Low-Resource Languages (LRLs) present significant challenges in natural language processing due to their limited linguistic resources and underrepresentation in standard datasets. While recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Neural Machine Translation (NMT) have substantially improved translation capabilities for high-resource languages, performance disparities persist for LRLs, particularly impacting privacy-sensitive and resource-constrained scenarios. This paper systematically evaluates the limitations of current LLMs across 200 languages using benchmarks such as FLORES-200. We also explore alternative data sources, including news articles and bilingual dictionaries, and demonstrate how knowledge distillation from large pre-trained models can significantly improve smaller LRL translations. Additionally, we investigate various fine-tuning strategies, revealing that incremental enhancements markedly reduce performance gaps on smaller LLMs.

In an age where information spreads rapidly across social media, effectively identifying influential nodes in dynamic networks is critical. Traditional influence maximization strategies often fail to keep up with rapidly evolving relationships and structures, leading to missed opportunities and inefficiencies. To address this, we propose a novel learning-based approach integrating Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) models. This hybrid framework captures both structural and temporal dynamics, enabling accurate prediction of candidate nodes for seed set selection. The bidirectional nature of BiLSTM allows our model to analyze patterns from both past and future network states, ensuring adaptability to changes over time. By dynamically adapting to graph evolution at each time snapshot, our approach improves seed set calculation efficiency, achieving an average of 90% accuracy in predicting potential seed nodes across diverse networks. This significantly reduces computational overhead by optimizing the number of nodes evaluated for seed selection. Our method is particularly effective in fields like viral marketing and social network analysis, where understanding temporal dynamics is crucial.

Russian drones have struck Ukraine's eastern city of Kharkiv, killing two people and wounding dozens, the city's mayor Ihor Terekhov has said. "For the second time in a week, the enemy launched a combined attack, launching seven'Shaheed' at residential areas, hospitals, and the city's infrastructure," Terekhov said in a Telegram message on Sunday, referring to Iranian-made Shahed drones. The swarm of drones also targeted a military hospital, a shopping centre and apartment blocks, he said. Five of the 35 people wounded in the attack overnight were children. At least 13 have been hospitalised, including a teenage girl who is in serious condition.

Muslims around the world have begun celebrating Eid al-Fitr, one of the biggest celebrations in the Islamic calendar. Eid al-Fitr - which means "festival of the breaking of the fast" - is celebrated at the end of Ramadan, a month of fasting for many adults, as well as spiritual reflection and prayer.ReutersHere in Moscow, worshippers are seen preparing for prayer.ReutersHundreds took part in prayers at Tononoka grounds, in Mombasa, KenyaGetty ImagesPrayers were also observed at a stadium in Port Sudan in the east of the countryGetty ImagesLittle children joined adults at the Moskee Essalam in Rotterdam, NetherlandsGetty ImagesGifts are handed out to Muslim children in Lviv, Ukraine, as Russia's war on the country continuesReuters Palestinians in Jabaliya in the northern Gaza Strip pray amidst the rubble of a mosque destroyed in the current war between Israel and HamasGetty ImagesFamilies gather at al-Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem - the third holiest site in IslamReutersA boy yawns during prayers at a stadium in QatarEPAMuslims greet each-other at Martim Moniz Square in Lisbon, PortugalGetty ImagesWomen worshippers gather in Burgess Park, London, for an outdoor prayerEPAThere were also worshippers gathered outside Plebiscito Square in Naples, ItalyReutersSome women took pictures after attending prayers at the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque in Istanbul, TurkeyGetty ImagesAfghan refugees pray at a mosque on the outskirts of Peshawar, PakistanMiddle EastEuropeEid al-FitrReligionIslamRelated'I was afraid for my life': At the scene of the attack on Palestinian Oscar winner 5 days agoMiddle EastMore8 hrs ago'In Bradford, families spend thousands on new clothes for Eid' Muslims spend large amounts in Bradford's supermarkets, clothes shops and other services before Eid.8 hrs agoEngland1 day ago The tourist has received an award from the city's mayor after restraining a man during a stabbing.1 day agoEurope1 day ago Another 21 people are injured, as a restaurant and several buildings are set ablaze in the city, local officials say.1 day agoWorld1 day ago Town's successful Ramadan lights project expanded A Scunthorpe community group says it has seen an "amazing" response to its lights display.1 day agoLincolnshire1 day ago Bishop says school that changed Easter events'valued' The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.

From H. G. Wells's The Time Machine to Christopher Nolan's Interstellar, the possibility of travelling through time has fascinated people for centuries. But, although it sounds like pure science fiction, physicists now believe that time travel really is possible. In fact, scientists say that people have already done it. But, before you start to plan your trip to ancient Rome, the experts caution that real time travel is nothing like what you see in the movies. It might seem obvious, but here on Earth, we all move through time at a speed of one second per second.

