South America
Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,377
What is in the 28-point US plan for Ukraine? 'Ukraine is running out of men, money and time' Can the US get all sides to end the war? Why is Europe opposing Trump's peace plan? Zelenskyy says US peace plan'looks better' with new revisions Here's where things stand on Tuesday, December 2: Russian forces launched a ballistic missile on Ukraine's Dnipro, killing four people and wounding 40 others, according to Ukrainian authorities. Russia claimed the capture of the strategic eastern Ukrainian town of Pokrovsk, the logistics hub that has been under attack for months by Moscow's forces.
OBR head's resignation leaves potential landmines for Reeves
The shock resignation came for a very specific reason, but the OBR saga will continue with a series of decisions the chancellor will have to make over Richard Hughes' replacement. Firstly the Chancellor will have to find a respected and credible economist to run the OBR. There are several candidates, who might fit the mould of fiercely independent bean counters. The list will be carefully watched by the markets for any departure from the normal model. The problem is that there is some political pressure to do just that.
Anacondas have been huge for over 12 million years
The snakes behind the blockbuster are megafauna throwbacks. Breakthroughs, discoveries, and DIY tips sent every weekday. At roughly the length of a small school bus, anacondas are famously some of the world's largest snakes. Now fossil evidence proves that these enormous reptiles are also glimpses of an ancient world. According to a study published on December 1st in the, anacondas reached their maximum length around 12.4 million years ago--and have remained giants ever since.
An Approach to Variable Clustering: K-means in Transposed Data and its Relationship with Principal Component Analysis
Saquicela, Victor, Palacio-Baus, Kenneth, Chifla, Mario
Abstract--Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means constitute fundamental techniques in multivariate analysis. Although they are frequently applied independently or sequentially to cluster observations, the relationship between them, especially when K-means is used to cluster variables rather than observations, has been scarcely explored. This study seeks to address this gap by proposing an innovative method that analyzes the relationship between clusters of variables obtained by applying K-means on transposed data and the principal components of PCA. Our approach involves applying PCA to the original data and K-means to the transposed data set, where the original variables are converted into observations. The contribution of each variable cluster to each principal component is then quantified using measures based on variable loadings. This process provides a tool to explore and understand the clustering of variables and how such clusters contribute to the principal dimensions of variation identified by PCA. We analyze multiple data sets with varying variability structures (USArrests, Iris, Decathlon2) to show that the correspondence between clusters of variables and principal components depends on the data's inherent structure.
Robust Precoding for Resilient Cell-Free Networks
Mashdour, Saeed, Flores, Andrรฉ R., de Lamare, Rodrigo C.
Abstract--This paper presents a robust precoder design for resilient cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) systems that minimizes the weighted sum of desired signal mean square error (MSE) and residual interference leakage power under a total transmit power constraint. The proposed robust preco der incorporates channel state information (CSI) error statis tics to enhance resilience against CSI imperfections. We employ an alternating optimization algorithm initialized with a min imum MSE-type solution, which iteratively refines the precoder w hile maintaining low computational complexity and ensuring fas t convergence. Numerical results show that the proposed meth od significantly outperforms conventional linear precoders, providing an effective balance between performance and computati onal efficiency. Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) networks have emerged as an extension of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems [1], [2] an d cornerstone of next-generation wireless systems by deploy ing a large number of distributed access points (APs) to jointly serve users without cell boundaries [3], [4], [5].
Methodology for Comparing Machine Learning Algorithms for Survival Analysis
Cardoso, Lucas Buk, Angelo, Simone Aldrey, Bonilha, Yasmin Pacheco Gil, Maia, Fernando, Ribeiro, Adeylson Guimarรฃes, Curado, Maria Paula, Fernandes, Gisele Aparecida, Parro, Vanderlei Cunha, Cipparrone, Flรกvio Almeida de Magalhรฃes, Filho, Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto, Filho, Victor Wรผnsch, Toporcov, Tatiana Natasha
This study presents a comparative methodological analysis of six machine learning models for survival analysis (MLSA). Using data from nearly 45,000 colorectal cancer patients in the Hospital-Based Cancer Registries of Sรฃo Paulo, we evaluated Random Survival Forest (RSF), Gradient Boosting for Survival Analysis (GBSA), Survival SVM (SSVM), XGBoost-Cox (XGB-Cox), XGBoost-AFT (XGB-AFT), and LightGBM (LGBM), capable of predicting survival considering censored data. Hyperparameter optimization was performed with different samplers, and model performance was assessed using the Concordance Index (C-Index), C-Index IPCW, time-dependent AUC, and Integrated Brier Score (IBS). Survival curves produced by the models were compared with predictions from classification algorithms, and predictor interpretation was conducted using SHAP and permutation importance. XGB-AFT achieved the best performance (C-Index = 0.7618; IPCW = 0.7532), followed by GBSA and RSF. The results highlight the potential and applicability of MLSA to improve survival prediction and support decision making.
Hillsborough police report 'may not give answers'
Hillsborough police report'may not give answers' Families of some of those killed in the Hillsborough disaster fear they may once again be denied full accountability as the long-delayed report into police conduct surrounding the stadium crush is due to be published on Tuesday. Several people who worked on the Independent Office for Police Conduct (IOPC) investigation - including a former director - have told the BBC they doubt the report will deliver all the answers survivors and bereaved relatives were promised. Some have warned that it may lead to accusations of another Hillsborough cover-up. Families have also criticised the length and cost of the investigation - the largest of its kind ever carried out in England and Wales. The police watchdog has spent more than 13 years examining the actions of South Yorkshire Police and other forces in the aftermath of the 1989 disaster in which 97 Liverpool supporters were killed during an FA Cup semi-final at Sheffield Wednesday's Hillsborough ground.
The 110 very best Cyber Monday deals in the US, curated and vetted
These are products we believe are worth purchasing year-round - the discount is just a bonus. These are products we believe are worth purchasing year-round - the discount is just a bonus. Our experts found the best deals and sales that are actually worth your money. The Guardian's journalism is independent. We will earn a commission if you buy something through an affiliate link. The Guardian's journalism is independent. We will earn a commission if you buy something through an affiliate link. We all have holiday traditions we look forward to each year: cooking your grandmother's classic stuffing recipe. With the influx of these so-called "doorbuster deals", it can be hard to know a true steal from a modest markdown. So we've asked shopping experts to curate the best Black Friday and Cyber Monday sales across five of the most-shopped for categories. Whether you're looking for a much-needed sleep upgrade or a cordless vacuum that'll stand the test of time, below is our list of the best Cyber Monday deals across streaming, home, kitchen, tech, travel and wellness products. These are items that normally add up fast but right now are going for prices you won't wince at. To put together our list of deals, we enlisted the help of Guardian contributors with years of experience testing products ranging from blenders to vacuums. Our recommendations are based on items tested and loved by our contributors and staff.
How Ukraine turned into the world's drone testing lab
What is in the 28-point US plan for Ukraine? 'Ukraine is running out of men, money and time' Can the US get all sides to end the war? Why is Europe opposing Trump's peace plan? The Take How Ukraine turned into the world's drone testing lab The use of drones in the Russia-Ukraine war has revolutionised an industry of death and destruction. The rapid development of drone technology has changed how wars are fought.