Many important datasets contain samples that are missing one or more feature values. Maintaining the interpretability of machine learning models in the presence of such missing data is challenging. Singly or multiply imputing missing values complicates the model's mapping from features to labels. On the other hand, reasoning on indicator variables that represent missingness introduces a potentially largenumber ofadditional terms, sacrificing sparsity.

Particularly important is the ability to incorporate domain knowledge of invariances, e.g., translational invariance ofimages. Kernels based onthemaximumsimilarity overagroup of transformations are not generally positive definite. Perhaps it is for this reason that they have not been studied theoretically. We address this lacuna and show thatpositivedefiniteness indeed holdswith high probabilityforkernels based on the maximum similarity in the small training sample set regime of interest, and that they do yield the best results in that regime.

Particularly important is the ability to incorporate domain knowledge of invariances, e.g., translational invariance ofimages. Kernels based onthemaximumsimilarity overagroup of transformations are not generally positive definite. Perhaps it is for this reason that they have not been studied theoretically. We address this lacuna and show thatpositivedefiniteness indeed holdswith high probabilityforkernels based on the maximum similarity in the small training sample set regime of interest, and that they do yield the best results in that regime.

Inparticular[25] present show generalization Pr competition 26] sought given generalization Theparticipants32,40,48] achie VC-dimension 54] and 4].

In particular, we consider sequential prediction with an adversary that injects adversarial (or out-of-distribution) examples in a stream of i.i.d.

We study the problem of learning a real-valued function that satisfies the Demographic Parity constraint. It demands the distribution of the predicted output to be independent of the sensitive attribute. We consider the case that the sensitive attribute is available for prediction.