These startups are applying AI to discover new drugs, remotely monitor patients, securely transfer patient data, and more. Healthcare has become a crucial area for artificial intelligence research and applications. Startups in the space are leveraging AI technology to help individual consumers, clinicians, and hospital systems improve everything from fitness to clinical trials to diagnostics. For example, consumers are adopting virtual assistants to inquire about symptoms and using applications to track fitness metrics. Meanwhile, radiologists are using computer vision to discern between malignant and benign cells, while hospital systems are deploying AI-driven software to analyze the financial risk of individual patients on behalf of insurers.

There are currently no FDA-approved blood tests for mental health conditions. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) biomarkers have been identified in the blood samples of veterans with 77% accuracy using an artificial intelligence (AI) tool. The study, led by New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command (USAMRDC), analysed 28 genomic, metabolic and protein biomarkers. The biomarkers with the strongest ties to PTSD included the activity levels of certain genes, amounts of key proteins in the blood, levels of metabolites involved in energy processing, and levels of circulating microRNAs. For the study, samples were taken from 83 male, warzone-exposed veterans with confirmed PTSD, and 82 warzone-exposed veterans who did not have the condition.

Admitted patients often have to wait a number of hours for a radiologist to review their chest X-ray, even though it may be marked as urgent or STAT. That's because way too many are marked as such in most clinics. Pneumothorax, or collapsed lung, can go unnoticed in the meantime, leading to a dangerous amount of time to wait while inside the hospital. GE Healthcare's Critical Care Suite automatically processes chest scans right on the X-ray machine and flags those where it detects potential signs of pneumothorax. The attending radiologist immediately gets a copy of the scan via the hospital's PACS system and the technologist performing the scan is alerted as well, to help make sure that the patient is triaged properly.

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You could be forgiven for thinking that AI will soon replace human physicians based on headlines such as "The AI Doctor Will See You Now," "Your Future Doctor May Not Be Human," and "This AI Just Beat Human Doctors on a Clinical Exam." But experts say the reality is more of a collaboration than an ousting: Patients could soon find their lives partly in the hands of AI services working alongside human clinicians. There is no shortage of optimism about AI in the medical community. But many also caution the hype surrounding AI has yet to be realized in real clinical settings. There are also different visions for how AI services could make the biggest impact.

Last year, IDx-DR became the first-ever so-called "autonomous AI" system cleared by the FDA to provide a screening decision without the oversight of a doctor. Since then, IDx Technologies, the company behind the product, has begun to roll out this tool designed to detect diabetic retinopathy. Over 30 million people are living with diabetes in the US alone. "The disease itself is bad," said Michael Abramoff, a University of Iowa ophthalmologist and computer scientist, "but the complications make it even worse." One of those complications is diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of blindness in American adults.

GE Healthcare has received 510(k) clearance for AI algorithms designed to detect a type of collapsed lung on x-ray images, the company said Thursday. The FDA clearance covers a set of algorithms that GE has embedded in its Optima XR240amx mobile x-ray device, thereby enabling hospitals to access AI capabilities without investing in IT infrastructure. GE, which claims the system is the first AI-powered x-ray device, said the technology will help hospitals identify high-priority cases and fast track their treatment. Turnaround times for chest x-rays vary significantly, even within healthcare institutions. A retrospective chart review conducted in 2018 showed that out of 1,000 chest x-rays ordered with STAT priority, 38% of studies did not indicate clinical urgency, suggesting the status is overused.

AI and machine learning is expected to play a big role in radiology and medical imaging as algorithms speed up the review process.

The Food and Drug Administration has cleared a new artificial intelligence-powered X-ray device that maker GE Healthcare says reduces the time to detect a collapsed lung from eight hours to as little as 15 minutes, the company announced Thursday. The device, called the Critical Care Suite, uses AI algorithms to scan X-ray images and detect pneumothorax, a deadly condition more commonly known as a collapsed lung that affects roughly 74,000 Americans each year. "The health-care industry is producing huge amounts of data from images to digital health records," GE Healthcare CEO Kieran Murphy said in an interview with CNBC ahead of the announcement. "We strongly believe that you have to turn that data into information and insight to improve outcomes." GE Healthcare, a dominant player in hospital and lab equipment, said its goal is to integrate AI into every aspect of the health-care system to ultimately "improve patient outcomes, reduce waste and inefficiencies, and eliminate costly errors."

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted 510(k) clearance to GE Healthcare's Critical Care Suite -- a collection of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms embedded on a mobile X-ray device, the healthcare business division of GE announced today. Using GE Healthcare's Edison platform, the AI aims to help reduce the turnaround time it takes radiologists to review suspected pneumothorax, a type of collapsed lung. "By integrating AI into every aspect of care, we will ultimately improve patient outcomes, reduce waste and inefficiencies and eliminate costly errors," said Kieran Murphy, president and CEO of GE Healthcare. If a patient is scanned on a device with Critical Care Suite, it will automatically analyze the images by searching for a pneumothorax, GE Healthcare claims. If suspected, an alert with the original X-ray is sent straight to the radiologist to review.