Scientists at Case Western Reserve University have used artificial intelligence (AI) to identify new biomarkers for breast cancer that can predict whether the cancer will return after treatment -- and which can be identified from routinely acquired tissue biopsy samples of early-stage breast cancer. The key to that initial determination is collagen, a common protein found throughout the body, including in breast tissue. Previous research had suggested that the collagen network, or arrangement of the fibers, relates strongly to breast cancer aggressiveness. But this work by Case Western Reserve researchers definitively demonstrated collagen's critical role -- using only standard tissue biopsy slides and AI. The researchers, using machine-learning technology to analyze a dataset of digitized tissue samples from breast cancer patients, were able to prove that a well-ordered arrangement of collagen is a key prognostic biomarker for an aggressive tumor and a likely recurrence.

Last week, NASA's Perseverance rover shot for a new milestone in the search for extraterrestrial life: Drilling into Mars to extract a plug of rock, which will eventually get fired back to Earth for scientists to study. Data sent to NASA scientists early on August 6 indicated a victory--the robot had indeed drilled into the Red Planet, and a photo even showed a dust pile around the borehole. "What followed later in the morning was a rollercoaster of emotions," wrote Louise Jandura, chief engineer for sampling and caching at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, in a blog post yesterday describing the attempt. While data indicated that Perseverance had transferred a sample tube into its belly for storage, that tube was in fact empty. "It took a few minutes for this reality to sink in but the team quickly transitioned to investigation mode," Jandura wrote.

NASA's Ingenuity made history as the first powered vehicle to fly on another planet and with this great success, the space agency is already looking to design its predecessor that aims to be bigger and better. The roboticists at NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory have been sketching out what they call the Mars Science Helicopter (MSH), a 66-pound hexacopter capable of collecting samples from the Red Planet. Ingenuity, on the other hand, weighs just four pounds and features only two rotors. Unlike Ingenuity, which is a scout for the Perseverance rover, MSH would carry and deploy scientific payloads and be given its own formation on Mars to explore for ancient signs of life. On Earth, minerals found at sites similar to Mawrth Vallis preserve organic material – and that is what NASA hopes to find on Mars.

Perhaps, the biggest beneficiary of big data is the field of AI. Together, both these technologies can take psychometric profiling to the next level. Studying the impact of AI and big data in psychometrics is crucial to make future improvements in the field. The sheer number of areas in which involving psychometric evaluation can make a difference is truly mind-boggling. From assessing job-seeking candidates during recruitment to contesting a nationwide election, from marketing to law enforcement, psychometric assessments play a big part in understanding the pulse of a large crowd or the defining character traits of an individual.

Writing in the July 12, 2021 online issue of Nature Communications, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine describe a new approach that uses machine learning to hunt for disease targets and then predicts whether a drug is likely to receive FDA approval. The study findings could measurably change how researchers sift through big data to find meaningful information with significant benefit to patients, the pharmaceutical industry and the nation's health care systems. "Academic labs and pharmaceutical and biotech companies have access to unlimited amounts of'big data' and better tools than ever to analyze such data. However, despite these incredible advances in technology, the success rates in drug discovery are lower today than in the 1970s," said Pradipta Ghosh, MD, senior author of the study and professor in the departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine at UC San Diego School of Medicine. "This is mostly because drugs that work perfectly in preclinical inbred models, such as laboratory mice, that are genetically or otherwise identical to each other, don't translate to patients in the clinic, where each individual and their disease is unique. It is this variability in the clinic that is believed to be the Achilles heel for any drug discovery program."

The digital world is growing exponentially as time passes. And as it is expanding, we are discovering its true potential and value. But the yin and yang concept is also prevalent in the internet domain. So, there's evil in good here too, as cyberattacks loom over everything digital. Where machine learning was utilized in cyber security to spot similar malware and malicious links, instead with cyber crime it's wont to evade filters, bypass CAPTCHA checks, and generate targeted phishing emails.

When it comes to managing artificial intelligence, there is no shortage of principles and concepts aiming to support fair and responsible use. But organizations and their leaders are often left scratching their heads when facing hard questions about how to responsibly manage and deploy AI systems today. That's why, at the U.S. Government Accountability Office, we've recently developed the federal government's first framework to help assure accountability and responsible use of AI systems. The framework defines the basic conditions for accountability throughout the entire AI life cycle -- from design and development to deployment and monitoring. It also lays out specific questions to ask, and audit procedures to use, when assessing AI systems along the following four dimensions: 1) governance, 2) data, 3) performance, and 4) monitoring.

Largely controlled by computer modules, semiconductors and software, today's vehicles are more akin to smartphones than the rolling containers of mechanical parts of the past. The increasing dependence on sophisticated electronics and sensors is vastly improving vehicle performance, safety and amenities for drivers and passengers as well as creating networks of so-called "connected vehicles." To show how complexity is growing, a published report on vehicle cybersecurity reveals autonomous vehicles contain between 300 million to 500 million lines of software code. Compare that to a Boeing 787 Dreamliner commercial jet with 15 million or a premium car such as a Mercedes C-Class with 100 million lines of code. And it is not just vehicle complexity.

At a nondescript building near downtown Chicago, Marc Gyongyosi along with also the small but growing team of IFM/Onetrack.AI have a single principle that rules them: think easy. The words have been written in easy ribbon on a simple sheet of paper that is stuck into a back upstairs wall of the industrial two-story workspace. Sitting at his desk, situated near an oft-used ping-pong table along with prototypes of drones out of his school days suspended overhead, Gyongyosi throws some keys on a notebook to pull grainy video footage of a forklift driver running his car in a warehouse. It had been seized from overhead courtesy of a Onetrack. Artificial intellect is impacting the potential of virtually every business and every individual being. Artificial intelligence has acted as the primary catalyst of emerging technologies such as large statistics, robotics and IoT, and it'll continue to function as a technological innovator for the near future.

The climate crisis is becoming more urgent and more serious, with increasingly extreme events happening more often. Ban Ki-moon, former Secretary-General of the United Nations, cited the example of the current heatwave driving record temperatures in Siberia (Russian Federation), the United States and Canada. Globally, climate change is driving conflict and refugee flows, while growing numbers of species are at risk of extinction as ecosystems collapse, he noted at an AI for Good webinar hosted by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) on 7 July. Nearly 37 per cent of heat exposure around the world between 1991 and 2018 could be attributed to global warming caused by humans, Ban added, citing research published in Nature. Rising sea levels threaten the existence of many small island developing states, as well as some of world's largest and most important cities, both rich and poor.