The Knowledge-Based Editor in Emacs (KBEmacs) is the current demonstration system implemented as part of the Programmer's Apprentice project. KBEmacs is capable of acting as a semiexpert assistant to a person who is writing a program, taking over some parts of the programming task. The abilities of KBEmacs stem directly from a few key AI ideas. However, in many ways KBEmacs does not appear to be an AI system, because its abilities are limited and because (like many applied AI systems) the AI ideas are buried in a large volume of code that has little relevance to AI. The primary goal of this article is to present the AI ideas behind KBEmacs. In addition, the construction of applied AI systems is discussed, in general, using the development of KBEmacs as a case history

The major limitations in building large software have always been (a) its brittleness when confronted by problems that were not foreseen by its builders, and (by the amount of manpower required. The recent history of expert systems, for example highlights how constricting the brittleness and knowledge acquisition bottlenecks are. Moreover, standard software methodology (e.g., working from a detailed "spec") has proven of little use in AI, a field which by definition tackles ill- structured problems. How can these bottlenecks be widened? Attractive, elegant answers have included machine learning, automatic programming, and natural language understanding. But decades of work on such systems have convinced us that each of these approaches has difficulty "scaling up" for want a substantial base of real world knowledge.

The MITRE Corporation is a scientific and technical organization engaged in systems engineering activities, principally in support of the United States Air Force and other government agencies, and primarily in the field of information systems. MITRE is a special kind of engineering organizations. The corporation is a Federal Contract Research Center, a designation covering the handful of independent institutions that perform government sponsored research. It is an independent, nonprofit corporation designed and managed to provide long-term assistance to government agencies in planning, design, procurement, and testing of their information systems.

The fifth Distributed Artificial Intelligence Workshop was held at the Schlumberger-Doll Research Laboratory from October 14 to 17, 1984. It was attended by 20 participants from academic and industrial institutions. As in the past, this workshop was designed as an informal meeting. It included brief research reports from individual groups along with general discussion of questions of common interest. This report summarizes the general discussion and contains summaries of group presentations that have been contributed by individual speakers.

The founding of a new college at Rutgers in 1969 became the occasion for building a strong computer science presence in the University. Livingston College thus provided the home for the newly organized Department of Computer Science (DCS) and for the beginning of computer science research at Rutgers.

The MITRE Corporation is a scientific and technical an acronym for Knowledge-Based System. Subsequently, organization engaged in system engineering activities, Rome Air Development Center took over support of the principally in support of the United States Air Force and project and continues to fund part of our AI research effort. MITRE is a special kind of engineering MITRE's current research is summarized below. The corporation is a Federal Contract Bedford center is supported by 15 Symbolics Lisp machines Research Center, a designation covering the handful netted to two Vax-780 file servers, while the Washington of independent institutions that perform governmentsponsored center is supported by both a classified and an unclassified research. It is an independent, nonprofit corporation facility, with 2 Lambdas and 2 Symbolics Lisp machines designed and m.anagcd to provide long-term assistance respectively netted to Vax-780 file servers.

The enterprise of developing knowledge-based systems is currently witnessing great growth in popularity. The central unity of many such programs is that they interpret knowledge that is explicitly encoded as rules. While rule-based programming comes with certain clear pay-offs, further fundamental advances in research are needed to extend the scope of tasks that can be adequately represented in this fashion. This article is a statement of personal perspective by a researcher interested in fundamental issues in the symbolic representation and organization ok knowledge.

The fact was there were a lot of failures. There I have been assigned the role of survivalist. First I want to were overruns and systems delivered past schedule. This ask, "Has AI paid its way?"... Or to put it another way, is certainly not unique to Naval Electronic System Command. "Have we earned our keep?" I have three answers to that: The most would be systems being acquired for the Yes, yes, and yes.

Tsukuba Expo '85 is huge, interesting, and fun. The Japanese pavilions are plush and well -organized and contain some impressive artificial intelligence demonstrations. The U.S. pavilion is an embarrassment.

The TRW Defense Systems Group develops large man-machine networks that solve problems for government agencies. Because we have been producing first-of- a kind systems like these since the early 1950s, we consider ourselves leaders in the social art of assembling effective teams of diverse experts, and in the engineering art of conceiving and developing networks of interacting machines. Then we found that our well-worked system development techniques did not completely apply, and that our system engineering handbook needed a new chapter on communication between people and machines. We're still writing that chapter, and it won't be finished until we can add some not-yet fully developed artificial intelligence techniques.