provides a shared vocabulary in which the factors relevant to fairness assessments for different situations and procedures are made explicit, as well as their interrelationships. This enables us to compare analogous situations, to highlight the differences in dissimilar situations, and to capture differing interpretations of the same situation by different stakeholders. CCS Concepts: Computer systems organization Embedded systems; Redundancy; Robotics; Networks Network reliability. INTRODUCTION Fairness is a fundamental aspect of justice, and central to a democratic society [50]. It is therefore unsurprising that justice and fairness are at the core of current discussions about the ethics of the development and use of AI systems. Given that people often associate fairness with consistency and accuracy, the idea that our decisions as well as the decisions affecting us can become fairer by replacing human judgment with automated, numerical systems, is appealing [1, 16, 24]. All authors contributed equally to this research. Authors listed alphabetically Authors' addresses: Andrea Aler Tubella, andrea.aler@umu.se, Nevertheless, current research and journalistic investigations have identified issues with discrimination, bias and lack of fairness in a variety of AI applications [41].
Catch Me If You Can: Identifying Fraudulent Physician Reviews with Large Language Models Using Generative Pre-Trained Transformers
Shukla, Aishwarya Deep, Agarwal, Laksh, Mein, Jie, Goh, null, Guodong, null, Gao, null, Agarwal, Ritu
The proliferation of fake reviews of doctors has potentially detrimental consequences for patient well-being and has prompted concern among consumer protection groups and regulatory bodies. Yet despite significant advancements in the fields of machine learning and natural language processing, there remains limited comprehension of the characteristics differentiating fraudulent from authentic reviews. This study utilizes a novel pre-labeled dataset of 38048 physician reviews to establish the effectiveness of large language models in classifying reviews. Specifically, we compare the performance of traditional ML models, such as logistic regression and support vector machines, to generative pre-trained transformer models. Furthermore, we use GPT4, the newest model in the GPT family, to uncover the key dimensions along which fake and genuine physician reviews differ. Our findings reveal significantly superior performance of GPT-3 over traditional ML models in this context. Additionally, our analysis suggests that GPT3 requires a smaller training sample than traditional models, suggesting its appropriateness for tasks with scarce training data. Moreover, the superiority of GPT3 performance increases in the cold start context i.e., when there are no prior reviews of a doctor. Finally, we employ GPT4 to reveal the crucial dimensions that distinguish fake physician reviews. In sharp contrast to previous findings in the literature that were obtained using simulated data, our findings from a real-world dataset show that fake reviews are generally more clinically detailed, more reserved in sentiment, and have better structure and grammar than authentic ones.
Dynamic World, Near real-time global 10 m land use land cover mapping
Unlike satellite images, which are typically acquired and processed in near-real-time, global land cover products have historically been produced on an annual basis, often with substantial lag times between image processing and dataset release. We developed a new automated approach for globally consistent, high resolution, near real-time (NRT) land use land cover (LULC) classification leveraging deep learning on 10โm Sentinel-2 imagery. We utilize a highly scalable cloud-based system to apply this approach and provide an open, continuous feed of LULC predictions in parallel with Sentinel-2 acquisitions. This first-of-its-kind NRT product, which we collectively refer to as Dynamic World, accommodates a variety of user needs ranging from extremely up-to-date LULC data to custom global composites representing user-specified date ranges. Furthermore, the continuous nature of the productโs outputs enables refinement, extension, and even redefinition of the LULC classification. In combination, these unique attributes enable unprecedented flexibility for a diverse community of users across a variety of disciplines.
Generative AI risks concentrating Big Tech's power. Here's how to stop it.
Both of these resources are only really available to big companies. And although some of the most exciting applications, such as OpenAI's chatbot ChatGPT and Stability.AI's image-generation AI Stable Diffusion, are created by startups, they rely on deals with Big Tech that gives them access to its vast data and computing resources. "A couple of big tech firms are poised to consolidate power through AI rather than democratize it," says Sarah Myers West, managing director of the AI Now Institute, a research nonprofit. Right now, Big Tech has a chokehold on AI. But Myers West believes we're actually at a watershed moment.