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RESAM: Requirements Elicitation and Specification for Deep-Learning Anomaly Models with Applications to UAV Flight Controllers

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

CyberPhysical systems (CPS) must be closely monitored to identify and potentially mitigate emergent problems that arise during their routine operations. However, the multivariate time-series data which they typically produce can be complex to understand and analyze. While formal product documentation often provides example data plots with diagnostic suggestions, the sheer diversity of attributes, critical thresholds, and data interactions can be overwhelming to non-experts who subsequently seek help from discussion forums to interpret their data logs. Deep learning models, such as Long Short-term memory (LSTM) networks can be used to automate these tasks and to provide clear explanations of diverse anomalies detected in real-time multivariate data-streams. In this paper we present RESAM, a requirements process that integrates knowledge from domain experts, discussion forums, and formal product documentation, to discover and specify requirements and design definitions in the form of time-series attributes that contribute to the construction of effective deep learning anomaly detectors. We present a case-study based on a flight control system for small Uncrewed Aerial Systems and demonstrate that its use guides the construction of effective anomaly detection models whilst also providing underlying support for explainability. RESAM is relevant to domains in which open or closed online forums provide discussion support for log analysis.


How Does Natural Lasoftwarenguage Understanding (NLU) Work?

#artificialintelligence

By the end of this guide, you will learn everything you need to know about how Natural language understanding works & what it means for the future of mankind. Natural language understanding is one of the most important innovations in AI at this time because it allows machines to be able to communicate more naturally with humans! NLU is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI), which seeks to create machines that can think and act in ways that are similar to humans. "While many people view AI as the catalyst to the destruction of mankind as we know it, I still believe technology will be the solution to many of the world's most life-altering problems. By understanding machines and how they work, we can better equip ourselves if there is indeed ever a threat to what we cherish the most."


Technology and Consciousness

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

We report on a series of eight workshops held in the summer of 2017 on the topic "technology and consciousness." The workshops covered many subjects but the overall goal was to assess the possibility of machine consciousness, and its potential implications. In the body of the report, we summarize most of the basic themes that were discussed: the structure and function of the brain, theories of consciousness, explicit attempts to construct conscious machines, detection and measurement of consciousness, possible emergence of a conscious technology, methods for control of such a technology and ethical considerations that might be owed to it. An appendix outlines the topics of each workshop and provides abstracts of the talks delivered. Update: Although this report was published in 2018 and the workshops it is based on were held in 2017, recent events suggest that it is worth bringing forward. In particular, in the Spring of 2022, a Google engineer claimed that LaMDA, one of their "large language models" is sentient or even conscious. This provoked a flurry of commentary in both the scientific and popular press, some of it interesting and insightful, but almost all of it ignorant of the prior consideration given to these topics and the history of research into machine consciousness. Thus, we are making a lightly refreshed version of this report available in the hope that it will provide useful background to the current debate and will enable more informed commentary. Although this material is five years old, its technical points remain valid and up to date, but we have "refreshed" it by adding a few footnotes highlighting recent developments.


Machine Learning for Absolute Beginners: A Plain English Introduction (Third Edition) (Machine Learning with Python for Beginners): Theobald, Oliver: 9798558098426: Amazon.com: Books

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Ready to spin up a virtual GPU instance and smash through petabytes of data? Want to add'Machine Learning' to your LinkedIn profile? Before you embark on your journey, there are some high-level theory and statistical principles to weave through first.


Class-Incremental Lifelong Learning in Multi-Label Classification

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Existing class-incremental lifelong learning studies only the data is with single-label, which limits its adaptation to multi-label data. This paper studies Lifelong Multi-Label (LML) classification, which builds an online class-incremental classifier in a sequential multi-label classification data stream. Training on the data with Partial Labels in LML classification may result in more serious Catastrophic Forgetting in old classes. To solve the problem, the study proposes an Augmented Graph Convolutional Network (AGCN) with a built Augmented Correlation Matrix (ACM) across sequential partial-label tasks. The results of two benchmarks show that the method is effective for LML classification and reducing forgetting.


[100%OFF] Introduction To Object Oriented Programing

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The course will also cover writing simple data structures and sorting algorithms. In future lectures, we will introduce more advanced data structures, such as binary search trees and hashing tables. The objective of this video series is to give aspiring programmers all the necessary tools to kick start their learning journey. We will cover not only how to write code, but also the inner workings of the machines on which we code in order to prepare students for success in the field.


Roadmap to Learn Machine Learning for FREE

#artificialintelligence

So you want to learn machine learning but are stuck with a question, "How to Learn Machine Learning Online Free?". In this article, I will discuss the complete machine learning roadmap with some FREE online resources. And you don't need to pay $$$$ amount to any course to learn machine learning. Are you excited to know "How to Learn Machine Learning Online Free?". So without any further ado, let's get started- First, let's understand what is machine learning and why you need to learn machine learning?


Looking ahead to #ICML2022

AIHub

The 39th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2022) will take place next week in Baltimore. Below, we summarise the invited talks, tutorials, workshops, and affinity events. The tutorials will take place on Monday 18 July. The workshops will take place on Friday 23 and Saturday 24 July. There will be four affinity workshops this year.


[FREE] Modern Reinforcement-learning Using Deep Learning

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Udemy is the biggest website in the world that offer courses in many categories, all the skills that you would be looking for are offered in Udemy, including languages, design, marketing and a lot of other categories, so when you ever want to buy a courses and pay for a new skills, Udemy would be the best forum for you. You can find payment courses, 100 free courses and coupons also, more than 12 categories are offered, and that what makes sure you will find the domain and the skill you are looking for. Our duty is to search for 100 off courses and free coupons. In my Deep reinforcement-learning course you will learn the newest state-of-the-art Deep reinforcement-learning knowledge. A generalization of MDP in which an agent cannot observe the state.


Online Continual Learning for Embedded Devices

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Real-time on-device continual learning is needed for new applications such as home robots, user personalization on smartphones, and augmented/virtual reality headsets. However, this setting poses unique challenges: embedded devices have limited memory and compute capacity and conventional machine learning models suffer from catastrophic forgetting when updated on non-stationary data streams. While several online continual learning models have been developed, their effectiveness for embedded applications has not been rigorously studied. In this paper, we first identify criteria that online continual learners must meet to effectively perform real-time, on-device learning. We then study the efficacy of several online continual learning methods when used with mobile neural networks. Continual machine learning systems have the ability to learn from ever-growing data streams (Parisi et al., 2019). In contrast, conventional machine learning algorithms typically assume that there is a static training and evaluation dataset. Continual learning has emerged as a popular research area. One of the most critical applications for continual learning is using it on embedded devices such as mobile phones, virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR) headsets, robots, vehicles, and smart appliances. VR headsets use continual learning to localize the position of the wearer within the boundary that the user has established so that the user does not collide with obstacles (O'Hagan & Williamson, 2020). AR headsets require continual learning to identify relevant objects and regions in the field of view to appropriately position virtual perceptual information. Household robotic devices need to learn the identity of the individuals, pets, and objects in the house. Typically, inference for these applications must be done within embedded devices to minimize latency, but continual on-device learning is critical to preserving privacy and security of the user. Conventional machine learning systems trained with empirical risk minimization assume that the data is independent and identically distributed (iid), which is typically enforced by shuffling the data. In continual learning, this assumption is violated, which results in catastrophic forgetting (French, 1999; Parisi et al., 2019). Hence, the continual learning research community has focused on solving this catastrophic forgetting problem in a variety of scenarios. However, most of these scenarios do not match the conditions an agent would face for embedded applications.