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AAAI News
The AAAI Press - Distributed by The MIT Press Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 5 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 To order, call toll free: (800) 356-0343 or (617) 625-8569. SPRING 2002 5 first time that AAAI's National conference has been held in Canada--a In addition, the program chairs are experimenting with a new format for AAAI.
Planning in the Fluent Calculus Using Binary Decision Diagrams
BDDplan was created to perform certain reasoning processes in the fluent calculus, a flexible framework for reasoning about action and change based on first-order logic with equality (plus some second-order extensions in some cases). The reasoning is done by mapping the problems into propositional logic, which, in turn, can be implemented as operations on binary decision diagrams (BDDs).
Finite State Automata that Recurrent Cascade-Correlation Cannot Represent
This paper relates the computational power of Fahlman' s Recurrent Cascade Correlation (RCC) architecture to that of fInite state automata (FSA). While some recurrent networks are FSA equivalent, RCC is not. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the RCC architecture in the form of a proof describing a large class of FSA which cannot be realized by RCC. 1 INTRODUCTION Recurrent networks can be considered to be defmed by two components: a network architecture, and a learning rule. The former describes how a network with a given set of weights and topology computes its output values, while the latter describes how the weights (and possibly topology) of the network are updated to fIt a specifIc problem. It is possible to evaluate the computational power of a network architecture by analyzing the types of computations a network could perform assuming appropriate connection weights (and topology).
Finite State Automata that Recurrent Cascade-Correlation Cannot Represent
This paper relates the computational power of Fahlman' s Recurrent Cascade Correlation (RCC) architecture to that of fInite state automata (FSA). While some recurrent networks are FSA equivalent, RCC is not. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the RCC architecture in the form of a proof describing a large class of FSA which cannot be realized by RCC. 1 INTRODUCTION Recurrent networks can be considered to be defmed by two components: a network architecture, and a learning rule. The former describes how a network with a given set of weights and topology computes its output values, while the latter describes how the weights (and possibly topology) of the network are updated to fIt a specifIc problem. It is possible to evaluate the computational power of a network architecture by analyzing the types of computations a network could perform assuming appropriate connection weights (and topology).
Man Versus Machine for the World Checkers Championship
Schaeffer, Jonathan, Treloar, Norman, Lu, Paul, Lake, Robert
In August 1992, the world checkers champion, Marion Tinsley, defended his title against the computer program CHINOOK. Because of its success in human tournaments, CHINOOK had earned the right to play for the world championship. Tinsley won the best-of-40-game match with a score of 4 wins, 2 losses, and 33 draws. This event was the first time in history that a program played for a human world championship and might be a prelude to what is to come in chess. This article tells the story of the first Man versus Machine World Championship match.
EL: A formal, yet natural, comprehensive knowledge representation
We describe a comprehensive framework for narrative understanding based on Episodic Logic (EL). This situational logic was developed and implemented as a semantic representation and commonsense knowledge representation that would serve the full range of interpretive and inferential needs of general NLU. The most distinctive feature of EL is its natural language-like expressiveness. It allows for generalized quantifiers, lambda abstraction, sentence and predicate modifiers, sentence and predicate reification, intensional predicates (corresponding to wanting, believing, making, etc.), unreliable generalizations, and perhaps most importantly, explicit situational variables (denoting episodes, events, states of affairs, etc.) linked to arbitrary formulas that describe them. These allow episodes to be explicitly related in terms of part-whole, temporal and causal relations. Episodic logical form is easily computed from surface syntax and lends itself to effective inference.
Deep Thought Wins Fredkin Intermediate Prize
Since May 1988, Deep Thought (DT), the creation of a team of students at Carnegie Mellon University, has been attracting a lot of notice. In the Fredkin Masters Open, May 28-30, DT tied for second in a field of over 20 masters and ahead of three other computers, including Hitech and Chiptest (the winner of the 1987 North American Computer Championships). In August at the U.S. Open, DT scored 8.5, 3.5 to tie for eighteenth place with Arnold Denker among others. Its performance was marred by hardware and software bugs. However, DT astounded everyone by beating International Master (IM) Igor Ivanov, the perennial winner of the U.S. Grand Prix circuit prize, who is generally regarded to be as strong as the average Grandmaster.