This year, the AAAI has alrrady wanted or needed such information. Int,ernational and Par Technology; can continue to ensure delivery of Coupling Symbolic and Numeracal Thank you for your cooperation. Richard Fikes reported that the Menlo Park, CA 94025-3496. Carnegie-Mellon Univcrsit,y, Membership Statistics: the final, complete results of the survey AAAI Office During the first quarter of 1985, the will he published in a forthcoming Claudia Mazzet,ti reported that the membership roster expanded from issue of the AI Mugazane. Association's databases and a set 7,492 to 8,651 members.

The TRW Defense Systems Group develops large man-machine networks that solve problems for government agencies. Until a few years ago these networks were either tightly-coupled humans loosely supported by machines -- like our ballistic missile system engineering organization, which provides technical advice to the Air Force, or tightly-coupled machines loosely controlled by humans- like the ground station for the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. Because we have been producing first-of- a kind systems like these since the early 1950s, we consider ourselves leaders in the social art of assembling effective teams of diverse experts, and in the engineering art of conceiving and developing networks of interacting machines. But in the mid-1970s we began building systems in which humans and machines must be tightly coupled to each other-systems like the Sensor Data Fusion Center. Then we found that our well-worked system development techniques did not completely apply, and that our system engineering handbook needed a new chapter on communication between people and machines. We're still writing that chapter, and it won't be finished until we can add some not-yet fully developed artificial intelligence techniques. Nevertheless, we learned some lessons worth passing along.

Two topics are treated here. First we present a user model patterned after the stereotype approach (Rich, 1979). This model surpasses Rich's model with respect to it's greater flexibility in the construction of user profiles, and it's treatment of positive and negative arguments. Second, we present an inference machine. This machine treats uncertain knowledge in the form of evidence for and against the accuracy of a proposition. Truth values are replaced by the concept of two-dimensional evidence space. We discuss the consequences of the concept, particularly with regard to verification. The connection between these two topics is established by implementation of the user model on the inference machine.

This article discusses the selection of the domain for a knowledge-based expert system for a corporate application. The selection of the domain is a critical task in an expert system development. At the start of a project looking into the development of an expert system, the knowledge engineering project team must investigate one or several possible expert system domains. They must decide whether the selected application(s) are best suited to solution by present expert system technology, or if there might be a better way (or, possibly, no way) to attack the problems. If there are several possibilities, the team must also rank the potential applications and select the best available. To evaluate the potential of possible application domains, it has proved very useful to have a set of desired attributes for good expert domain. This article presents such a set of attributes. The attribute set was developed as part of a major expert system development project at GTE Laboratories. It was used recurrently (and modified and expanded continually) throughout an extensive application domain evaluation and selection process.

In the first section, some characteristic features of AI research in France are presented, including difficulties with the current means and the current organization of AI research. In the second section, the state-of-the-art in different areas of AI is described. Besides some weakness, and in spite of the general difficulties mentioned in the first section, strong points and great potentialities are exhibited. This allows us to conclude that AI research in France may play an important part at the international level, if the necessary means for its development in the middle and long term are given.

I Section 6. Resignation: Any member may resign by filing a written resignation with the Secretary-Treasurer. Section 7. Reinstatement: Upon written request by a Section 2. Other Ofices: The corporation may have former member filed with the Secretary-Treasurer, the Executive such other offices, either within or without the County of Council, by majority vote, may reinstate a former San Mateo, State of California, as the Executive Council member. Section 8. Transfer of Membership: Membership in this corporation is not transferable or assignable. Section 1. Classes of Members: The corporation shall Section 1. Annual Meetang: The annual meeting of the have two classes of members: Regular and Student. Student Corporation will take place during its Annual Conference.

In the past twenty years, much time, effort, and money has been expended on designing an unambiguous representation of natural language to make them accessible to computer processing, These efforts have centered around creating schemata designed to parallel logical relations with relations expressed by the syntax and semantics of natural languages, which are clearly cumbersome and ambiguous in their function as vehicles for the transmission of logical data. Understandably, there is a widespread belief that natural languages are unsuitable for the transmission of many ideas that artificial languages can render with great precision and mathematical rigor. But this dichotomy, which has served as a premise underlying much work in the areas of linguistics and artificial intelligence, is a false one. There is at least one language, Sanskrit, which for the duration of almost 1000 years was a living spoken language with a considerable literature of its own. Besides works of literary value, there was a long philosophical and grammatical tradition that has continued to exist with undiminished vigor until the present century. Among the accomplishments of the grammarians can be reckoned a method for paraphrasing Sanskrit in a manner that is identical not only in essence but in form with current work in Artificial Intelligence. This article demonstrates that a natural language can serve as an artificial language also, and that much work in AI has been reinventing a wheel millenia old. First, a typical Knowledge Representation Scheme (using Semantic Nets) will be laid out, followed by an outline of the method used by the ancient Indian grammarians to analyze sentences unambiguously. Finally, the clear parallelism between the two will be demonstrated, and the theoretical implications of this equivalence will be given.

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We're pleased to introduce this new section, "AAAI News," as a regular feature in the AI Magazine. AAAI Membership Statistics purpose is to inform AAAI members about AAAI During 1984 the AAAI membership increased from organizational activities and to allow greater participation 3,000 members to 7,492 members! by the members in these activities. The AI Magazine Bledsoe, the AAAI's Executive Council initiated several new committees to review the diverse scientific and educational Production Notes: We have changed our printer and needs of the the AAAI membership; to evaluate mailing house from the Bay Area to the Los Angeles area. We are also making slight and services. Each committee has a particular charter alterations to the design of the publication.

The Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) provides master's degree education to Air Force and Army Officers in various engineering fields It is in a unique position to educate and perform research in the area of applications of artificial intelligence to military problems. Its two AI faculty members are the only military officers with PhD's in Artificial Intelligence. In the past two years, the artificial intelligence Laboratory of AFIT has become a major focal point for AI research and applications within the government. In this article, we describe our on-going applications research in the areas of automated cockpit systems, natural language understanding, maintenance expert systems, expert systems for planning and knowledge based software design.