Government
Feature Selection from High-Dimensional Data with Very Low Sample Size: A Cautionary Tale
Kuncheva, Ludmila I., Matthews, Clare E., Arnaiz-González, Álvar, Rodríguez, Juan J.
In classification problems, the purpose of feature selection is to identify a small, highly discriminative subset of the original feature set. In many applications, the dataset may have thousands of features and only a few dozens of samples (sometimes termed `wide'). This study is a cautionary tale demonstrating why feature selection in such cases may lead to undesirable results. In view to highlight the sample size issue, we derive the required sample size for declaring two features different. Using an example, we illustrate the heavy dependency between feature set and classifier, which poses a question to classifier-agnostic feature selection methods. However, the choice of a good selector-classifier pair is hampered by the low correlation between estimated and true error rate, as illustrated by another example. While previous studies raising similar issues validate their message with mostly synthetic data, here we carried out an experiment with 20 real datasets. We created an exaggerated scenario whereby we cut a very small portion of the data (10 instances per class) for feature selection and used the rest of the data for testing. The results reinforce the caution and suggest that it may be better to refrain from feature selection from very wide datasets rather than return misleading output to the user.
Deep Fake: Setting the Stage for Next-Gen Social Engineering
Bias and susceptibility were evident during the 2016 US Presidential election and has plagued much of President Trump's first four years in office. The term "fake news," which years ago would have been considered absurd, is now part of our cultural vernacular. Allegations against foreign-state actors interfering with US elections and conspiracy theories related to COVID-19 has divided a culture, communities, friends, and even families. Social media has become a platform that propagates both real and fake news and has confounded the next generation of fact checkers and truth seekers dedicated to vetting accurate content. "Deep Fake" In recent years, the emergence of fake news has brought the concept deep fake to the public spotlight.
Army merges AI and human brain to track and attack targets
Fox News Flash top headlines are here. Check out what's clicking on Foxnews.com. Under heavy enemy fire, a dismounted squad of soldiers encounters incoming sniper fire from a building and rapid movements behind certain windows, when a nearby drone is instantly and automatically tasked with quickly surveilling the area before aggregating data and propagating live-saving, combat-sensitive information directly back to commanders and soldiers. How could it be possible, in a nearly instantaneous fashion, to circumvent or avoid otherwise time-consuming communications channels and procedural impediments to the immediate tasking of an attack drone? One answer, now being explored in cutting edge research by scientists with the Army Research Laboratory, is to measure, process, analyze and transmit electrochemical signals from the human brain.
SpaceX Veterans Pass Milestone in Self-Flying Plane Race
Silicon Valley has been hard at work on the vexing challenge of autonomous cars. Now veterans of SpaceX and Tesla Inc. are announcing what they've been up to: a new startup working on self-flying planes for cargo. Reliable Robotics isn't trying to invent a new kind of aircraft. The idea is to bring autonomous capability to existing planes, starting with smaller aircraft that ferry cargo. In June, with approval from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, Reliable Robotics demonstrated a fully automated remote landing of a Cessna 208 Caravan turboprop owned by FedEx Corp. Co-founder and Chief Executive Officer Robert Rose led flight software at Elon Musk's Space Exploration Technologies Corp., then led the early Autopilot program at Tesla Inc. before joining Google.
QCI Appoints Former Boeing Executive, James B. Davis
Quantum Computing Inc (QCI), a technology leader in quantum-ready applications and tools, has appointed former Boeing vice president and manufacturing operations expert, James B. Davis, to its technical advisory board. Davis brings to the board more than 30 years of experience in aerospace industrial engineering and manufacturing, with 20 years in executive roles of director level and above at The Boeing Company, serving in its Commercial Aircraft and Space & Defense business segments. As vice president of Boeing's 737 manufacturing operations, he led the industrial engineering, materials management (supply chain) and manufacturing teams responsible for the production of 42 aircraft per month, including the P-8 version of the 737 for the U.S. Navy and global government customers. "Jim's extensive experience in manufacturing and supply chain logistics will help advance our go-to-market strategy for applying quantum computing solutions to these key areas of our global economy," commented QCI CEO, Robert Liscouski. "The knowledge and skills he acquired during his many years at Boeing will enable us to better understand high value optimization problems involved in these areas, and also how to best present our software capabilities as large industrial manufacturers look to quantum computing to solve some of their most challenging operational problems."
