Overview
Old Evaluation Systems Are Inadequate For AI Health Care And Drug Development Ecosystem
Early stage startups are assessed using 100 parameters. Advanced stage companies are assessed using more than 300 settings. Nowadays there is a storm of news about the use of AI technology in the broader field of health care because of its cosmogenic activity to reshape it. Long established organizations, as well as newly founded startups, compete with each other who will catch the train of innovation to reach first the station of significant results. The weakest companies need the right financial boosting that will turn their idea into an innovative product or service.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Fintech Global Market Demand, Growth, Opportunities, Analysis of Top Key Player and Forecast to 2024
May 03, 2019 (Heraldkeeper via COMTEX) -- As FinTech applies data and technology to financial services in an effort to address industry challenges, artificial intelligence is essential to FinTech's existence and usage. According to this study, over the next five years the Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Fintechmarket will register a xx% CAGR in terms of revenue, the global market size will reach US$ xx million by 2024, from US$ xx million in 2019. In particular, this report presents the global revenue market share of key companies in Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Fintech business, shared in Chapter 3. This report presents a comprehensive overview, market shares and growth opportunities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Fintech market by product type, application, key companies and key regions. This report also splits the market by region: Breakdown data in Chapter 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Americas United States Canada Mexico Brazil APAC China Japan Korea Southeast Asia India Australia Europe Germany France UK Italy Russia Spain Middle East & Africa Egypt South Africa Israel Turkey GCC Countries The report also presents the market competition landscape and a corresponding detailed analysis of the major vendor/manufacturers in the market.
Model-Free Reinforcement Learning for Financial Portfolios: A Brief Survey
Financial portfolio management is one of the problems that are most frequently encountered in the investment industry. Nevertheless, it is not widely recognized that both Kelly Criterion and Risk Parity collapse into Mean Variance under some conditions, which implies that a universal solution to the portfolio optimization problem could potentially exist. In fact, the process of sequential computation of optimal component weights that maximize the portfolio's expected return subject to a certain risk budget can be reformulated as a discrete-time Markov Decision Process (MDP) and hence as a stochastic optimal control, where the system being controlled is a portfolio consisting of multiple investment components, and the control is its component weights. Consequently, the problem could be solved using model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) without knowing specific component dynamics. By examining existing methods of both value-based and policy-based model-free RL for the portfolio optimization problem, we identify some of the key unresolved questions and difficulties facing today's portfolio managers of applying model-free RL to their investment portfolios.
A Survey of Adaptive Resonance Theory Neural Network Models for Engineering Applications
da Silva, Leonardo Enzo Brito, Elnabarawy, Islam, Wunsch, Donald C. II
This survey samples from the ever-growing family of adaptive resonance theory (ART) neural network models used to perform the three primary machine learning modalities, namely, unsupervised, supervised and reinforcement learning. It comprises a representative list from classic to modern ART models, thereby painting a general picture of the architectures developed by researchers over the past 30 years. The learning dynamics of these ART models are briefly described, and their distinctive characteristics such as code representation, long-term memory and corresponding geometric interpretation are discussed. Useful engineering properties of ART (speed, configurability, explainability, parallelization and hardware implementation) are examined along with current challenges. Finally, a compilation of online software libraries is provided. It is expected that this overview will be helpful to new and seasoned ART researchers.
Answering Visual-Relational Queries in Web-Extracted Knowledge Graphs
Oñoro-Rubio, Daniel, Niepert, Mathias, García-Durán, Alberto, González, Roberto, López-Sastre, Roberto J.
A visual-relational knowledge graph (KG) is a multi-relational graph whose entities are associated with images. We explore novel machine learning approaches for answering visual-relational queries in web-extracted knowledge graphs. To this end, we have created ImageGraph, a KG with 1,330 relation types, 14,870 entities, and 829,931 images crawled from the web. With visual-relational KGs such as ImageGraph one can introduce novel probabilistic query types in which images are treated as first-class citizens. Both the prediction of relations between unseen images as well as multi-relational image retrieval can be expressed with specific families of visual-relational queries. We introduce novel combinations of convolutional networks and knowledge graph embedding methods to answer such queries. We also explore a zero-shot learning scenario where an image of an entirely new entity is linked with multiple relations to entities of an existing KG. The resulting multi-relational grounding of unseen entity images into a knowledge graph serves as a semantic entity representation. We conduct experiments to demonstrate that the proposed methods can answer these visual-relational queries efficiently and accurately.
Physicist's Journeys Through the AI World - A Topical Review. There is no royal road to unsupervised learning
Alhousseini, Imad, Chemissany, Wissam, Kleit, Fatima, Nasrallah, Aly
Artificial Intelligence (AI), defined in its most simple form, is a technological tool that makes machines intelligent. Since learning is at the core of intelligence, machine learning poses itself as a core sub-field of AI. Then there comes a subclass of machine learning, known as deep learning, to address the limitations of their predecessors. AI has generally acquired its prominence over the past few years due to its considerable progress in various fields. AI has vastly invaded the realm of research. This has led physicists to attentively direct their research towards implementing AI tools. Their central aim has been to gain better understanding and enrich their intuition. This review article is meant to supplement the previously presented efforts to bridge the gap between AI and physics, and take a serious step forward to filter out the "Babelian" clashes brought about from such gabs. This necessitates first to have fundamental knowledge about common AI tools. To this end, the review's primary focus shall be on deep learning models called artificial neural networks. They are deep learning models which train themselves through different learning processes. It discusses also the concept of Markov decision processes. Finally, shortcut to the main goal, the review thoroughly examines how these neural networks are capable to construct a physical theory describing some observations without applying any previous physical knowledge.
