Everything in the universe is made up of elementary particles, the most fundamental building blocks of nature. Quantum physics states pairs of particles and antiparticles can be created out of empty space - but exactly how this process happens is complex, which makes it difficult to model using classical computers. Now scientists have modelled the way particles are spontaneously created using a quantum computer, for the first time. Scientists have modelled the way particles are spontaneously created using a quantum computer, for the first time. Quantum computing takes advantage of the ability of subatomic particles to exist in more than one state at any time.

The European Commission president Jean-Claude Juncker has urged the UK to "clarify its position" on Brexit as soon as possible "so we can get on with it. Nigel Farage accuses David Cameron and Boris Johnson of'backsliding' on Brexit German leaders furious at UK's reluctance to invoke Article 50 Diane Abbott stands by Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn as he addresses supporters outside parliament. "Don't let Scotland down," SNP urges EU parliament BRUSSELS, June 28 (Reuters) - Scotland voted to remain in the European Union last week and is counting on help from the EU to protect it from Brexit, a pro-independence Scottish lawmaker said on Tuesday, winning a standing ovation in the European ... Brexit: Asian leaders ready stimulus packages after Britain's vote to leave EU The Brexit vote continues to reverberate in Japan and other Asian financial centres. The European Commission in Ireland has moved to calm concerns that English may no longer be an official language at the European Union. England vs Iceland: Gary Lineker labels Euro 2016 loss'the worst in our history' while Alan Shearer wants England job Playing a country which boasts a population of little over 320,000 people, England were expected to cruise past Iceland and set-up a Euro 2016 quarter-final clash against tournament hosts France, but it wasn't to be. MOSCOW (AP) - The spokesman for Russian President Vladimir Putin said Tuesday it will take time to mend ties with Turkey after the November downing of a Russian military jet. ANKARA/JERUSALEM, June 28 (Reuters) - Turkey and Israel signed a deal on Tuesday to restore ties after a six-year rift, formalising an agreement which U.N. Lebanon's army has detained more than 100 Syrians for entering the country illegally following a series of suicide bombings in a border village. Victor Jara was killed in 1973 in the opening days of the dictatorship of Gen Augusto Pinochet. UKIP leader Nigel Farage was booed in the European Parliament as he called on the EU to take a "grown up and sensible" attitude to negotiations with the UK while at the same time insulting MEPs, claiming virtually none of them have ever done a "proper ... Let's not stop at Brexit.

European Commission chief Jean-Claude Juncker has urged UK to "clarify its position" on Brexit as soon as possible. He told the European parliament that Britain and the EU remained friends but it needed to state its position to avoid uncertainty. PM David Cameron is to meet European Union leaders for the first time since the UK voted to leave later on Tuesday. He is stepping down to allow his successor to conduct exit negotiations. Mr Cameron has said it will be up to the next prime minister when to trigger the formal method by which a country leaves the EU, Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty.

Professor Stephen Hawking says he believes pollution and human "stupidity" remain the biggest threats to mankind, while also expressing his concerns over the use of artificial intelligence in warfare. The world's leading theoretical physicist argued "we have certainly not become less greedy or less stupid" in our treatment of the environment over the past decade, during an interview on Larry King Now, which is hosted on Ora TV. Professor Hawking said: "Six years ago, I was warning about pollution and overcrowding, they have gotten worse since then. The population has grown by half a billion since our last interview, with no end in sight. "At this rate, it will be eleven billion by 2100.

The world is quietly being reshaped by machine learning. We no longer need to teach computers how to perform complex tasks like image recognition or text translation: instead, we build systems that let them learn how to do it themselves. "It's not magic," says Greg Corrado, a senior research scientist at Google. The most powerful form of machine learning being used today, called "deep learning", builds a complex mathematical structure called a neural network based on vast quantities of data. Designed to be analogous to how a human brain works, neural networks themselves were first described in the 1930s.

British physicist Stephen Hawking says the potential threat from artificial intelligence isn't just a far-off "Terminator"-style nightmare. He's already pointing to signs that AI is going down the wrong track. "Governments seem to be engaged in an AI arms race, designing planes and weapons with intelligent technologies," Hawking told veteran interviewer Larry King. "The funding for projects directly beneficial to the human race, such as improved medical screening, seems a somewhat lower priority." It's not surprising that Hawking is worried about AI – he's been issuing warning for years.

Keep calm and carry on; artificial intelligence will not take all our jobs and achieve world domination, according to a report released by Forrester. Prominent figures including Elon Musk, co-chairman of OpenAI, and Professor Stephen Hawking have publicly warned people about how the advent of AI will cause an existential threat to humankind. The frenzy around AI has led to groups rallying for future safety measures. Google's DeepMind has even collaborated with Oxford University's Future of Humanity Institute to develop [PDF] an AI "panic button." Forrester, a technological research and advisory firm, believes the panic is exaggerated, however, and said: "Don't believe the hype – Google AlphaGo's gaming successes and IBM Watson will not usher in a dystopian triumph of machines over humans."

Challenger banks have turned their attention to artificial intelligence (AI) as they seek to provide a more personalised approach to banking. German digital bank Number26 has launched Pulse26, a new app that uses AI to provide updates based on the customer's personal banking history. Number26 says the more a customer uses their account, the "more accurate" the analysis becomes. It adds that Pulse26 will also provide "periodic, fun insights". The firm says: "In the first weeks after launching this feature we will start with your favourite spot – the restaurant that you visited most and where you used your Number26 card."

In 1942, Russian science fiction writer Isaac Asimov drew up his'Three Laws of Robotics': 1) A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm; 2) A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law; 3) A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. For 75 years, these clauses have inspired research and thinking on robot rights. They were even taken up in the first'Ethics Charter for Robots' drawn up by South Korea in 2007. However, today Asimov's laws seem rather simplistic and obsolete as they are centred on humans rather than robots. Nowadays ethics and the rights of machines are starting to go further.

As we've mentioned, corporate giants in tech are competing to acquire private artificial intelligence startups, with Google emerging as the most active acquirer over the last 5 years. So far in 2016, there have already been over 20 acquisitions of AI startups, the most recent being Twitter's acquisition of visual-processing startup Magic Pony Technology. We analyzed M&A and IPO activity in this space from 2011. Our artificial intelligence category includes companies developing core AI algorithms as well as those applying AI solutions to specific industries like healthcare and cybersecurity. We used our database to analyze at what stage the AI companies exited.