Government
Learning more about particle collisions with machine learning
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) near Geneva, Switzerland became famous around the world in 2012 with the detection of the Higgs boson. The observation marked a crucial confirmation of the Standard Model of particle physics, which organizes the subatomic particles into groups similar to elements in the periodic table from chemistry. The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory has made many pivotal contributions to the construction and operation of the ATLAS experimental detector at the LHC and to the analysis of signals recorded by the detector that uncover the underlying physics of particle collisions. Argonne is now playing a lead role in the high-luminosity upgrade of the ATLAS detector for operations that are planned to begin in 2027. To that end, a team of Argonne physicists and computational scientists has devised a machine learning-based algorithm that approximates how the present detector would respond to the greatly increased data expected with the upgrade.
Black lawmakers call for ban on police use of facial recognition technology
Two police vehicles with two officers in each car were surrounded and attacked by protesters while trying to direct the crowd away from a street during a protest. LANSING -- Black Democrats in the Michigan House called Wednesday for a ban on the use of facial recognition technology, saying it tends to misidentify people of color. The proposed ban is part of a package of police reform bills proposed by Detroit Democrats and the Michigan Legislative Black Caucus. It goes beyond police reform measures recently called for by Gov. Gretchen Whitmer and Attorney General Dana Nessel, both Democrats, and flies in the face of a recent pledge by another prominent Democrat, Detroit Mayor Mike Duggan, to continue using the technology as a crime-fighting tool. The state representatives called for the ban following a recent incident in which a Black Farmington Hills man was arrested by Detroit Police and held for about 30 hours after he was falsely identified in a retail theft case by facial recognition technology.
Researchers Use AI to Spot Drone Pilots
Law enforcement and military personnel might finally have a way to track malicious drones and prevent millions of dollars in damage thanks to new artificial intelligence research. Academics at Israel's Ben-Gurion University of the Negev have developed a way to locate the operator of a drone by looking at how the airborne vehicle moves. Locating the pilots of malicious drones is a pressing issue. In December 2018, Gatwick Airport had to close its runways to avoid drones flying dangerously close. Officers believed that it was a deliberate attack on the airport.
'Desperation science' slows the hunt for coronavirus drugs
Desperate to solve the deadly conundrum of COVID-19, the world is clamoring for fast answers and solutions from a research system not built for haste. The ironic, and perhaps tragic, result: Scientific shortcuts have slowed understanding of the disease and delayed the ability to find out which drugs help, hurt or have no effect at all. As deaths from the coronavirus relentlessly mounted into the hundreds of thousands, tens of thousands of doctors and patients rushed to use drugs before they could be proved safe or effective. "People had an epidemic in front of them and were not prepared to wait," said Dr. Derek Angus, critical care chief at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. "We made traditional clinical research look so slow and cumbersome."
National Security Commission on AI needs to be more transparent, court rules - FedScoop
A district court ruled that the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence must be more transparent in its work researching AI. The congressionally mandated commission is comprised of current and former government and industry executives who receive government briefings and hold regular meetings. But according to the court, the commission has not complied with the Federal Advisory Committee Act in disclosing its work to the public. The commission, co-chaired by former Deputy Secretary of Defense Robert Work and ex-Google CEO Eric Schmidt, is tasked by the fiscal 2019 National Defense Authorization Act with researching how AI will shape and impact the future of U.S. national security. It will ultimately deliver a final report to Congress in March 2021 before dissolving later that October.
Why Bias in Artificial Intelligence is Bad News for Society
The practice to include Artificial Intelligence in industry application is skyrocketing for a decade now. It is evident since, AI and its constituent applications Machine Learning, computer vision, facial analysis, autonomous vehicles, deep learning form the pillars of modern digital empowerment. The ability to learn the data it is trained up to understand the binary, quantum computation of the world, and make decisions derived from its insights makes AI unique than earlier technologies. Leaders believe that possessing AI-based technologies equate to future industry successes. From healthcare, research, finance, logistics to military, law enforcement department AI holds the key to massive competitive edge and up-gradation with monetary benefits too.
Singapore, in survival mode, looks to reinvent itself. Yet again.
The pandemic is proving to be the ultimate test for Singapore, the tiny city-state that has a reputation for reinventing itself during times of crises. Dismissed in the past as just a "little red dot" on the map, dwarfed by larger neighbors like Malaysia and Indonesia, and with no natural resources to speak of, Singapore has nonetheless transformed itself into one of the richest and most competitive economies in the world. As Singapore's leaders now grapple with what's turning out to be its worst slump since independence in 1965, the ruling party is looking to extend its mandate in Friday's election to help reinvent the economy once again. They're already positioning for a post-COVID-19 world with planned investment in health and biomedical sciences, climate change and artificial intelligence. Crises have been a catalyst for change in the past.
Researchers Use AI to Spot Drone Pilots
Law enforcement and military personnel might finally have a way to track malicious drones and prevent millions of dollars in damage thanks to new artificial intelligence research. Academics at Israel's Ben-Gurion University of the Negev have developed a way to locate the operator of a drone by looking at how the airborne vehicle moves. Locating the pilots of malicious drones is a pressing issue. In December 2018, Gatwick Airport had to close its runways to avoid drones flying dangerously close. Officers believed that it was a deliberate attack on the airport.
Artificial intelligence isn't all about the Terminator, tech sceptics are warned
What is really going on in politics? Arnold Schwarzenegger's Terminator character is a top example of artificial intelligence, according to nearly one-in-five confused Britons. Some 19% believed Arnie's cyborg assassin from the 1984 blockbuster film was a prime illustration of the technology. The revelation stands in stark contrast to Prime Minister Boris Johnson's claim in a speech last week that Britain could "lead the world" in AI. A survey carried out into people's understanding of artificial intelligence lays bare how much work remains to be done.
Decolonial AI: Decolonial Theory as Sociotechnical Foresight in Artificial Intelligence
Mohamed, Shakir, Png, Marie-Therese, Isaac, William
This paper explores the important role of critical science, and in particular of post-colonial and decolonial theories, in understanding and shaping the ongoing advances in artificial intelligence. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is viewed as amongst the technological advances that will reshape modern societies and their relations. Whilst the design and deployment of systems that continually adapt holds the promise of far-reaching positive change, they simultaneously pose significant risks, especially to already vulnerable peoples. Values and power are central to this discussion. Decolonial theories use historical hindsight to explain patterns of power that shape our intellectual, political, economic, and social world. By embedding a decolonial critical approach within its technical practice, AI communities can develop foresight and tactics that can better align research and technology development with established ethical principles, centring vulnerable peoples who continue to bear the brunt of negative impacts of innovation and scientific progress. We highlight problematic applications that are instances of coloniality, and using a decolonial lens, submit three tactics that can form a decolonial field of artificial intelligence: creating a critical technical practice of AI, seeking reverse tutelage and reverse pedagogies, and the renewal of affective and political communities. The years ahead will usher in a wave of new scientific breakthroughs and technologies driven by AI research, making it incumbent upon AI communities to strengthen the social contract through ethical foresight and the multiplicity of intellectual perspectives available to us; ultimately supporting future technologies that enable greater well-being, with the goal of beneficence and justice for all.