Fair division is the problem of dividing one or several goods amongst two or more agents in a way that satisfies a suitable fairness criterion. That is, fair division may be considered part of the larger research area of multiagent resource allocation (Chevaleyre et al., 2006). What is special about fair division is the explicit focus on fairness concerns. These notes give a succinct introduction to the field, focusing on formal and computational aspects that are particularly relevant to research in Computational Social Choice (Chevaleyre et al., 2007b) and Multiagent Systems (Wooldridge, 2009). We begin by briefly outlining how fair division fits into (and relates to) these two disciplines. Like voting, the archetypical instance of a social choice problem, fair division amounts to selecting an outcome from a set of possible collective agreements, given the individual preferences of a group of agents. There are however two main differences when compared to voting. The first difference is that, typically, voting theory assumes that agents (voters) have ordinal preferences (that is, they rank the available candidates and can say for any two candidates which one they like more), while in the context of fair division we usually assume that agents have cardinal preferences (that is, each agent has got a utility function mapping possible outcomes to appropriate numerical values). The second difference is that a fair division problem comes with a certain internal "structure" that is typically absent from problems in voting:

A paraphrase is a restatement of the meaning of a text in other words. Paraphrases have been studied to enhance the performance of many natural language processing tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel task iParaphrasing to extract visually grounded paraphrases (VGPs), which are different phrasal expressions describing the same visual concept in an image. These extracted VGPs have the potential to improve language and image multimodal tasks such as visual question answering and image captioning. How to model the similarity between VGPs is the key of iParaphrasing. We apply various existing methods as well as propose a novel neural network-based method with image attention, and report the results of the first attempt toward iParaphrasing.

We present KBLRN, a framework for end-to-end learning of knowledge base representations from latent, relational, and numerical features. KBLRN integrates feature types with a novel combination of neural representation learning and probabilistic product of experts models. To the best of our knowledge, KBLRN is the first approach that learns representations of knowledge bases by integrating latent, relational, and numerical features. We show that instances of KBLRN outperform existing methods on a range of knowledge base completion tasks. We contribute a novel data sets enriching commonly used knowledge base completion benchmarks with numerical features. The data sets are available under a permissive BSD-3 license. We also investigate the impact numerical features have on the KB completion performance of KBLRN.

The first batch of flamethrowers sold by Elon Musk's tunnel construction business The Boring Company have been handed out to customers - with some people traveling thousands of miles to pick one up. The Tesla entrepreneur had suggested the idea of selling a flamethrower at the end of 2017, with the project aiming to raise $10m for The Boring Company, which was founded with the intention of building a network of tunnels to help reduce traffic congestion across the US. Mr Musk claimed that the company had sold 20,000 of the $500 in four days in during January this year, with the first flamethrowers handed out at Boring's Hawthorne, California offices over the weekend. The event took place in a car park adjacent to another of Mr Musk's companies - SpaceX - with the tech billionaire announcing on Twitter that the first 1,000 flamethrowers were bring picked up. Mr Musk has called the item "Not-a-flamethrower" to get around any legal issues of shipping items called flamethrowers, but some customers could not wait to get it into their hands.

At the 2017 Web Summit in Lisbon, when Sophia, a humanoid robot powered by artificial intelligence (AI), joked "We will take your jobs," behind the …

Artificial intelligence (AI) stepped out of the research labs and into the limelight at the 17th Cebit exhibition and conference held in Sydney, Australia. Every conference this year contains a dead human genius reincarnated as software system or a robot. Yes, there is a lot of hype, but there is real worth in AI and Machine Learning. Read our counseling on how to avoid adopting "black box" approach. You forgot to provide an Email Address.

Nier: Automata was one of the most surprising games of 2017. The Japanese RPG had a mind-bending story, conceived by Nier and Drakengard director Yoko Taro, and a snappy combat system refined by Bayonetta developer PlatinumGames. It was a huge success for Square Enix, shifting more than 3 million copies and winning countless awards. Now, the game is coming to Xbox One. A special Become As Gods edition will hit the Xbox Store on June 26th, bundling the base game, the 3C3C1D119440927 expansion, and a slew of in-game skins and accessories, including a Grimoire Weiss-themed robot companion.

Finally, we have our first proper look at Cyberpunk 2077. We've known for some time that Witcher 3 developer CD Projekt Red is working on a new role-playing game set in a dystopian future. Beyond a brief teaser trailer, however, the studio has shown and said little about the title. That all changed today, however. A new trailer for Cyberpunk 2077 was shown at the end of Microsoft's E3 press conference, revealing a high-tech world full of flying cars, holographic advertising and robot wrestling.

When Amazon launched in 1995, only 3% of Americans had ever been on the Internet, let alone purchased anything online. Both the concept of the web and e-commerce were startlingly new. Just a year earlier in fact, the New York Times had run a story with the headline: "Attention Shoppers: Internet Is Open", breathlessly reporting the first online transaction, the sale of a Sting CD. Also in 1995, Auction Web went live, which was to become eBay. A broken laser pointer – to a collector of broken laser pointers no less – for $14.83.