The United States has announced its latest round of sanctions against Iranian drone and missile production, this time focusing on firms and individuals who allegedly procured equipment for Tehran's drone programme. In a statement on Tuesday, the US Department of the Treasury said the targeted "procurement network" operates on behalf of Iran's Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (MODAFL), which oversees firms involved in developing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and ballistic missiles. The latest sanctions came as US officials continued to accuse Iran of supplying Russia with drones for its invasion of Ukraine, which began on February 24, 2022. The European Union has also targeted Iran's drone industry with sanctions. "Iran's well-documented proliferation of UAVs and conventional weapons to its proxies continues to undermine both regional security and global stability," Brian Nelson, the undersecretary for terrorism and financial intelligence at the US Treasury, said in a statement.

Fox News Flash top headlines are here. Check out what's clicking on Foxnews.com. The United States said Tuesday it is imposing a new round of sanctions on Iranian firms and people accused of procuring equipment used for Iranian drones. Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control coordinated with the FBI to designate four firms and three people in Iran and Turkey for allegedly buying equipment, including European-made engines, to be used for Iran's drone and weapons programs. Those targeted for sanctions include the Iran-based Defense Technology and Science Research Center, its procurement firm Farazan Industrial Engineering Inc. and two other firms along with purchasing agents from the companies.

A new study has found that Fourier analysis, a mathematical technique that has been around for 200 years, can be used to reveal important information about how deep neural networks learn to perform complex physics tasks, such as climate and turbulence modeling. This research highlights the potential of Fourier analysis as a tool for gaining insights into the inner workings of artificial intelligence and could have significant implications for the development of more effective machine learning algorithms. Fourier transformations reveal how deep neural network learns complex physics. One of the oldest tools in computational physics -- a 200-year-old mathematical technique known as Fourier analysis -- can reveal crucial information about how a form of artificial intelligence called a deep neural network learns to perform tasks involving complex physics like climate and turbulence modeling, according to a new study. The discovery by mechanical engineering researchers at Rice University is described in an open-access study published in the journal PNAS Nexus, a sister publication of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said in a recent interview with ABC News that he's a "little bit scared" of artificial intelligence technology and how it could affect the workforce, elections and the spread of disinformation. OpenAI developed the ChatGPT bot, which creates human-like answers to questions and ignited a new AI craze. "I think people really have fun with [ChatGPT]," Altman said in the interview. But his excitement over the transformative potential of AI technology, which Altman said will eventually reflect "the collective power, and creativity, and will of humanity," was balanced by his concerns about "authoritarian regimes" developing competing AI technology. "We do worry a lot about authoritarian governments developing this," Altman said.

Koopman operator theory has proven to be a promising approach to nonlinear system identification and global linearization. For nearly a century, there had been no efficient means of calculating the Koopman operator for applied engineering purposes. The introduction of a recent computationally efficient method in the context of fluid dynamics, which is based on the system dynamics decomposition to a set of normal modes in descending order, has overcome this long-lasting computational obstacle. The purely data-driven nature of Koopman operators holds the promise of capturing unknown and complex dynamics for reduced-order model generation and system identification, through which the rich machinery of linear control techniques can be utilized. Given the ongoing development of this research area and the many existing open problems in the fields of smart mobility and vehicle engineering, a survey of techniques and open challenges of applying Koopman operator theory to this vibrant area is warranted. This review focuses on the various solutions of the Koopman operator which have emerged in recent years, particularly those focusing on mobility applications, ranging from characterization and component-level control operations to vehicle performance and fleet management. Moreover, this comprehensive review of over 100 research papers highlights the breadth of ways Koopman operator theory has been applied to various vehicular applications with a detailed categorization of the applied Koopman operator-based algorithm type. Furthermore, this review paper discusses theoretical aspects of Koopman operator theory that have been largely neglected by the smart mobility and vehicle engineering community and yet have large potential for contributing to solving open problems in these areas.

As Machine Learning (ML) gains adoption across industries and new use cases, practitioners increasingly realize the challenges around effectively developing and iterating on ML systems: reproducibility, debugging, scalability, and documentation are elusive goals for real-world pipelines outside tech-first companies. In this paper, we review the nature of ML-oriented workloads and argue that re-purposing existing tools won't solve the current productivity issues, as ML peculiarities warrant specialized development tooling. We then introduce Metaflow, an open-source framework for ML projects explicitly designed to boost the productivity of data practitioners by abstracting away the execution of ML code from the definition of the business logic. We show how our design addresses the main challenges in ML operations (MLOps), and document through examples, interviews and use cases its practical impact on the field.

