Artificial Intelligence (AI) revenues will reach $47 billion in 2020, from $8.0 billion last year, According to International Data Corporation (IDC). Artificial Intelligence is complex technologies and algorithms that enable machines, software, and systems to make human-like decisions. End user organizations and software developers are in the process of deploying artificial intelligence into almost every type of enterprise process or application. Since AI represents an important opportunity, today we will highlight 10 contemporary technology trends in artificial intelligence. Nowadays, hardware is getting a lot of attention in the AI industry.

Two AI researchers are behind a daring open challenge to fight the spread of outrageous headlines that are completely detached from reality. The Fake News Challenge (FNC) is organized by Dean Pomerleau, an entrepreneur and adjunct professor at Carnegie Mellon University, and Delip Rao, an employee at Joostware. The aim is to explore how AI – particularly machine learning and natural language processing – might be used to combat the negative effects of false information. The problem of fake news has been bubbling away for some time, but reached a climax as Donald Trump was sworn in as the 45th President of the United States. People were quick to blame dodgy websites for pushing lies – such as the Pope backing Donald – that potentially skewed the election results in the telly celebrity's favor.

The shadowy arm of the US Defense Department devoted to funding cutting-edge technology is building an interactive robotics system powerful enough to perform an incredibly difficult task: a trumpet solo. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Darpa), the US military's technology research arm, has handed over its first cheque to Kelland Thomas, associate director of the University of Arizona School of Information (and a jazz musician in his own right) to fund musical machines. "The goal of our research is to build a computer system and then hook it up to robots that can play instruments, and can play with human musicians in ways that we recognize as improvisational and adaptive," said Thomas. Machine learning is a complex field, and one that a scientist at Darpa's Robotics Challenge in Pomona, California, earlier this year likened to "a three-day-old child". A three-day-old child's brain is incredibly powerful, but it doesn't yet know how to riff like Charlie Parker.

As the band gets into their groove, the guitarist gets ready to rip a solo he's practiced for endless hours. The crowd knows he'll pull it off perfectly. This is the future that researchers, funded by the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), are hoping to produce, according to Tech Insider. A team, lead by Kelland Thomas from the University of Arizona, is trying to teach artificial intelligence software how to jam to jazz music, in the hopes of one day designing robots that can play real instruments and make sweet music. Thomas' team will build up a database of music from jazz legends like Miles Davis and Louis Armstrong. Then it'll force the software through machine learning to go over the music until it knows it inside and out.

In January, Libratus, an AI agent, won $1.77 million in a Texas Hold'Em tournament against four professional poker players. Conducted by the computer science department at Carnegie Mellon University, the contest proved machine mastery of game theory. Prior to this experiment, no computer had demonstrated an ability to win in a strategic game with imperfect information. According to The Washington Post, researchers believe that the AI test will have implications across many sectors of our economy. Ultimately, it could be used in a number of situations including, business negotiations, cybersecurity attacks and military operations.

Great idea, big potential, but few applications so far and a lot to learn. This sums up the outlook for how public services could make use of artificial intelligence (AI), the technology that is stirring up hopes and fears, and is already surrounded by an aura of inevitability. There is some debate about its definition, but it is generally seen as a stream of computing developed to carry out tasks usually requiring human intelligence, and to learn from what it takes in. It came in for a new round of attention last week when the Government's chief scientific adviser, Sir Mark Walport, delivered a Turing Institute lecture on the potential. It was notable for emphasising the overall significance rather than much precision on how AI could be used: Walport spoke of applications in justice, welfare, education and medicine, but largely in broad terms.

This paper maps the large-scale variation of the Spanish language by employing a corpus based on geographically tagged Twitter messages. Lexical dialects are extracted from an analysis of variants of tens of concepts. The resulting maps show linguistic variation on an unprecedented scale across the globe. We discuss the properties of the main dialects within a machine learning approach and find that varieties spoken in urban areas have an international character in contrast to country areas where dialects show a more regional uniformity.

Robots are taking increasingly bigger roles in life and business – moving well beyond manufacturing and into transportation, education, medicine and care for the elderly. But ethics and law haven't caught up. Dr. Kate Darling, a pioneer in the fields, is helping quicken the pace. A leading expert in robot ethics, she is a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab where she investigates social robotics and conducts experimental studies on human-robot interaction. Darling explores the emotional connection between people and life-like inventions, seeking to influence technology design and policy direction.

If you think this election is insane, wait until 2020. I want you to imagine how, in four years' time, technologies like AI, machine learning, sensors and networks will accelerate. Political campaigns are about to get hyper-personalized thanks to advances in a few exponential technologies. Imagine a candidate who now knows everything about you, who can reach you wherever you happen to be looking, and who can use info scraped from social media (and intuited by machine learning algorithms) to speak directly to you and your interests. Here's what future election campaign marketing might feel like… In 2016, 78% of Americans have a social media profile.

Just a decade ago, few would have guessed that virtual goods could create a real market. Then the smartphone age sparked a whole new universe of ephemeral, yet lucrative, commerce. "People have gotten much more comfortable with the idea of paying for things that are virtual," says Joost van Dreunen, the co-founder and CEO of SuperData, a gaming research firm. For startups in this fast-growing market, the goods may be fake, but the sales are real. Some of the most promising new areas of business are hidden behind what can sound like Millennial smartphone-speak: Kimoji!