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Multiagent Evaluation under Incomplete Information
Rowland, Mark, Omidshafiei, Shayegan, Tuyls, Karl, Perolat, Julien, Valko, Michal, Piliouras, Georgios, Munos, Remi
This paper investigates the evaluation of learned multiagent strategies in the incomplete information setting, which plays a critical role in ranking and training of agents. Traditionally, researchers have relied on Elo ratings for this purpose, with recent works also using methods based on Nash equilibria. Unfortunately, Elo is unable to handle intransitive agent interactions, and other techniques are restricted to zero-sum, two-player settings or are limited by the fact that the Nash equilibrium is intractable to compute. Recently, a ranking method called {\alpha}-Rank, relying on a new graph-based game-theoretic solution concept, was shown to tractably apply to general games. However, evaluations based on Elo or {\alpha}-Rank typically assume noise-free game outcomes, despite the data often being collected from noisy simulations, making this assumption unrealistic in practice. This paper investigates multiagent evaluation in the incomplete information regime, involving general-sum many-player games with noisy outcomes. We derive sample complexity guarantees required to confidently rank agents in this setting. We propose adaptive algorithms for accurate ranking, provide correctness and sample complexity guarantees, then introduce a means of connecting uncertainties in noisy match outcomes to uncertainties in rankings. We evaluate the performance of these approaches in several domains, including Bernoulli games, a soccer meta-game, and Kuhn poker.
Visuallly Grounded Generation of Entailments from Premises
Jafaritazehjani, Somaye, Gatt, Albert, Tanti, Marc
Natural Language Inference (NLI) is the task of determining the semantic relationship between a premise and a hypothesis. In this paper, we focus on the {\em generation} of hypotheses from premises in a multimodal setting, to generate a sentence (hypothesis) given an image and/or its description (premise) as the input. The main goals of this paper are (a) to investigate whether it is reasonable to frame NLI as a generation task; and (b) to consider the degree to which grounding textual premises in visual information is beneficial to generation. We compare different neural architectures, showing through automatic and human evaluation that entailments can indeed be generated successfully. We also show that multimodal models outperform unimodal models in this task, albeit marginally.
Using Statistics to Automate Stochastic Optimization
Lang, Hunter, Zhang, Pengchuan, Xiao, Lin
Despite the development of numerous adaptive optimizers, tuning the learning rate of stochastic gradient methods remains a major roadblock to obtaining good practical performance in machine learning. Rather than changing the learning rate at each iteration, we propose an approach that automates the most common hand-tuning heuristic: use a constant learning rate until "progress stops," then drop. We design an explicit statistical test that determines when the dynamics of stochastic gradient descent reach a stationary distribution. This test can be performed easily during training, and when it fires, we decrease the learning rate by a constant multiplicative factor. Our experiments on several deep learning tasks demonstrate that this statistical adaptive stochastic approximation (SASA) method can automatically find good learning rate schedules and match the performance of hand-tuned methods using default settings of its parameters. The statistical testing helps to control the variance of this procedure and improves its robustness.
How artificial intelligence is shaping the future of society
Maria Bartiromo explores the bounds of artificial intelligence usage globally. From health care to the transportation industry, FOX Business' Maria Bartiromo looks at how artificial intelligence (AI) is shaping the future of society. In February the U.S. government launched an American AI initiative, which aims to stimulate AI development. The government's investments in unclassified R&D for AI technologies is up 40 percent since 2015 and for the first time in history, President Trump's fiscal year 2019 budget requests to designate AI and unmanned autonomous systems a priority. However, some say the problem is that China spends much more on AI investment and financing. In 2017, AI spending hit $39.5 billion, with China accounting for 70 percent of the expenditures.
50 Most Popular AI-influencers of North America
It has been more than six decades since the concept of Artificial Intelligence has transformed from imagination to an academic discipline. Influencers, especially those active on social media help give direction to the policymakers and academicians. They keep common men updated on the trends and'what is what' in AI, Machine Learning and associated concepts like Big Data and BlockChain. AiThority introduces you to the 50 most popular AI-influencers of North America. A PhD in industrial-organizational psychology, his interests lies in Data Science, CX, Statistics and Machine Learning.