White House makes a new research push on AI and quantum computing
The White House this morning announced over $1 billion to establish 12 new federal research centers dedicated to AI and quantum sciences. Why it matters: The two fields are among the most important in emerging technology, and the new initiative will help the U.S. assert its international leadership in an increasingly competitive field that will impact everything from national security to climate change. Details: The Department of Energy will move up to $625 million over the next five years to five existing national laboratories to create research centers dedicated to quantum science and computing, with an additional $300 million coming from the private sector and academia. What they're saying: "The future of American prosperity and national security will be shaped by how we invest, research, develop and deploy these cutting-edge technologies today," said U.S. chief technology officer Michael Kratsios. Of note: The new initiative comes on the heels of the establishment last month of three NSF centers dedicated to quantum information science.
NSF Advances AI Research with New Nationwide Institutes
The U.S. National Science Foundation is establishing new artificial intelligence institutes to accelerate research, expand America's workforce, and transform society in the decades to come. Enabled by sustained federal investment and channeled toward issues of national importance, continued advancement in AI research holds the potential for further economic impact and improvements in quality of life. With an investment of over $100 million over the next five years, NSF's Artificial Intelligence Institutes represent the nation's most significant federal investment in AI research and workforce development to date. The $20 million investment in each of five NSF AI institutes is just the beginning, with more institute announcements anticipated in the coming years. "NSF's long history of investment in AI research and workforce development paved the way for many of the breakthrough commercial technologies permeating and driving society today," said NSF Director Sethuraman Panchanathan.
What are the limits of deep learning?
The much-ballyhooed artificial intelligence approach boasts impressive feats but still falls short of human brainpower. Researchers are determined to figure out what's missing. Yet the artificial intelligence (AI) identifies it as a toaster, even though it was trained with the same powerful and oft-publicized deep-learning techniques that have produced a white-hot revolution in driverless cars, speech understanding, and a multitude of other AI applications. That means the AI was shown several thousand photos of bananas, slugs, snails, and similar-looking objects, like so many flash cards, and then drilled on the answers until it had the classification down cold. And yet this advanced system was quite easily confused -- all it took was a little day-glow sticker, digitally pasted in one corner of the image.
Video game superpower 'Call of Duty: Black Ops' embraces its history and returns to Cold War in newest episode
The next Call of Duty video game returns to the setting of the original Black Ops, when Cold War intrigue dominated global relations. Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War, out Nov. 13, will be available for Sony PlayStation 4, Xbox One and PCs on Battle.net The action takes place during the Cold War in 1981, which was "a year that saw two global superpowers locked in a nuclear arms race, conspiracies about presidential elections, illegal military operations on both sides, the paranoia of spies living next door, and looming over all of this was the fear and shadow of World War III," said Dan Vondrak, creative developer at Raven Software. Nintendo Switch:Popular game consoles are finally back in stock--here's where to get one Summer games:Coronavirus-curbed video gamers are falling for'Fall Guys' and other diversions Raven worked on all previous Black Ops games and, for the new game, teamed up with another Activision-owned studio Treyarch, which has spearheaded the previous Black Ops releases. Black Ops Cold War is a direct sequel to the original Black Ops, which was set in the Sixties and included action in Cuba and the Vietnam War.
Microscopic robots 'walk' thanks to laser tech
These robots, roughly the size of paramecium, provide a template for building even more complex versions that utilize silicon-based intelligence, can be mass produced, and may someday travel through human tissue and blood. The collaboration is led by Itai Cohen, professor of physics, Paul McEuen, the John A. Newman Professor of Physical Science and their former postdoctoral researcher Marc Miskin, who is now an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania. The walking robots are the latest iteration, and in many ways an evolution, of Cohen and McEuen's previous nanoscale creations, from microscopic sensors to graphene-based origami machines. The new robots are about 5 microns thick (a micron is one-millionth of a meter), 40 microns wide and range from 40 to 70 microns in length. Each bot consists of a simple circuit made from silicon photovoltaics -- which essentially functions as the torso and brain -- and four electrochemical actuators that function as legs.