Our learning task: Given a training set S {(x1 , y1), (x2 , y2), . . . The simplest case: y { 1, 1} called binary classification problem If y is a real number it becomes a regression problem More general case, y can be a vector and each element is drawn from a finite set.

As a Venture Capital firm for Artificial Intelligence we follow the growing AI market closely. For the German AI Landscape Map, we created a list of over 600 European AI startups based on internal research mainly deriving from our network and Crunchbase. Not every company that lists AI as a part of their product has AI in it. We have therefore taken the freedom to clean the raw data. We've ended up with 81 German Artificial Intelligence startups, which made it onto our map.

Your medical records contain hidden insights about your health risks, and if they can be found, the information could save your life. An Israeli big-data analytics startup is doing just that, using machine learning and artificial intelligence to help providers plan more individualized care for each patient. One of four Israeli companies named in the 2016 Digital Health Global 100, Medial EarlySign's software analyzes hundreds of parameters, trends and interrelationships in existing electronic medical record data such as blood test results. It automatically alerts a designated healthcare provider to high-risk findings. The company's first commercial product, ColonFlag, identifies and flags individuals with an increased probability of colorectal cancer -- sometimes many months before clinical signs appear, potentially improving care and saving lives.

Banks around the world are being confronted with a record number of regulations, and those falling short of institutional obligations are paying a high price for their errors. In response, major financial institutions are grasping big data solutions in a bid to comply with often dense regulations and reduce regulatory breaches. "Considering many banks have grown organically, often via merger and acquisition, their data is not always consistent and well organised," according to James Arnett, a partner at business and technology consulting firm Capco. Mr Arnett believes that new tools can be created through the application of data analytics, which will transform banks compliance programmes from manual, non-scalable projects into lower-cost and automated processes. "There is a real opportunity for banking clients to embrace data analytics to answer the underlying theme of regulation strategically rather than to treat each regulation as a'tick-the-box' exercise," he says.

For developers of artificial intelligence, the goal does not get much more grandiose than successfully creating a machine capable of feeling "real emotion". And according to Moscow-based Professor Alexei Samsonovich, Russia is on the verge of doing just that. Samsonovich recently announced that he expects a breakthrough in the next several years which will see the rise of "free thinking" machines capable of understanding human emotions, as well as feeling their own emotions. The human brain is devastatingly complex and machines are currently not capable of expressing what we would consider to be "human emotion". The announcement hints at robots ultimately being able to understand narratives of thinking, as well as being developed enough to foster their own narratives.

If you could measure all the information you consume online, what would you learn about yourself? Created by developers Hang Do Thi Duc and Regina Flores Mir, the application gives users a peek into what kind of digital footprint they might be leaving behind as they browse Facebook--and makes the hidden mechanisms of Facebook's data collection more transparent. How It Works Data Selfie collects data about what you click on (through likes and links), what you type, and what you look at, and for how long. Based on this information, the app compiles a personality profile using personality insights from the supercomputer IBM Watson and the machine learning algorithm Apply Magic Sauce and presents this "data selfie" for you to peruse. In the name of transparency and privacy, all of Data Selfie's code is on Github, and all of the data it tracks is stored on your personal computer.

A fruit sorting robot built by a British consulting firm may not sound like a riveting leap forward. In fact, it's one of the clearest indications yet that industrial automation is on the verge of a big change and that we may be entering a new industrial revolution. Later this month, Cambridge Consultants will demonstrate its fruit sorting robot at the AgriTechnica show in Germany. During the demonstration, fruit will be stacked randomly in a bowl. The robot will use machine vision and smart software to identify the piece on top.

AI might be a hot topic but you'll still need to justify those projects. When I was eight, I got lost in the woods on a camping trip with my mom. Rangers eventually found me and hiked me out, which is actually kind of miraculous. I was a couple miles from where they assumed I'd be, trudging haplessly through a remote backwoods area on unmarked terrain. Every year hundreds of thousand people get lost in the wild worldwide.

A scanning robot from 4D Retail Technology can scan an entire grocery store in about an hour. AI might be a hot topic but you'll still need to justify those projects. The reason you're hearing more about robots these days has a lot to do with non-robotic technologies. After all, for the last fifty years mechanical engineers have been able to make some pretty snazzy machines that move on their own. It's only with the rise of complementary sensor and computing technologies that robots are starting to show their true usefulness outside of factories.

In 2009, Abdul Razack, head of big data and analytics at Infosys, was watching the men's singles French Open tennis final when something happened that he said has stuck with him ever since. See how the cloud is disrupting traditional operating models for IT departments and entire organizations. Sweden's Robin Söderling had beaten four-time defending champion Rafael Nadal in the fourth round, and went on to cement his position in the final, where he faced Roger Federer. "Federer was down two sets -- down 0-30 -- and at that point he turned the entire match around," Razack said. "As a fan, that's the story that has stuck in my mind -- for someone to be able to go back and relive that match with the data that was captured in the umpire's chair, it's a powerful thing to do and improves the experience of the consumer, the media, opponents, and it's all around better for the game."