Formal Specification and Verification of Autonomous Robotic Systems: A Survey
Luckcuck, Matt, Farrell, Marie, Dennis, Louise, Dixon, Clare, Fisher, Michael
An autonomous system is an artificially intelligent entity that makes decisions in response to input, independent of human interaction. Robotic systems are physical entities that interact with the physical world. Thus, we consider an autonomous robotic system as a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI), has a physical presence in and interacts with the real world. They are complex, inherently hybrid, systems, combining both hardware and software; they often require close safety, legal, and ethical consideration. Autonomous robotics are increasingly being used in commonplace-scenarios, such as driverless cars [68], pilotless aircraft [176], and domestic assistants [174, 60]. While for many engineered systems, testing, either through real deployment or via simulation, is deemed sufficient; the unique challenges of autonomous robotics, their dependence on sophisticated software control and decision-making, and their increasing deployment in safety-critical scenarios, require a stronger form of verification. This leads us towards using formal methods, which are mathematically-based techniques for the specification and verification of software systems, to ensure the correctness of, and provide sufficient evidence for the certification of, robotic systems. We contribute an overview and analysis of the state-of-the-art in formal specification and verification of autonomous robotics.
AI-Powered Text Generation for Harmonious Human-Machine Interaction: Current State and Future Directions
Zhang, Qiuyun, Guo, Bin, Wang, Hao, Liang, Yunji, Hao, Shaoyang, Yu, Zhiwen
In the last two decades, the landscape of text generation has undergone tremendous changes and is being reshaped by the success of deep learning. New technologies for text generation ranging from template-based methods to neural network-based methods emerged. Meanwhile, the research objectives have also changed from generating smooth and coherent sentences to infusing personalized traits to enrich the diversification of newly generated content. With the rapid development of text generation solutions, one comprehensive survey is urgent to summarize the achievements and track the state of the arts. In this survey paper, we present the general systematical framework, illustrate the widely utilized models and summarize the classic applications of text generation.
Beyond Personalization: Research Directions in Multistakeholder Recommendation
Abdollahpouri, Himan, Adomavicius, Gediminas, Burke, Robin, Guy, Ido, Jannach, Dietmar, Kamishima, Toshihiro, Krasnodebski, Jan, Pizzato, Luiz
Recommender systems are personalized information access applications; they are ubiquitous in today's online environment, and effective at finding items that meet user needs and tastes. As the reach of recommender systems has extended, it has become apparent that the single-minded focus on the user common to academic research has obscured other important aspects of recommendation outcomes. Properties such as fairness, balance, profitability, and reciprocity are not captured by typical metrics for recommender system evaluation. The concept of multistakeholder recommendation has emerged as a unifying framework for describing and understanding recommendation settings where the end user is not the sole focus. This article describes the origins of multistakeholder recommendation, and the landscape of system designs. It provides illustrative examples of current research, as well as outlining open questions and research directions for the field.
Deep Learning for Audio Signal Processing
Purwins, Hendrik, Li, Bo, Virtanen, Tuomas, Schlüter, Jan, Chang, Shuo-yiin, Sainath, Tara
Personal use of this material is permitted. Abstract--Given the recent surge in developments of deep x learning, this article provides a review of the state-of-the-art input sequence deep learning techniques for audio signal processing. Subsequently, prominent deep learning application areas are covered, i.e. audio recognition (automatic The number of labels to be predicted (left), and the type of each label (right). While many deep learning methods have been adopted from I. INTRODUCTION Audio [2] in 1986, and finally 3) the success of deep learning in signals are commonly transformed into two-dimensional timefrequency speech recognition [3] and image classification [4] in 2012, representations for processing, but the two axes, leading to a renaissance of deep learning, involving e.g. Images are instantaneous snapshots networks (CNNs, [6]) and long short-term memory (LSTM, of a target and often analyzed as a whole or in patches [7]). In this "deep" paradigm, architectures with a large number with little order constraints; however audio signals have to be of parameters are trained to learn from a massive amount of studied sequentially in chronological order. METHODS many areas of signal processing, often outperforming traditional To set the stage, we give a conceptual overview of audio signal processing on a large scale. In this most recent analysis and synthesis problems (II-A), the input representations wave, deep learning first gained traction in image processing commonly used to address them (II-B), and the models [4], but was then widely adopted in speech processing, music shared between different application fields (II-C). H. Purwins is with Department of Architecture, Design & Media Technology, This division encompasses two independent axes (cf. Manuscript received October 11, 2018 While the audio signal will often be processed into a sequence of features, This is a PREPRINT we consider this part of the solution, not of the task. JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS OF SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL.