We consider the problem of how many samples from a Gaussian multi-index model are required to weakly reconstruct the relevant index subspace. Despite its increasing popularity as a testbed for investigating the computational complexity of neural networks, results beyond the single-index setting remain elusive. In this work, we introduce spectral algorithms based on the linearization of a message passing scheme tailored to this problem. Our main contribution is to show that the proposed methods achieve the optimal reconstruction threshold. Leveraging a high-dimensional characterization of the algorithms, we show that above the critical threshold the leading eigenvector correlates with the relevant index subspace, a phenomenon reminiscent of the Baik-Ben Arous-Peche (BBP) transition in spiked models arising in random matrix theory.

The information exponent (Ben Arous et al. [2021]) and its extensions --- which are equivalent to the lowest degree in the Hermite expansion of the link function (after a potential label transform) for Gaussian single-index models --- have played an important role in predicting the sample complexity of online stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in various learning tasks. In this work, we demonstrate that, for multi-index models, focusing solely on the lowest degree can miss key structural details of the model and result in suboptimal rates. Specifically, we consider the task of learning target functions of form $f_*(x) = \sum_{k=1}^{P} \phi(v_k^* \cdot x)$, where $P \le d$, the ground-truth directions $\\{ v_k^* \\}_{k=1}^P$ are orthonormal, and the information exponent of $\phi$ is $L$. Based on the theory of information exponent, when $L = 2$, only the relevant subspace (not the exact directions) can be recovered due to the rotational invariance of the second-order terms, and when $L > 2$, recovering the directions using online SGD require $\tilde{O}(P d^{L-1})$ samples. In this work, we show that by considering both second-and higher-order terms, we can first learn the relevant space using the second-order terms, and then the exact directions using the higher-order terms, and the overall sample and complexity of online SGD is $\tilde{O}( d P^{L-1})$.

Monitoring individual tree mortality at scale has been found to be crucial for understanding forest loss, ecosystem resilience, carbon fluxes, and climate-induced impacts. However, the fine-granularity monitoring faces major challenges on both the data and methodology sides because: (1) finding isolated individual-level tree deaths requires high-resolution remote sensing images with broad coverage, and (2) compared to regular geo-objects (e.g., buildings), dead trees often exhibit weaker contrast and high variability across tree types, landscapes and ecosystems. Existing datasets on tree mortality primarily rely on moderate-resolution satellite imagery (e.g., 30m resolution), which aims to detect large-patch wipe-outs but is unable to recognize individual-level tree mortality events. Several efforts have explored alternatives via very-high-resolution drone imagery. However, drone images are highly expensive and can only be collected at local scales, which are therefore not suitable for national-scale applications and beyond. To bridge the gaps,we introduce TreeFinder, the first high-resolution remote sensing benchmark dataset designed for individual-level tree mortality mapping across the Contiguous United States (CONUS).

Intent classification models have made a significant progress in recent years. However, previous studies primarily focus on high-resource language datasets, which results in a gap for low-resource languages and for regions with high rates of illiteracy, where languages are more spoken than read or written. This is the case in Senegal, for example, where Wolof is spoken by around 90\% of the population, while the national illiteracy rate remains at of 42\%. Wolof is actually spoken by more than 10 million people in West African region. To address these limitations, we introduce the Wolof Banking Speech Intent Classification Dataset (WolBanking77), for academic research in intent classification.

Recent cooperative perception datasets have played a crucial role in advancing smart mobility applications by enabling information exchange between intelligent agents, helping to overcome challenges such as occlusions and improving overall scene understanding. While some existing real-world datasets incorporate both vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure interactions, they are typically limited to a single intersection or a single vehicle. A comprehensive perception dataset featuring multiple connected vehicles and infrastructure sensors across several intersections remains unavailable, limiting the benchmarking of algorithms in diverse traffic environments. Consequently, overfitting can occur, and models may demonstrate misleadingly high performance due to similar intersection layouts and traffic participant behavior. To address this gap, we introduce UrbanIng-V2X, the first large-scale, multi-modal dataset supporting cooperative perception involving vehicles and infrastructure sensors deployed across three urban intersections in Ingolstadt, Germany. UrbanIng-V2X consists of 34 temporally aligned and spatially calibrated sensor sequences, each lasting 20 seconds. All sequences contain recordings from one of three intersections, involving two vehicles and up to three infrastructure-mounted sensor poles operating in coordinated scenarios. In total, UrbanIng-V2X provides data from 12 vehicle-mounted RGB cameras, 2 vehicle LiDARs, 17 infrastructure thermal cameras, and 12 infrastructure LiDARs. All sequences are annotated at a frequency of 10 Hz with 3D bounding boxes spanning 13 object classes, resulting in approximately 712k annotated instances across the dataset.

An AI-designed universal vaccine targeting a broad range of coronaviruses passed its first clinical trial, proving safe and triggering an immune response in 39 healthy volunteers.

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NBA Finals ratings surge as the league welcomes Trump, drops woke messaging -- but is it sustainable? Netflix film chief says they won't work with directors who want to release movies in theaters Disney's Star Wars relaunch crumbles as'Mandalorian and Grogu' crashes at the box office Education Secretary Linda McMahon rips California trans athlete'compromise,' tells Newsom to'pick a side' Jimmy Kimmel says he felt'defeated' after Colbert show was cancelled, says CBS is using'made-up numbers' Here's how the CDC tried to use bad science to convince people to wear masks during COVID'The Mandalorian and Grogu' is a prime example that Disney's Star Wars is on life support'Supergirl' pre-release tracking looks disastrously bad for Hollywood after lead actress' bizarre comments Trump praised for having'lots of energy' ahead of 80th birthday Trump calls Maine Democratic Senate candidate Graham Platner a'thug' Charter Space founder responds to critics' worries about SpaceX impact on market Rep. Byron Donalds shares his faith redemption story amid Florida gubernatorial run Iran's foreign minister says peace with US'has never been closer' GOP lawmaker says it's'really important' that US continues cartel crackdown Spencer Pratt's use of AI to boost campaign sparks debate FBI arrests first suspect on'most wanted fraudsters' list Accused Charlie Kirk killer's attorneys seek to BLOCK death penalty Kayleigh McEnany: Capitalism isn't the big evil Bernie Sanders would have you believe OutKick Analysis NBA needs to incorporate'mistaken identity' rule from FIFA World Cup to stop the flopping issue The World Cup's use of the rule offers a blueprint for real-time consequences INSTANT REACTION FIFA World Cup Now reacts to USA's 4-1 dominant win over Paraguay Melissa Ortiz, Peter Crouch, Sacha Kljestan, Bob Bradley, Stu Holden, Brad Guzan and Mo Edu react to USA's 4-1 win over Paraguay. Flopping is a major issue in the NBA. I've written about it ad nauseam. The league has anti-flopping measures in place, but they rarely dish out fines based on reviews after the conclusion of the games, and in-game flopping calls are even more of rarity.

Pat McAfee wages war on Omaha's famous Jell-o shot bar after crew gets cold reception at College World Series NASCAR legend Tony Stewart calls mourning fans'a--holes' in tone-deaf rant about Kyle Busch Brewers' Jacob Misiorowski breaks brains and radar guns with hardest pitch ever by a starting pitcher US fans were out in full force ahead of the USMNT's first match of the 2026 FIFA World Cup MLB announces drive-in theater screenings of'The Sandlot' with live games and fireworks for July 4th California Democratic Party under fire for'you're not allowed to watch' World Cup post Victor Wembanyama isn't good or mature enough to be the face of the NBA -- at least not yet Trump praised for having'lots of energy' ahead of 80th birthday Trump calls Maine Democratic Senate candidate Graham Platner a'thug' Charter Space founder responds to critics' worries about SpaceX impact on market Rep. Byron Donalds shares his faith redemption story amid Florida gubernatorial run Iran's foreign minister says peace with US'has never been closer' GOP lawmaker says it's'really important' that US continues cartel crackdown Spencer Pratt's use of AI to boost campaign sparks debate FBI arrests first suspect on'most wanted fraudsters' list Brazil favored at -145 with the over at 2.5 +115, while Japan's tactical play could neutralize Haaland INSTANT REACTION FIFA World Cup Now reacts to USA's 4-1 dominant win over Paraguay Melissa Ortiz, Peter Crouch, Sacha Kljestan, Bob Bradley, Stu Holden, Brad Guzan and Mo Edu react to USA's 4-1 win over Paraguay. We are all jazzed up about the World Cup, right? I mean it is in our own backyard this year and the USA Men's National Team just won their first game with a dominant 4-1 victory over Paraguay. More importantly to me, we just won 1.35 units on the game because we took the over for it. I'm headed back to the pitch today for a couple of different plays.

Pat McAfee wages war on Omaha's famous Jell-o shot bar after crew gets cold reception at College World Series NASCAR legend Tony Stewart calls mourning fans'a--holes' in tone-deaf rant about Kyle Busch Brewers' Jacob Misiorowski breaks brains and radar guns with hardest pitch ever by a starting pitcher US fans were out in full force ahead of the USMNT's first match of the 2026 FIFA World Cup MLB announces drive-in theater screenings of'The Sandlot' with live games and fireworks for July 4th California Democratic Party under fire for'you're not allowed to watch' World Cup post Victor Wembanyama isn't good or mature enough to be the face of the NBA -- at least not yet Rep. Byron Donalds shares his faith redemption story amid Florida gubernatorial run Iran's foreign minister says peace with US'has never been closer' GOP lawmaker says it's'really important' that US continues cartel crackdown Spencer Pratt's use of AI to boost campaign sparks debate FBI arrests first suspect on'most wanted fraudsters' list Accused Charlie Kirk killer's attorneys seek to BLOCK death penalty Kayleigh McEnany: Capitalism isn't the big evil Bernie Sanders would have you believe Stephen A. Smith says he takes no offense to President Donald Trump's social media criticism, but stands by blaming him for the Knicks' Game 3 loss in the NBA Finals on'Hannity.' Can the San Antonio Spurs bounce back from blowing the biggest lead in NBA Finals history and keep their season alive by beating the New York Knicks in Game 5 Saturday? According to San Antonio phenom Victor Wembanyama: Everybody thinks -- everybody knows -- we're going to do it. Well, Mr. Wembanyama, the Spurs would become just the 16th team in NBA history to win a series after going down 3-1. New York is on the brink of winning its first NBA title in 53 years, thanks to a full team effort.