Energy
Want to cut greenhouse gas emissions? Look to digital technologies
Tackling climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Over the next decade, the technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) – particularly 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) – will provide essential tools for increasing efficiency in the economy and preparing for a post-fossil fuel society. Last year, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change delivered its special report on the effects of global warming of 1.5 C and above. The report clearly lays out the difference between 1.5 C and 2 C warming and emphasizes the urgent need to avoid crossing tipping points in Earth's life support systems. To give us a chance to limit global warming to this level, global greenhouse gas emissions must peak by 2020 and then fall by half every decade, corresponding to 7% annual reductions as a global average.
Want to cut greenhouse gas emissions? Look to digital technologies
Tackling climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Over the next decade, the technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) – particularly 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) – will provide essential tools for increasing efficiency in the economy and preparing for a post-fossil fuel society. Last year, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change delivered its special report on the effects of global warming of 1.5 C and above. The report clearly lays out the difference between 1.5 C and 2 C warming and emphasizes the urgent need to avoid crossing tipping points in Earth's life support systems. To give us a chance to limit global warming to this level, global greenhouse gas emissions must peak by 2020 and then fall by half every decade, corresponding to 7% annual reductions as a global average.
Will One Small Step for AI Be One Giant Leap for Robotics?
Have you ever wondered how human-like a robot can become? Researchers are one step closer, literally, to machines having more human-like capabilities. A cross-disciplinary research team from the University of Southern California (USC) departments of engineering (biomedical, electrical, aerospace and mechanical), computer science, biokinesiology, and physical therapy joined forces to create a robot that can teach itself to walk. Valero-Cuevas published their findings recently in Nature Machine Intelligence on March 11, 2019. The researchers created a "biologically plausible algorithm" called "G2P" (general to particular).
Physics-informed semantic inpainting: Application to geostatistical modeling
Zheng, Qiang, Zeng, Lingzao, Karniadakis, George Em
A fundamental problem in geostatistical modeling is to infer the heterogeneous geological field based on limited measurements and some prior spatial statistics. Semantic inpainting, a technique for image processing using deep generative models, has been recently applied for this purpose, demonstrating its effectiveness in dealing with complex spatial patterns. However, the original semantic inpainting framework incorporates only information from direct measurements, while in geostatistics indirect measurements are often plentiful. To overcome this limitation, here we propose a physics-informed semantic inpainting framework, employing the Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty (WGAN-GP) and jointly incorporating the direct and indirect measurements by exploiting the underlying physical laws. Our simulation results for a high-dimensional problem with 512 dimensions show that in the new method, the physical conservation laws are satisfied and contribute in enhancing the inpainting performance compared to using only the direct measurements.
Shape and Time Distortion Loss for Training Deep Time Series Forecasting Models
Guen, Vincent Le, Thome, Nicolas
This paper addresses the problem of time series forecasting for non-stationary signals and multiple future steps prediction. To handle this challenging task, we introduce the Shape and Time Distortion Loss (STDL), a new objective function dedicated to training deep neural networks. STDL aims at accurately predicting sudden changes, and explicitly incorporates two terms supporting precise shape and temporal change detection. We introduce a differentiable loss function suitable for training deep neural nets, and provide a custom back-prop implementation for speeding up optimization. We also introduce a variant of STDL, which provides a smooth generalization of temporally-constrained Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). Experiments carried out on various non-stationary datasets reveal the very good behaviour of STDL compared to models trained with the standard Mean Squared Error (MSE) loss function, and also to DTW and variants. STDL is also agnostic to the choice of the model, and we highlight its benefit for training fully connected networks as well as specialized recurrent architectures, showing its capacity to improve over state-of-the-art trajectory forecasting approaches.
Unhidden Figures: Are Women A.I.'s Natural Born Leaders? (Paid Post by IBM from NYTimes.com)
IBM has recently launched its inaugural IBM Women Leaders in A.I. in recognition of women advancing their company's journey to artificial intelligence across diverse industries around the globe--from California's County of Sonoma to South Africa's NedBank. There is an opportunity for women to not only contribute to Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) – one of the modern era's most important technologies – but help lead in its application across various industries around the globe. This position of influence is not solely to appease a diversity mandate or to stand guard against algorithmic biases. Women can stand up as one of the integral factors in bringing transparent, inclusive and trusted A.I. to business. Among those recognized on IBM's list of Women Leaders in A.I., we recognized a common success factor - shared a propensity for bringing stakeholders together for effective work.
CPS Energy supports clean energy and grid cybersecurity research at UTSA
UTSA will design data driven approaches and AI to better identify and mitigate cyber threats for IOT devices including smart meters. Through the strategic alliance between the Texas Sustainable Energy Research Institute (TSERI) at UTSA and CPS Energy, three new projects totaling approximately $750,000 will focus on improving grid security and resilience, solar energy generation and more efficient technology for power generation. "We are thrilled to embark on these three new projects that aim to contribute to CPS Energy's position as a key player in the new energy economy," said Krystel Castillo, TSERI Director. "We have been able to build knowledge and grow innovation through our partnership with UTSA over the past decade," said Cris Eugster, CPS Energy's Chief Operating Officer. "We expect these new projects to also bring new insights that will help us plan for the future of energy."
New algae-based bioreactor can swallow carbon dioxide 400x faster than trees Digital Trends
For good reason, plenty of people are worried about the quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2) that are being pumped into the atmosphere. Since the early 1800s, scientists have known that greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat, causing the effect we now know as global warming. CO2 is a particularly big contributor to this problem. Created as a result of the burning of fuels like oil and natural gas, CO2 makes up the overwhelming majority of greenhouse gas emissions. It represents around 72% of the total, compared to 18% methane and 9% nitrous oxide.
Schlumberger, Chevron and Microsoft launch artificial intelligence platform for oil field
Schlumberger, Chevron and Microsoft have launched a cloud-based artificial intelligence platform to improve a digital services in the oil field. Schlumberger, Chevron and Microsoft have launched a cloud-based artificial intelligence platform to improve a digital services in the oil field. Schlumberger, Chevron and Microsoft have launched a cloud-based artificial intelligence platform to improve a digital services in the oil field. Schlumberger, Chevron and Microsoft have launched a cloud-based artificial intelligence platform to improve a digital services in the oil field. Schlumberger, Chevron and Microsoft have launched a cloud-based artificial intelligence platform to improve a digital services in the oil field.