Fox News contributor Dan Hoffman joins'Fox & Friends' to discuss Ukraine's claims that Russia has violated the partial ceasefire deal and Putin's threat to Trump over his effort to acquire Greenland. Two people were killed and 35 others were injured after a Russian drone attack struck a military hospital and shopping center in Ukraine late Saturday night, Ukrainian officials say. Regional Gov. Oleh Syniehubov condemned the attack on Kharkiv in a statement on Sunday, saying a 67-year-old man and a 70-year-old woman were killed. The attack comes as Russia's aggression in Ukraine shows no signs of stopping despite efforts by President Donald Trump's administration to speed along peace talks. Ukraine says that many of the casualties were servicemen undergoing treatment at the military hospital.

Data generated in perturbation experiments link perturbations to the changes they elicit and therefore contain information relevant to numerous biological discovery tasks -- from understanding the relationships between biological entities to developing therapeutics. However, these data encompass diverse perturbations and readouts, and the complex dependence of experimental outcomes on their biological context makes it challenging to integrate insights across experiments. Here, we present the Large Perturbation Model (LPM), a deep-learning model that integrates multiple, heterogeneous perturbation experiments by representing perturbation, readout, and context as disentangled dimensions. LPM outperforms existing methods across multiple biological discovery tasks, including in predicting post-perturbation transcriptomes of unseen experiments, identifying shared molecular mechanisms of action between chemical and genetic perturbations, and facilitating the inference of gene-gene interaction networks.

-- Online hate speech can harmfully impact individuals and groups, specifically on non - moderated platforms such as 4chan where users can post anonymous content. This work focuses on analy s ing and measuring the prevalence of online hat e on 4chan's politically incorrect board (/pol/) using state - of - the - art Natural Language Processing (NLP) models, specifically transformer - based models such as RoBERTa and Detoxify . By leveraging these advanced models, we provide an in - depth analysis of hate speech dynamics and quantify the extent of online hate non - moderated platforms. The study advances understanding through multi - class classification of hate speech (racism, sexism, religion, etc.), while also incorporating the classification of toxic content (e.g., identity attacks and threats) and a further topic modelling analysis. The results show that 11.20% of this dataset is identified as containing hate in different categories. These evaluations show that online hate is manifested in various forms, confirming the complicated and volatile nature of detection in the wild. Index Terms -- Hate speech, machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), online hate, toxicity analysis. INTRODUCTION H E SPREAD of hate speech on online platforms has become a serious problem in our society. As digital communication becomes ubiquitous, platforms like 4chan, known for their anonymity and minimal moderation, have become hotspots for this harmful behaviour . This is particularly evident on its politically incorrect board, /pol/, a notorious board dedicated to discussing politics and current events, often associated with hate speech, extremist content, and conspiracy theories [1] . The anonymity provided by these platforms often encourages users to express extreme ideologies [2] . This issue raises significant concerns about the impact on at - risk and vulnerable groups as it can cause real - world harm, including psychological trauma. Therefore, a systematic approach is needed to measure and understand the prevalence and forms of online hate. Received 28 August 2024; revised 23 December 2024, 10 February 2025, and 6 March 2025; accepted 6 March 2025. This work is supported by the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), through the Strategic Priority Fund as part of the Protecting Citizens Online programme (AGENCY: Assuring Citizen Agency in a World with Complex Online Harms, EP/W032481/2).

I) Introduction Do robots vote? Do machines make decisions instead of us? No, (at least not yet), but this is something that could happen . At the most important level, that of the electoral process, it is noted that it is not determined by the AI, but it is greatly impacted by its multiple applications . New types of online campaigns, driven by AI applications, are replacing traditional ones. The potential for manipulating voters and indirectly influencing the electoral outcome should not be underestimated. Certainly, instances of voter manipulation are not absent from traditional political campaigns, with the only difference being that digital manipulation is often carried out without our knowledge, e.g. by monitoring our behavior on social media. Nevertheless, we should not overlook the positive impact that AI has in the upgrading of democratic institutions by providing a forum for participation in decision - making . In this context, as a first step, we look into the potential jeopardization of democratic processes posed by the use of AI tools. Secondly, we consider the possibility of strengthening democratic processes by using AI, as well as the democratization of AI itself through the possibilities it offers. And thirdly, the impact of AI on the representative system is also discussed. The paper is concluded with recommendations and conclusions. II) Risks posed for democracy Misuse of AI tools can lead to the undermining of democratic political processes or the manipulation of individuals through specific targeting, which will destabilize democracy.

A fundamental task in AI is providing performance guarantees for predictions made in unseen domains. In practice, there can be substantial uncertainty about the distribution of new data, and corresponding variability in the performance of existing predictors. Building on the theory of partial identification and transportability, this paper introduces new results for bounding the value of a functional of the target distribution, such as the generalization error of a classifier, given data from source domains and assumptions about the data generating mechanisms, encoded in causal diagrams. Our contribution is to provide the first general estimation technique for transportability problems, adapting existing parameterization schemes such Neural Causal Models to encode the structural constraints necessary for cross-population inference. We demonstrate the expressiveness and consistency of this procedure and further propose a gradient-based optimization scheme for making scalable inferences in practice. Our results are corroborated with experiments.