For African American boys, the presumption of guilt starts before they have entered a kindergarten classroom, new research shows. In a study presented Wednesday to a meeting of education policy officials, researchers found that pre-K educators who were prompted to expect trouble in a classroom trained their gaze significantly longer on black students, especially boys, than they did on white students. When asked which of four videotaped children -- a boy and girl who were black and a pair who were white -- required their closest attention, educators black and white alike chose the study's African American boy most frequently. The study's white boy came in a distant second and two girls -- one white and one black -- drew the least scrutiny from the teachers. But when subjects in the new study were asked to rate the severity of a child's disruptive behavior and recommend consequences for it, race played a more unexpected role: African American pre-K educators, the study found, judged misbehavior attributed to a black child more harshly than did white educators.

Today a new nonprofit organization called the Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society announced its establishment. Participants include Amazon, Google (and Google's DeepMind) Facebook, IBM, and Microsoft. Those companies will put up money and research resources (that could mean talent, open-source code, or data). Company representatives will sit on the organization's board alongside people from academia, the nonprofit world, and policy and ethics experts, according to a statement. Plans call for discussions, studies, reports, best practices, and public outreach in general.

I started my career in 1997 with the advent of modern eDiscovery. In fact, it was not even called eDiscovery when I developed my first applications for processing data in the context of eDiscovery. I founded Advocate Solutions, Inc around that same time and we developed Discovery Cracker - one of the first eDiscovery processing applications. Producing documents was a different game back then as the price for processing was incredibly high. I Joined kCura, known for its legal database application Relativity, in 2010 and saw firsthand how fast the amount of data involved eDiscovery was rising.

Initially based in Peru, Laboratoria has expanded into Mexico and Chile.

Dream, imagine, don't be afraid to take a risk." That life advice came from Shimon Peres as I sat with him in his Tel Aviv apartment for a Fox News interview just two months ago. The former Israeli Prime Minister and President who was a founding father of the Jewish state died at age 93 Tuesday night, but as we met this summer he was full of life, optimistic, insightful, and wise. I felt as if I was sitting with a loving and kind grandfather who just happened to be one of the founding fathers of his nation and an iconic world statesman, as he shared his views in a very personal way about what he had learned over decades. I was in Israel to shoot interviews focusing on the anniversary of the raid on Entebbe and Israel's experience fighting terrorism. I had interviewed Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu the day before, and I was scheduled to sit down with Former Prime Minister Ehud Barak later on the day I met Peres. In a nearly one-hour interview, Peres not only expounded on the legacy of his nation, but philosophically spoke about the human spirit. "Look for new answers," he said. "Look for new questions, we have to have new questions.

Whether moving west down Ventura Boulevard, gliding down over Mulholland or living in Reseda with a freeway running through the yard, Tom Petty has soundtracked Southern California life for more than 40 years. Those classic songs, including "American Girl," "The Waiting," "Wildflowers," "Free Fallin'" and dozens of others, will be celebrated in February when Petty receives the 2017 MusiCares Person of the Year award. Announced Wednesday, the honor is presented by MusiCares, a Los Angeles charity that offers assistance to musicians and music professionals in need. The organization is the primary charitable arm of the Recording Academy, which presents the yearly Grammy Awards. Previous winners have included Carole King, Paul McCartney, Bruce Springsteen, Aretha Franklin, Barbra Streisand and Bob Dylan.

Comic book legend and Marvel mastermind Stan Lee recently took time out of his schedule to travel to Georgia to film four cameos in a single day for upcoming Marvel films. Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige discussed the filming at a Q&A session that followed a Friday screening of "Captain America: Civil War." The 93-year-old Lee, who with several artists created many of comics' most iconic characters, including Spider-Man, the Hulk and Iron Man, has had cameo appearances in nearly every Marvel live-action film, and neither Feige nor Lee seem interested in that trend ending any time soon. But neither man has any interest in attaching a generic Lee cameo to a project just to have one. "We do not shoot random ones. They're always very specific," Feige said during the Q&A.

Banks are positioned to pioneer the use of artificial intelligence to help them retain clients in an era of technological disruption, IBM Chief Executive Officer Ginni Rometty said at a conference in Geneva. "Financial services, I believe, can and will lead the world into this era," Rometty said at the Sibos conference on Wednesday, sharing a panel with Sergio Ermotti, CEO of UBS Group AG. "The ultimate competitive advantage is being cognitive." International Business Machines Corp. has touted its "cognitive solutions" unit and its Watson artificial intelligence platform as crucial to future growth. Revenue at that unit increased 3.5 percent to 4.7 billion in the second quarter, following five straight quarterly declines, the company reported in July.

Nasa has announced that it has found evidence of flowing water on Mars. Scientists have long speculated that Recurring Slope Lineae -- or dark patches -- on Mars were made up of briny water but the new findings prove that those patches are caused by liquid water, which it has established by finding hydrated salts. Several hundred camped outside the London store in Covent Garden. The 6s will have new features like a vastly improved camera and a pressure-sensitive "3D Touch" display

The question of which model type to apply to a Machine Learning task can be a daunting one given the immense number of algorithms available in the literature. It can be difficult to compare the relative merits of two methods, as one can outperform the other in a certain class of problems while consistently coming in behind for another class. In this post, the last one of our series of posts about Logistic Regression, we'll explore the differences between Decision Trees and Logistic Regression for classification problems, and try to highlight scenarios where one might be recommended over the other. Logistic Regression and trees differ in the way that they generate decision boundaries i.e. the lines that are drawn to separate different classes. To illustrate this difference, let's look at the results of the two model types on the following 2-class problem: Decision Trees bisect the space into smaller and smaller regions, whereas Logistic Regression fits a single line to divide the space exactly into two.