As both a computer scientist and a lawyer, Gardner understands the importance of participation by scholars from both fields in future research. Her work is directed at two groups of readers: those with technical knowledge of AI programming techniques, and those trained in law.

The following is a synopsis of the findings of the first AAAI Workshop on AI Applications to Battle Management held at the University of Washington, 16 July 1987. The workshop organizer, Pete Bonasso, sent a point paper to a number of invited presenters giving his opinion of what AI could and could not do for battle management. This paper served as a focus for the workshop presentations and discussions and was augmented by the workshop presentations; it can also serve as a roadmap of topics for future workshops. AI can provide battle management with such capabilities as sensor data fusion and adaptive simulations. Also, several key needs in battle management will be AI research topics for years to come, such as understanding free text and inferencing in real time. Finally, there are several areas -- cooperating systems and terrain reasoning, for example -- where, given some impetus, AI might be able to provide help in the near future.

James Peters, coauthor of "A Knowledge-Based Model of Audit Risk," is an assistant professor in the Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, University of Oregon. Glenn D. Rennels coauthor of "Prose Generation from Expert Systems: An Applied Computational Linguistics Thomas Arcidiacono, the author of the review of An Artificial Intelligence Approach, " is a research affiliate in Approach to Legal Reasoning, is affiliated with the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, the Medical Information Sciences Program, the New York Institute of Technology, Sunburst Center 203, Central Edwina L. Rissland, author of "Artificial Intelligence and Legal Reasoning: R. Peter Bonasso, author of "An Hermann Kaindl, author of "Minimaxing: A Discussion of the Field and Assessment of What AI Can Do for Theory and Practice", is a Gardner's Book," is an associate professor Battle Management--A Report of the software engineer in the position of of Computer and Information First AAAI Workshop on AI Applications "Gruppenleiter" at Siemens AG Science at the University of Massachusetts to Battle Management" is the osterreich, Program and System Engineering at Amherst and lecturer on department head of the Artificial Since 1984, he has been a lecturer law at the Harvard Law School. Operations division, 7525 Colshire research interests include planning Drive, Mclean, VA 22102. Vasant Dhar, coauthor of "A Knowledge-Based Model of Audit Risk," is Model of Audit Risk," is Peat Marwick Professor of Accounting, Kenneth D. Forbus is an assistant professor Perry Miller, coauthor of "Prose Generation of computer science at the University from Expert Systems: An Call toU-free 800-521-3044 Or mail inquiry to: University Microfilms International. Forbus's research interests Program, Yale University include qualitative reasoning, inference School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, engine design, analogical reasoning P.O.

The PROSENET/TEXTNET approach is designed to facilitate the generation of polished prose by an expert system. The approach uses the augmented transition network (ATN) formalism to help structure prose generation at the phrase, sentence, and paragraph levels. The approach also uses expressive frames to help give the expert system builder considerable freedom to organize material flexibly at the paragraph level. The PROSENET /TEXTNET approach has been used in a number of prototype expert systems in medical domains, and has proved to be a convenient and powerful tool.

Empirical evidence suggests that searching deeper in game trees using the minimax propagation rule usually improves the quality of decisions significantly. However, despite many recent theoretical analyses of the effects of minimax look ahead, however, this phenomenon has still not been convincingly explained. Instead, much attention has been given to so-called pathological behavior, which occurs under certain assumptions. This article supports the view that pathology is a direct result of these underlying theoretical assumptions. Pathology does not occur in practice, because these assumptions do not apply in realistic domains. The article presents several arguments in favor of minimaxing and focuses attention on the gap between their analytical formulation and their practical meaning. A new model is presented based on the strict separation of static and dynamic aspects in practical programs. finally, certain methods of improving minimax look-ahead are discussed, drawing on insights gained from this research.

The goal of intelligent computer-aided engineering (ICAE) is to construct computer programs that capture a significant fraction of an engineer's knowledge. Today, ICAE systems are a goal, not a reality. This article attempts to refine that goal and suggest how to get there. We begin by examining several scenarios of what ICAE systems could be like. Next we describe why ICAE won't evolve directly from current applications of expert system technology to engineering problems. I focus on qualitative physics as a critical area where progress is needed, both in terms of representations and styles of reasoning.

In this article, I discuss the emerging field of artificial intelligence and legal reasoning and review the new book by Anne v.d.L. Gardner, An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Legal Reasoning, published by Bradford/MIT Press (1987, 225 pp., $22.50) as the first book in its new series on the subject.

The capabilities for representing and reasoning about three-dimensional (3-D) objects are essential for knowledge-based, 3-D photointerpretation systems that combine domain knowledge with image processing, as demonstrated by 3- D Mosaic and ACRONYM. Three-dimensional representation of objects is necessary for many additional applications, such as robot navigation and 3-D change detection. Geometric reasoning is especially important because geometric relationships between object parts are a rich source of domain knowledge. A practical framework for geometric representation and reasoning must incorporate projections between a two-dimensional (2-D) image and a 3-D scene, shape and surface properties of objects, and geometric and topological relationships between objects. In addition, it should allow easy modification and extension of the system's domain knowledge and be flexible enough to organize its reasoning efficiently to take advantage of the current available knowledge. We are developing such a framework -- the Frame-based Object Recognition and Modeling (3-D FORM) System. This system uses frames to represent objects such as buildings and walls, geometric features such as lines and planes, and geometric relationships such as parallel lines. Active procedures attached to the frames dynamically compute values as needed. Because the order of processing is controlled largely by the order of slot access, the system performs both top-down and bottom-up reasoning, depending on the current available knowledge. The FORM system is being implemented with the Carnegie-Mellon University-built Framekit tool in Common Lisp (Carbonell and Joseph 1986). To date, it has been applied to two types of geometric reasoning problems: interpreting 3-D wire frame data and solving sets of geometric constraints.

This is a summary of the Workshop on Planning that was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency and held in Santa Cruz, California, on October 21-23, 1987. The purpose of this workshop was to identify and explore new directions for research in planning.

Moravec has interests in computer animation and three dimensional graphics. He has produced illustrations and films presenting progress in the other work and published in the areas of mobile robots, computer vision, robots and the future, orbital skyhooks, switching networks, and three dimensional Keith M. Andress, coauthor of "Evidence Accumulation and Flow of Control in graphics a Hierarchical Spatial Reasoning System, " is a research associate in the Robot Vision Lab at Purdue University His research interests are in formalisms for Gudula Retz-Schmidt received her accumulation of evidence, expert systems, and computer vision. He can be Master degree (Dipl.-Inform) Practitioners Should Know about the Law. Part Two" is an attorney practicing Benjamin J. Kuipers, coauthor of William Swartout, editor of "Summary with Nutter, McClennen & Fish, "Navigation and Mapping in Large-Report on DARPA Santa Cruz One International Place, Boston, Massachusetts Scale Space" is an associate professor Workshop on Planning" is a senior 02210-2699. His research Framework for Representing and Reasoning research interests include qualitative interests include explanation of about Three-Dimensional reasoning about physical mechanisms expert systems, natural language generation, Objects for Vision" is group leader of and qualitative representations and expert system architectures, the Sensory Intelligence Group in the learning strategies for spatial knowledge.