The seeder generates as diversified candidate solutions as possible (seeds) while being dedicated to exploring over the full combinatorial action space (i.e.,sequence ofassignment action).

Federated Learning (FL) has recently been applied to the parameter-efficient fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs).

The cluster sizes are unbalanced with|G 1|/|G 2| = 2, where we randomly choose200 number "0" and100 number of "5" for each repetition. Here we choose three clusters:G1 containing the "T-shirt/top",G2 containing the "Trouser" andG3 containing the "Dress", so that the number of clusters isK = 3 in the algorithms.

Ateachtimestepoftheepisode,thelearnerobserves the current state of the environment, chooses one of theK available actions, and earns a reward. Consequently, the state of the environment changes according to the transition function of the underlying MDP, as a function of the previous state and the action taken by the learner.

The evaluation of generative models has received significant attention in the machine learning community.

The evaluation of generative models has received significant attention in the machine learning community.