AI 50: America's Most Promising Artificial Intelligence Companies
Artificial intelligence is infiltrating every industry, allowing vehicles to navigate without drivers, assisting doctors with medical diagnoses, and mimicking the way humans speak. But for all the authentic and exciting ways it's transforming the tasks computers can perform, there's a lot of hype, too. As Jeremy Achin, CEO of newly minted unicorn DataRobot, puts it: "Everyone knows you have to have machine learning in your story or you're not sexy." The inherently broad term gets bandied about so often that it can start to feel meaningless and gets trotted out by companies to gussy up even simple data analysis. To help cut through the noise, Forbes and data partner Meritech Capital put together a list of private, U.S.-based companies that are wielding some subset of artificial intelligence in a meaningful way and demonstrating real business potential from doing so. One makes robots that can whir around shoppers to help workers restock shelves. Another scans recruiting pitches for unconscious bias. A third analyzes massive data sets to make street-by-street weather predictions. To be included on the list, companies needed to show that techniques like machine learning (where systems learn from data to improve on tasks), natural language processing (which enables programs to "understand" written or spoken language), or computer vision (which relates to how machines "see") are a core part of their business model and future success. Find all the details on our methodology here. The honorees span categories like human resources, security, insurance, and finance, with healthcare, transportation, and infrastructure startups best represented on the list.
Using machine learning to reconstruct deteriorated Van Gogh drawings
Researchers at TU Delft in the Netherlands have recently developed a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model to reconstruct drawings that have deteriorated over time. In their study, published in Springer's Machine Vision and Applications, they specifically used the model to reconstruct some of Vincent Van Gogh's drawings that were ruined over the years due to ink fading and discoloration. "The Netherlands has an international reputation with respect to arts, with famous artists like Rembrandt, Mondrian and Van Gogh," Jan van der Lubbe, one of the researchers who carried out the study, told TechXplore. "Therefore, art historical research and research into how to preserve cultural heritage play an important role in the Netherlands." In recent years, a growing number of researchers have tried to develop machine learning techniques, such as CNNs, for the analysis of artworks. So far, these tools have primarily been used to identify the artist who created specific artworks or to determine whether paintings are real or fake.
Livio AI: In Conversation with Achin Bhowmik
Achin Bhowmik discusses how Starkey's Livio AI came to market and what it means for the future of amplification devices. All my life, I've been passionate about developing perceptual computing technologies, such as sensors and artificial intelligence. My focus at Intel was to use these technologies to make more intelligent machines. That was an incredible time in my career as the world is getting smarter and there is so much to explore and invent. But Starkey CEO, Mr Austin came to me and asked, "Do you want to use the same advanced technologies, but instead of focusing on making more intelligent machines, help people perceive and understand the world better?"
AI analyzes text conversations to determine if the other person has a crush on you
It is an age old question – does he love me, does he not? Now you can harness the power of artificial intelligence to determine if your relationship will have a fairy tale or tragic ending. Called Mei, this'relationship assistant' studies your text conversations to determine compatibility and delivers a'crush' score, along with personalized dating advice. Mei is a'relationship assistant' that studies your text conversations to determine compatibility and delivers a'crush' score (pictured), along with personalized dating advice The Mei app had its beta release in Google Play last year and was specifically designed to help users better understand themselves and the people they communicate with. And now it has become a dating guru.
EmoSense: an AI-powered and wireless emotion sensing system
Researchers at Hefei University of Technology in China and various universities in Japan have recently developed a unique emotion sensing system that can recognize people's emotions based on their body gestures. They presented this new AI- powered system, called EmoSense, in a paper pre-published on arXiv. "In our daily life, we can clearly realize that body gestures contain rich mood expressions for emotion recognition," Yantong Wang, one of the researchers who carried out the study, told TechXplore. "Meanwhile, we can also find out that human body gestures affect wireless signals via shadowing and multi-path effects when we use antennas to detect behavior. Such signal effects usually form unique patterns or fingerprints in the temporal-frequency domain for different gestures."