Chevron Canada is decentralizing its computer environment from mainframes to PCs e Emission Reduction Research mounted infantry virtual environment) and Sun workstations. The DIVE belt provides the Chevron oil exploration crews will be N.J.) has developed the Batch Design ability to operate inside a virtual environment able to retrieve various types of well Kit, an expert system for optimizing without becoming tangled batch processes and minimizing pollution. Funded by the U.S. The system will help eliminate Army, the DIVE project is designed to ADVANTA Mortgage (San Diego, avoidable pollution and save pharmaceutical allow soldiers to operate within a virtual Cal.) has signed a license agreement and chemical manufacturers battlefield. VR is being used to demonstrate used as the focal point of exhibition fire engineering principles such The Santa Fe Institute (Santa Fe, stands designed by Photosound for as means of escape theory, fire modeling, N.M.) has won an ARPA grant of such pharmaceutical firms as Smith-human behavior, and spatial $323,000 for research on complex Kline Beecham. The system will be designed advanced computin arena.

This report summarizes this year's workshop and outlines WET to underwrite and support these workshops. Information Systems is also acknowledged. The Defense Advanced this year's workshop and outlines the philosophy behind this annual event. Computer-Supported Cooperative and present the best research Finally, I would like to thank V. Work gathering, which takes in that has a bearing on the "repersonalization Jagannathan for his great help and everyone from anthropologists to of computing," as Fernando expertise in workshop management futurists, this workshop focuses on flores, founder of Action Technologies, and Mary Carriger for relieving me of hardware and software that enables puts it.

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) held its 1994 Spring Symposium Series on 19-23 March at Stanford University, Stanford, California. This article contains summaries of 10 of the 11 symposia that were conducted: Applications of Computer Vision in Medical Image Processing; AI in Medicine: Interpreting Clinical Data; Believable Agents; Computational Organization Design; Decision-Theoretic Planning; Detecting and Resolving Errors in Manufacturing Systems; Goal-Driven Learning; Intelligent Multimedia, Multimodal Systems; Software Agents; and Toward Physical Interaction and Manipulation. Papers of most of the symposia are available as technical reports from AAAI.

In Greed in the Quest for Machines That the first wave of AI businesses were addition, when expert systems began Think, Harvey P. Newquist, Sams Publishing, researchers, sneering dominates over to be written in The author's aversion to places away they could implement their applications from the executive suite distorts the in house at a lower cost. Gold Hill, and other took root as an academic companies founded by Ed Feigenbaum. Inc., marketing a symbolic mathematics because pioneering companies making who covered the field during the small assembly robots and industrial program that was once a 1980s when academic researchers vision systems failed just as the robots minor product. Teknowledge was went commercial in one of the 1980's became essential to manufacturing reduced to a small division. Alan Newell's world-leading of traditional companies now use AI begins with a history spanning Babbage but unmarketed reasoning program techniques in house for such things to Turing to Minsky, McCarthy, research at Carnegie Mellon University, as geological exploration, financial Newell, Simon, Samuel, and others at conducted vigorously through the decision making, medical advice, factory the 1956 Dartmouth meeting and 1980s, is dismissed.

What criteria should be used to select one semantic formalism over another? However, the scope of analyze and gain insight into (that is, models for circumscription, perfect convergence results linking aspects of not just model) such a task. Although much basic problems are NP hard (at best). Ginsberg and Hugh Holbrook work remains to be done, the consensus His point was that just confirming (Stanford University) showed seems to be that there is sufficient that this problem is indeed potentially that default reasoning could be used common ground to warrant serious nasty is not really surprising. Marco Cadoli and as well as to somehow cope with the significant computational advantages.

The field of knowledge engineering has been one of the most visible successes of AI to date. Knowledge acquisition is the main bottleneck in the knowledge engineer's work. Machine-learning tools have contributed positively to the process of trying to eliminate or open up this bottleneck, but how do we know whether the field is progressing? How can we determine the progress made in any of its branches? How can we be sure of an advance and take advantage of it? This article proposes a benchmark as a classificatory, comparative, and metric criterion for machine-learning tools. The benchmark centers on the knowledge engineering viewpoint, covering some of the characteristics the knowledge engineer wants to find in a machine-learning tool. The proposed model has been applied to a set of machine-learning tools, comparing expected and obtained results. Experimentation validated the model and led to interesting results.

This article describes a new system for induction of oblique decision trees. This system, OC1, combines deterministic hill-climbing with two forms of randomization to find a good oblique split (in the form of a hyperplane) at each node of a decision tree. Oblique decision tree methods are tuned especially for domains in which the attributes are numeric, although they can be adapted to symbolic or mixed symbolic/numeric attributes. We present extensive empirical studies, using both real and artificial data, that analyze OC1's ability to construct oblique trees that are smaller and more accurate than their axis-parallel counterparts. We also examine the benefits of randomization for the construction of oblique decision trees.

The human orientation system is a complex system in which the brain merges information from a variety of sensors to help maintain a coherent interpretation of body position and movement. These sensors include the semicircular canals and the otolith organs located in the inner ear as well as vision and somatosensory perception. I designed a model of this system based on the observer theory model (OTM), which was developed by Merfeld (1990) for the orientation system of the squirrel monkey. Under this scheme, the central nervous system has an internal representation of the sensor organs and tries to minimize the error between its estimate of the sensory afferent signals and the actual afferent signals. As designed, MARIKA's goal is to classify the vestibular system of the subject as normal or abnormal and propose a corresponding model. It works iteratively until the results of the proposed experiment can be modeled. Additional experiments can be presented in succession to the same model.

However, extended object-oriented oday, object-oriented programming important and powerful programming Italy, Sweden, the United languages and systems have paradigm, especially for Kingdom, and the United States were been developed that are adequate to the development of complex systems, invited to the workshop. This article handle AI applications. AI, raised and the major points made programming, a case of objectoriented however, is looking for knowledge during the presentations of the eight programming that has a representation and programming papers in the workshop's four sessions. AI, does not satisfy distributed AI applications and uses constructs (for The workshop started with an requirements because it lacks representation, example, frames) and notions (for introduction by Ibrahim in which he communication, and organization. Ibrahim posed a to the object-based concurrent The one-day workshop entitled number of questions related to the programming paradigm to close the Objects and AI, held in Sydney, Australia, theme of the workshop and asked gap with distributed AI, such as the on 25 August 1991 in conjunction the participants to address some of introduction of more powerful object with the 1991 International these questions during their talks and representations, a social theory of Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, discussion.

The Hong Kong-based Mass Transit Railway Corp. (MTRC) has developed the Station Management Expert e Norwegian Police Data Center help predict aircraft fires and other System (SMES). SMES is an intelligent utilized an expert system to catastrophes. The police put and risk factors from the records functions and advising the controller the intelligent application online to of the National Transportation Safety of actions to take in case of emergency. The system is installed in Ya Ma at the games while complying with Carnegie Group and Westinghouse Tei Station as a test site, and the complex national employment regulations. Electric (both in Pittsburgh, Penn.) are MTRC plans to expand its use Plans are to deploy and network working with Pittsburgh area medical throughout the subway system as it the expert system into every law centers to develop an intelligent proves to be successful. The network Martin Marietta (Bethesda, Md.) is developed a neural network application will gather and organize data on using a real-time expert system to that has improved the efficiency clinical diagnoses, treatment, clinical build the Traffic Operations Center of its direct mail marketing efforts by and research findings, and patient (TOC) component of its Intelligent 35%.