Many research papers that propose models to predict the course of the COVID-19 pandemic either use handcrafted statistical models or large neural networks. Even though large neural networks are more powerful than simpler statistical models, they are especially hard to train on small datasets. This paper not only presents a model with grater flexibility than the other proposed neural networks, but also presents a model that is effective on smaller datasets. To improve performance on small data, six regularisation methods were tested. The results show that the GRU combined with 20% Dropout achieved the lowest RMSE scores. The main finding was that models with less access to data relied more on the regulariser. Applying Dropout to a GRU model trained on only 28 days of data reduced the RMSE by 23%.

User and item attributes are essential side-information; their interactions (i.e., their co-occurrence in the sample data) can significantly enhance prediction accuracy in various recommender systems. We identify two different types of attribute interactions, inner interactions and cross interactions: inner interactions are those between only user attributes or those between only item attributes; cross interactions are those between user attributes and item attributes. Existing models do not distinguish these two types of attribute interactions, which may not be the most effective way to exploit the information carried by the interactions. To address this drawback, we propose a neural Graph Matching based Collaborative Filtering model (GMCF), which effectively captures the two types of attribute interactions through modeling and aggregating attribute interactions in a graph matching structure for recommendation. In our model, the two essential recommendation procedures, characteristic learning and preference matching, are explicitly conducted through graph learning (based on inner interactions) and node matching (based on cross interactions), respectively. Experimental results show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art models. Further studies verify the effectiveness of GMCF in improving the accuracy of recommendation.

Privacy protection has recently attracted the attention of both academics and industries. Society protects individual data privacy through complex legal frameworks. This has become a topic of interest with the increasing applications of data science and artificial intelligence that have created a higher demand to the ubiquitous application of the data. The privacy protection of the broad Data-InformationKnowledge-Wisdom (DIKW) landscape, the next generation of information organization, has not been in the limelight. Next, we will explore DIKW architecture through the applications of popular swarm intelligence and differential privacy. As differential privacy proved to be an effective data privacy approach, we will look at it from a DIKW domain perspective. Swarm Intelligence could effectively optimize and reduce the number of items in DIKW used in differential privacy, this way accelerating both the effectiveness and the efficiency of differential privacy for crossing multiple modals of conceptual DIKW. The proposed approach is proved through the application of personalized data that is based on the open-sourse IRIS dataset. This experiment demonstrates the efficiency of Swarm Intelligence in reducing computing complexity.

Artificial Intelligence is already part of our lives in the tools and services we use every day. As AI development accelerates, how can authors and small businesses use it as leverage to expand income and opportunities? Ash Fontana gives some ideas in this interview on The AI-First Company.

Learderboard AUC: 0.956X, Best final test set AUC: 0.961X

We propose a model architecture Although knowledge graphs (KGs) and ontologies have that combines the advantages of graph convolutional networks been exploited successfully for data integration [Trivedi (GCNs) [Kipf and Welling 2017] and siamese networks et al. 2018; Azmy et al. 2019], entity matching involving [Bromley et al. 1993] to address the entity-matching structured and unstructured sources has usually been task. GCNs are a type of graph neural network that shares performed by treating records without explicitly taking filter parameters among all the nodes, regardless of their location into account the natural graph representation of structured in the graph. Our Siamese Graph Convolutional Network sources and the potential graph representation of unstructured (S-GCN) incorporates two identical GCNs, as shown data [Mudgal et al. 2018; Gschwind et al. 2019].

Recent advances in Named Entity Recognition (NER) show that document-level contexts can significantly improve model performance. In many application scenarios, however, such contexts are not available. In this paper, we propose to find external contexts of a sentence by retrieving and selecting a set of semantically relevant texts through a search engine, with the original sentence as the query. We find empirically that the contextual representations computed on the retrieval-based input view, constructed through the concatenation of a sentence and its external contexts, can achieve significantly improved performance compared to the original input view based only on the sentence. Furthermore, we can improve the model performance of both input views by Cooperative Learning, a training method that encourages the two input views to produce similar contextual representations or output label distributions. Experiments show that our approach can achieve new state-of-the-art performance on 8 NER data sets across 5 domains.

Natural language processing (NLP) methods for analyzing legal text offer legal scholars and practitioners a range of tools allowing to empirically analyze law on a large scale. However, researchers seem to struggle when it comes to identifying ethical limits to using natural language processing (NLP) systems for acquiring genuine insights both about the law and the systems' predictive capacity. In this paper we set out a number of ways in which to think systematically about such issues. We place emphasis on three crucial normative parameters which have, to the best of our knowledge, been underestimated by current debates: (a) the importance of academic freedom, (b) the existence of a wide diversity of legal and ethical norms domestically but even more so internationally and (c) the threat of moralism in research related to computational law. For each of these three parameters we provide specific recommendations for the legal NLP community. Our discussion is structured around the study of a real-life scenario that has prompted recent debate in the legal NLP research community.

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An information cascade is a circumstance where agents make decisions in a sequential fashion by following other agents. Bikhchandani et al., predict that once a cascade starts it continues, even if it is wrong, until agents receive an external input such as public information. In an information cascade, even if an agent has its own personal choice, it is always overridden by observation of previous agents' actions. This could mean agents end up in a situation where they may act without valuing their own information. As information cascades can have serious social consequences, it is important to have a good understanding of what causes them. We present a detailed Bayesian model of the information gained by agents when observing the choices of other agents and their own private information. Compared to prior work, we remove the high impact of the first observed agent's action by incorporating a prior probability distribution over the information of unobserved agents and investigate an alternative model of choice to that considered in prior work: weighted random choice. Our results show that, in contrast to Bikhchandani's results, cascades will not necessarily occur and adding prior agents' information will delay the effects of cascades.