In recent years there has been a growing demand from financial agents, especially from particular and institutional investors, for companies to report on climate-related financial risks. A vast amount of information, in text format, can be expected to be disclosed in the short term by firms in order to identify these types of risks in their financial and non financial reports, particularly in response to the growing regulation that is being passed on the matter. To this end, this paper applies state-of-the-art NLP techniques to achieve the detection of climate change in text corpora. We use transfer learning to fine-tune two transformer models, BERT and ClimateBert -a recently published DistillRoBERTa-based model that has been specifically tailored for climate text classification-. These two algorithms are based on the transformer architecture which enables learning the contextual relationships between words in a text. We carry out the fine-tuning process of both models on the novel Clima-Text database, consisting of data collected from Wikipedia, 10K Files Reports and web-based claims. Our text classification model obtained from the ClimateBert fine-tuning process on ClimaText, outperforms the models created with BERT and the current state-of-the-art transformer in this particular problem. Our study is the first one to implement on the ClimaText database the recently published ClimateBert algorithm. Based on our results, it can be said that ClimateBert fine-tuned on ClimaText is an outstanding tool within the NLP pre-trained transformer models that may and should be used by investors, institutional agents and companies themselves to monitor the disclosure of climate risk in financial reports. In addition, our transfer learning methodology is cheap in computational terms, thus allowing any organization to perform it.

Machine learning models have made many decision support systems to be faster, more accurate, and more efficient. However, applications of machine learning in network security face a more disproportionate threat of active adversarial attacks compared to other domains. This is because machine learning applications in network security such as malware detection, intrusion detection, and spam filtering are by themselves adversarial in nature. In what could be considered an arm's race between attackers and defenders, adversaries constantly probe machine learning systems with inputs that are explicitly designed to bypass the system and induce a wrong prediction. In this survey, we first provide a taxonomy of machine learning techniques, tasks, and depth. We then introduce a classification of machine learning in network security applications. Next, we examine various adversarial attacks against machine learning in network security and introduce two classification approaches for adversarial attacks in network security. First, we classify adversarial attacks in network security based on a taxonomy of network security applications. Secondly, we categorize adversarial attacks in network security into a problem space vs feature space dimensional classification model. We then analyze the various defenses against adversarial attacks on machine learning-based network security applications. We conclude by introducing an adversarial risk grid map and evaluating several existing adversarial attacks against machine learning in network security using the risk grid map. We also identify where each attack classification resides within the adversarial risk grid map.

The prompt estimation of traffic incident impacts can guide commuters in their trip planning and improve the resilience of transportation agencies' decision-making on resilience. However, it is more challenging than node-level and graph-level forecasting tasks, as it requires extracting the anomaly subgraph or sub-time-series from dynamic graphs. In this paper, we propose DG-Trans, a novel traffic incident impact prediction framework, to foresee the impact of traffic incidents through dynamic graph learning. The proposed framework contains a dual-level spatial transformer and an importance-score-based temporal transformer, and the performance of this framework is justified by two newly constructed benchmark datasets. The dual-level spatial transformer removes unnecessary edges between nodes to isolate the affected subgraph from the other nodes. Meanwhile, the importance-score-based temporal transformer identifies abnormal changes in node features, causing the predictions to rely more on measurement changes after the incident occurs. Therefore, DG-Trans is equipped with dual abilities that extract spatiotemporal dependency and identify anomaly nodes affected by incidents while removing noise introduced by benign nodes. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets verify that DG-Trans outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods, especially in extracting spatiotemporal dependency patterns and predicting traffic accident impacts. It offers promising potential for traffic incident management systems.

People who share similar opinions towards controversial topics could form an echo chamber and may share similar political views toward other topics as well. The existence of such connections, which we call connected behavior, gives researchers a unique opportunity to predict how one would behave for a future event given their past behaviors. In this work, we propose a framework to conduct connected behavior analysis. Neural stance detection models are trained on Twitter data collected on three seemingly independent topics, i.e., wearing a mask, racial equality, and Trump, to detect people's stance, which we consider as their online behavior in each topic-related event. Our results reveal a strong connection between the stances toward the three topical events and demonstrate the power of past behaviors in predicting one's future behavior.