A panel session at the 1989 International Joint Conference on artificial intelligence in Los Angeles dealt with the subject of knowledge-based systems; the session was entitled "Expert Systems: How Far Can They Go?" The panelists included Randall Davis (Massachusetts Institute of Technology); Stuart Dreyfus (University of California at Berkeley); Brian Smith (Xerox Palo Alto Research Center); and Terry Winograd (Stanford University), chairman. Part 1 includes presentations from Winograd and Dreyfus. Part 2, which will appear in the Summer 1989 issue, includes presentations from Smith and Davis and concludes with the panel discussion.

A panel session at the 1989 International Joint Conference on artificial intelligence in Los Angeles dealt with the subject of knowledge-based systems; the session was entitled "Expert Systems: How Far Can They Go?" The panelists included Randall Davis (Massachusetts Institute of Technology); Stuart Dreyfus (University of California at Berkeley); Brian Smith (Xerox Palo Alto Research Center); and Terry Winograd (Stanford University), chairman. The article begins with Winograd's original charge to the panel, followed by lightly edited transcripts of the panel's remarks. Part 1 includes presentations from Winograd and Dreyfus. Part 2, which will appear in the Summer 1989 issue, includes presentations from Smith and Davis and concludes with the panel discussion. Although three years have passed since this session took place, the issues raised and the points discussed are no less relevant today.

Our guest editor is Avi Kak, of Purdue University. We also round out the issue with the final installment of Steven Frank's Swartout, on an AAAIsponsored Planning Workshop, held last year. "open-ended" (i.e., almost any aspect of the experienced world might be Book reviews should be submitted to the Book Review Editor, Bruce D'Ambrosio, Computer Science Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 (503) 754.4466 Advertising rates and media kits are available upon request from AI Magazine, 445 Burgess Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025 Telephone (415) 328.3123

An informal workshop on concurrent logic programming, metaprogramming, and open systems was held at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) on 8-9 September 1987 with support from the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. The 50 workshop participants came from the Japanese Fifth Generation Project (ICOT), the Weizmann Institute of Sci-ence in Israel, Imperial College in London, the Swedish Institute of Computer Science, Stanford University, the Mas-sachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), Cal Tech, Science University of Tokyo, Melbourne University, Calgary University, University of Wisconsin, Case Western Reserve, University of Oregon, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Quintus, Symbolics, IBM, and Xerox PARC. No proceedings were generated; instead, participants distributed copies of drafts, slides, and recent papers.

The (CSCW '86) was held in Austin, participants). The three-day report introduces the field of computersupported Texas, on 3-5 December 1986. It was event included nine paper sessions: cooperative work, describes the sponsored by the Microelectronics supporting face-to-face groups, empirical CSCW '86 program, and discusses the significance and Computer Technology Corporation studies, supporting distributed of the conference results An (MCC) Software Technology Program groups, hypertext systems, underlying introduction to the follow-on conference, in cooperation with the Association technology for collaborative systems, CSCW '88, is also provided for Computing Machinery (ACM) collaboration research, multimedia and its special interest groups on software and multiuser interfaces, industrial engineering (SIGSOFT), human experiences with CSCW, and coordination computer interaction (SIGCHI), and and decision making. There office information systems (SIGOIS); were also four panel sessions; the topics the Institute for Electrical and Electronic were collaboration and offices, collaborative Engineers (IEEE) Computer design studies, from theories Society; the American Association for to systems, and trends and markets Artificial Intelligence (AAAI); The for computer-supported group Information Management Society work. As the invited dinner speaker, (TIMS); and the Software Psychology Robert Howard, noted author on the Society.

The First International Workshop on User Modeling in Natural Language Dialogue Systems was held 30-31 August 1986 in Maria Laach, West Germany. Issues addressed by the participants included the appropriate contents of a user model, techniques for constructing user models in both understanding and generating natural language dialogue, and the development of general user-modeling systems. This article includes an overview of the presentations made at the workshop. It is a compilation of the author's impressions and observations and is, therefore, undoubtedly incomplete; and at times might fail to accurately represent the views of the researcher presenting the work.

The 1987 Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) was held at Sea Ranch, California, 3 to 6 December 1987. Twenty-eight participants gathered in this rugged, windswept northern California coastal village to debate the theory and practice of DAI.

EDITORIALS This Fall issue marks the first time we have devoted the AI Figure 1 summarizes the results of a survey I ran in 1985. The idea originated a couple of depicts the number of AI based systems in the various stages years ago, and I'm pleased to see the actual implementation. of research, development, field service and production use. Mark Fox, Special Editor for this issue, is to be congratulated It is my guess that the survey represents about 15% of the for a fine job of selecting some of the best authorities in systems currently under development. The incursion of AI the field and working with them to produce an excellent survey into the manufacturing world has reached the point that discussions of the current state of the art in AI for manufacturing. The quality of all the articles was so high that we didn't want to exclude any of them.

This panel, which met in Austin, Texas, discussed the "deep unease among AI researchers who have been around more than the last four years or so ... that perhaps expectations about AI are too high, and that this will eventually result in disaster."

On October 17-19, 1984, a workshop on nonmonotonic hospitality suite-generally until late in the evenings reasoning was held at, Mohonk Mountain House, outside The workshop's only disappointment was the shortness New Paltz, New York. Speakers (and the audience) oft,en found Raymond R.eit,er and Bonnie Webbcr, and was sponsored that much more time could have been well-spent, especially by the American Association for Artificial Intelligence. The hotel is an inmense of much of the work presented. Surrounded by 2000 Preprints of the papers were distributed at the workshop, acres of private preserve, in full autumnal splcndour, participants but no proceedings will be published A limit,ed number quickly forgot the outside world. The grounds of copies of the preprints can be obtained from.