Cybersecurity is a manpower constrained market – therefore, the opportunities for artificial intelligence (AI) automation are vast. Frequently, AI is used to make certain defensive aspects of cyber security more wide-reaching and effective. Combating spam and detecting malware are prime examples. On the opposite side, there are many incentives to use AI when attempting to attack vulnerable systems belonging to others. These incentives include the speed of attack, low costs and difficulties attracting skilled staff in an already constrained environment.

THIS week saw something that hasn't happened in decades. Works from 1923, including silent movie The Ten Commandments and Charlie Chaplin's film The Pilgrim, have now entered the public domain. That time is now up.

The global community faces staggering challenges this century. We spent much of the 21st century learning how to get along with each another. According to data collected and analyzed by Harvard cognitive psychologist Steven Pinker, we've made much progress toward that goal, judging from per capita declines in both natural and unnatural deaths worldwide. While the problem of nuclear weapons proliferation remains with us, the 21st century challenges relate to such things as space exploration and the ever-present issue of climate change and the natural disasters associated with it. At the same time, we have made giant strides in methods of addressing nearly any problem one can imagine.

Much as mass electrification enabled the rise of the United States and other advanced economies, so AI is poised to reshape the global order. Forecasts suggest that AI will add a massive $15.7 trillion to the global economy by 2030. Prospects for sustaining global competitiveness are now directly tied to the industrialization of AI. AI and machine learning are predicted to reshape manufacturing, energy management, urban transportation, agricultural production, labor markets, and financial management. Governments that can successfully cultivate a culture of disruptive innovation will be strategically positioned to lead in the twenty-first century.

What's the most important thing for people to know about the full-body exoskeleton from Sarcos Robotics, which can turn an assembly-line worker into a superhero? "We're taking orders," says Sarcos CEO Ben Wolff. The company has been working on this wearable robotics technology since 2000, when engineers in its Salt Lake City headquarters began cobbling together experimental supersoldier suits for the U.S. military. A 2010 proto type, which enabled the wearer to punch through wooden boards, earned the nickname "the Iron Man suit" in homage to the high-tech gear in the eponymous comic book and movies. But that bulky version kept the user tethered to the wall by a power cord--something that would presumably interfere with superhero activities--and the suit remained in R&D.

Contrary to what Silicon Valley would like you to believe, the rise of social computing--using computers to connect people and enable them to interact, collaborate, and communicate--not only happened long before the personal computer era even got underway, but it happened far from California. The PLATO computer system, launched in 1960 at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, was designed to be a platform for online learning, but by the early 1970s it had evolved into something much more, thanks to a growing, enthusiastic user community, many of whom were high school and college students. Within one 12-month stretch between 1973–74, PLATO's users created online message forums, chat rooms, graphical multiplayer games, instant messaging, email, and even early forms of emoji. Why have these early innovations--which disrupt the generally accepted computer history timeline--been largely forgotten? The fact is, they were not forgotten.

Mint asked top company bosses how they see disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain and 5G impacting Indian firms. The IT and digital transformation industry is witnessing exponential growth in the use of cutting-edge digital technologies like Blockchain, 5G, AI, automation, robotics, cybersecurity and IoT. One can expect all these new age technologies to make greater inroads both in the Indian and global markets, in the years ahead. As part of our TechMNxt charter, we are collaborating and co-innovating with our partner ecosystem to derive business value for our customers by leveraging these digital technologies. I believe if companies are pre-emptive in the data protection space, there will be a huge business opportunity for Indian IT players like Tech Mahindra, not just in the European markets but globally too. At Tech Mahindra, we are bullish on 5G and as part of our preparedness for 5G, we are investing in 5G training labs in partnership with global players as well as setting up a training academy. The government of India has been focusing heavily on developing India into a $1 trillion digital economy by 2025. The government's focus on developing digital governance services and Smart Cities by adapting new age technologies like automation, AI, cybersecurity, blockchain and IoT has contributed to the growth of the Indian IT industry in recent times and promises to open additional avenues in the future.

Data science, also known as data-driven decision, is an interdisciplinery field about scientific methods, process and systems to extract knowledge from data in various forms, and take descision based on this knowledge. A data scientist should not only be evaluated only on his/her knowledge on machine learning, but he/she should also have good expertise on statistics. I will try to start from very basics of data science and then slowly move to expert level. Supervised machine learning requires training labeled data. Unsupervised machine learning doesn't required labeled data. "Bias is error introduced in your model due to over simplification of machine learning algorithm." It can lead to underfitting.

Companies must refuse to create artificial intelligence that is unethical and could harm humanity, even if it affects their profits, a senior director at Microsoft UK has said. Hugh Milward, Senior Director of Corporate, External and Legal Affairs, said businesses need to "draw a line" on what is acceptable when developing cutting-edge technology and understand their responsibilities. "Just because something can be done, doesn't mean it should be done," he told the Tech UK Digital Ethics Summit in London. The event heard from leading figures in business and government on how the UK can remain a global leader in building digital services and technology, and discussed how they should be used for the benefits of everyone. "It is essential to build trust in technology such as AI," Milward said.

Chinese science advanced on several fronts in 2018, and this year should see scientists in China reach a number of milestones that will focus the world's attention on their achievements. Here are a few to keep an eye on. Chang'e 4 set to land on dark side of moon'between January 1 and 3' In December, China launched a plan to become the first country to land a probe on the far side of the moon. The Chinese mission, named Chang'e-4, is the fourth robotic iteration in a decade-long endeavour by the country to explore the moon. Chang'e is a reference to the Chinese goddess of the moon.