Transformer [70]has brought significant progress in natural language processing [17,7,54]. The vision transformer [20] also improves a series of computer vision tasks including image classification [66,88], object detection [8,37], semantic segmentation [80], object tracking [13,16], and video recognition [6,3].

Parametric dimensionality reduction methods have gained prominence for their ability togeneralize tounseen datasets, anadvantage that traditional approaches typically lack. Despite their growing popularity, there remains a prevalent misconception among practitioners about the equivalence in performance between parametric and non-parametric methods. Here, we showthat these methods are not equivalent - parametric methods retain global structure but lose significant localdetails.

Model sizes range from 1B to 70B.

The main idea istouseagenerator to synthesize data for training the student.

AStackelberg game[30, 31] is a strategic interaction between two utility-maximizing players in which one player (theleader) is able to commit to a (possibly mixed) strategy before the other player (thefollower)takesanaction.