About five or six years ago, one of Karl Ricanek's students showed him a video on YouTube. It was a time lapse of a person undergoing hormone replacement therapy, or HRT, in order to transition genders. "At the time, we were working on facial recognition," Ricanek, a professor of computer science at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington, tells The Verge. He says he and his students were always trying to find ways to break the systems they worked on, and that this video seemed like a particularly tricky challenge. "We were like, 'Wow there's no way the current technology could recognize this person [after they transitioned].'"

An increasingly popular concern is that robots will eat up labour's share of income at an accelerating rate, leaving ordinary workers impoverished and unemployed. A common dinner conversation topic in Silicon Valley is universal basic income, and the typical argument advanced for UBI is that we are destined to indefinitely continue losing jobs faster than we replace them. Variants on this theme have circulated since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. Improvements in farming technology have been greeted with skepticism since ancient times for these reasons. Mechanical contraptions for sewing and other tasks were decried as potentially ruinous to workers in Elizabethan England.

A revolution in warfare where killer robots, or autonomous weapons systems, are common in battlefields is about to start. Both scientists and industry are worried. The world's top artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics companies have used a conference in Melbourne to collectively urge the United Nations to ban killer robots or lethal autonomous weapons.

This paper considers applications of trajectory data in transportation, and makes two primary contributions. First, it provides a comprehensive literature review detailing ways in which trajectory data has been used for transportation systems analysis, distilling existing research into the following six areas: demand estimation, modeling human behavior, designing public transit, measuring and predicting traffic performance, quantifying environmental impact, and safety analysis. Additionally, it presents innovative applications of trajectory data for the state of Maryland, employing visualization and machine learning techniques to extract value from 20 million GPS traces. These visual analytics will be implemented in the Regional Integrated Transportation Information System (RITIS), which provides free data sharing and visual analytics tools to help transportation agencies attain situational awareness, evaluate performance, and share insights with the public.

This work introduces a tensor-based method to perform supervised classification on spatiotemporal data processed in an echo state network. Typically when performing supervised classification tasks on data processed in an echo state network, the entire collection of hidden layer node states from the training dataset is shaped into a matrix, allowing one to use standard linear algebra techniques to train the output layer. However, the collection of hidden layer states is multidimensional in nature, and representing it as a matrix may lead to undesirable numerical conditions or loss of spatial and temporal correlations in the data. This work proposes a tensor-based supervised classification method on echo state network data that preserves and exploits the multidimensional nature of the hidden layer states. The method, which is based on orthogonal Tucker decompositions of tensors, is compared with the standard linear output weight approach in several numerical experiments on both synthetic and natural data. The results show that the tensor-based approach tends to outperform the standard approach in terms of classification accuracy.

Elon Musk and more than 100 leaders and experts in artificial intelligence (AI) have come together urging the UN to commit to an outright ban on killer robot technology. An open letter signed by Musk, Google Deepmind's Mustafa Suleyman, and 114 other AI and robotics specialists urges the UN to prevent "the third revolution in warfare" by banning the development of all lethal autonomous weapon systems. The open letter, released to coincide with the world's largest conference on AI – IJCAI 2017, which is taking place in Melbourne, Australia this week – warns of a near future where independent machines will be able to choose and engage their own targets, including innocent humans in addition to enemy combatants. "Once developed, they will permit armed conflict to be fought at a scale greater than ever, and at timescales faster than humans can comprehend," the consortium writes. "These can be weapons of terror, weapons that despots and terrorists use against innocent populations, and weapons hacked to behave in undesirable ways."

In the immortal words of Stacker Pentecost, "Today we face the monsters that are at our door and bring the fight to them! Today, we are canceling the apocalypse!" Think Roombas with machine guns. Elon Musk has thought about it -- he thinks about it a lot -- and he's leading the charge to make sure the robot-filled apocalypse never gets to our door in the first place. Ahead of United Nations talks on the use on autonomous weapons systems in warfare -- drones, walking tanks with guns for hands, that kind of thing -- Musk and 116 experts from 26 nations signed an open letter urging the UN to create a government panel that can advise and warn where necessary. Once developed, lethal autonomous weapons will permit armed conflict to be fought at a scale greater than ever, and at timescales faster than humans can comprehend.

Xavier University has launched the Xavier Center for Artificial Intelligence, an effort to accelerate the use of artificial intelligence to improve healthcare. "We're bringing together the major global players in artificial intelligence to focus on technology that could transform the healthcare industry," said Marla Phillips, director of Xavier Health, which runs the Center for AI. "We believe the implementation of AI in the healthcare field is needed now more than ever." Xavier Health, formed in 2008, is a center in the College of Professional Sciences charged with making a difference in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries by building bridges between the industries and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The Center for AI is a collaborative effort involving all three of Xavier's colleges – Arts & Sciences, Professional Sciences and the Williams College of Business – presenting new academic opportunities for students across the campus, the center said.

Elon Musk, founder, CEO and lead designer at SpaceX and co-founder of Tesla, speaks at the International Space Station Research and Development Conference in Washington, U.S., July 19, 2017. A revolution in warfare where killer robots, or autonomous weapons systems, are common in battlefields is about to start. Both scientists and industry are worried. The world's top artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics companies have used a conference in Melbourne to collectively urge the United Nations to ban killer robots or lethal autonomous weapons. An open letter by 116 founders of robotics and artificial intelligence companies from 26 countries was launched at the world's biggest artificial intelligence conference, the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI), as the UN delays meeting until later this year to discuss the robot arms race.

President Trump has shifted to a more traditional foreign policy for the conflict in Afghanistan, giving the green light to send additional troops but offering no "blank check." Here are the stories you shouldn't miss today: The nearly 17-year conflict in Afghanistan is America's longest war, one that Donald Trump, as a citizen, had long criticized. Now that he's president, Trump said in a televised address last night, that view has changed. The commander in chief wouldn't provide troop levels or timetables for the open-ended military commitment he's approved, but his advisors are seeking 4,000 more troops, a 50% increase, and increased counter-terrorism operations. "We are not nation-building again," he said.