The machines haven't taken over. However, they are seeping their way into our lives, affecting how we live, work and entertain ourselves. From voice-powered personal assistants like Siri and Alexa, to more underlying and fundamental technologies such as behavioral algorithms, suggestive searches and autonomously-powered self-driving vehicles boasting powerful predictive capabilities, there are several examples and applications of artificial intellgience in use today. However, the technology is still in its infancy. What many companies are calling A.I. today, aren't necessarily so.

There is a larger number of vehicles in the streets The number of traffic jams is rising Tons of greenhouse gases are emitted to the atmosphere The citizens' quality of life is decreasing Daniel H. Stolfi Bio-inspired Computing and Smart Mobility October 2018 1 / 73 5. Scientific and Technological Bases 6. Scientific and Technological Bases Smart Mobility Problems Smart Mobility Problems – The Challenge Long travel times Polluted cities Fuel economy Finding an available car park spot We are focused on Smart Mobility and Smart Environment Daniel H. Stolfi Bio-inspired Computing and Smart Mobility October 2018 2 / 73 7. Scientific and Technological Bases Metaheuristics Metaheuristics Daniel H. Stolfi Bio-inspired Computing and Smart Mobility October 2018 3 / 73 8. Scientific and Technological Bases Microsimulation Traffic Simulators Can be categorized as: Macroscopic Mesoscopic Microscopic After a deep study we selected SUMO (Simulation of Urban MObility) http://dlr.de/ts/sumo/ Daniel H. Stolfi Bio-inspired Computing and Smart Mobility October 2018 4 / 73 9. Scientific and Technological Bases SUMO: Simulation of Urban MObility SUMO Open Source (German Aerospace Center - DLR) Several car following models Maps can be imported from OpenStreetMap Lots of data can be retrieved after the simulation Externally controlled by TraCI Daniel H. Stolfi Bio-inspired Computing and Smart Mobility October 2018 5 / 73 10. Scientific and Technological Bases SUMO: Simulation of Urban MObility Building Mobility Scenarios with SUMO 1 Download the map from OpenStreetMap 2 Clean the irrelevant elements using JOSM 3 Import the city model using NETCONVERT 4 Define its routes using DUAROUTER We call it the experts' solution (computed by SUMO's DUAROUTER) Daniel H. Stolfi Bio-inspired Computing and Smart Mobility October 2018 6 / 73 11. Scientific and Technological Bases Incomplete Maps and Data Incomplete Maps and Data PROBLEM: How reliable are the simulation scenarios? OUR PROPOSAL: Maps imported from OpenStreetMap Vehicular flows calculated according to data published by local councils Flow Generator Algorithm (FGA)* * Original contribution of this PhD thesis Daniel H. Stolfi Bio-inspired Computing and Smart Mobility October 2018 7 / 73 12. Scientific and Technological Bases Incomplete Maps and Data Flow Generator Algorithm (FGA) Contributions: Flow Generator Algorithm Route Generator Set of mobility scenarios Daniel H. Stolfi Bio-inspired Computing and Smart Mobility October 2018 8 / 73 13.

In the previous two episodes, Bryson cut through the smoke and mirrors around resistance to AI regulation, and broke down the importance of due diligence in the software development process. In this final installment, Bryson revisits the challenge of rooting out AI bias, explains why machines won't take over the world, and reveals the secret to AI success. Hope you enjoy the conversation. Appian: Earlier you said that you don't think a company on a mission to "move fast and break things" will be able to prove they did due diligence, when bad things happen with their software. Bryson: No matter what industry you're in, you should be able to show that you followed very careful methods of software construction--including using machine learning.

Unless you believe the click-bait --i.e. "Google is using Machine Learning to predict a patient's death with 95% accuracy!" In the next five years, however, AI's assimilation into the health system is set to advance. An expert panel at London's recent Connected World Summit discussed the inherent pitfalls and rampant potential of this impending clash of tech and ethics. Despite the ubiquitous digitisation of data (notably our friendships and finances), the most important information out there -- our health -- hasn't made the leap to digitisation.

When Facebook chief executive Mark Zuckerberg promised Congress that AI would help solve the problem of fake news, he revealed little in the way of how. New research brings us one step closer to figuring that out. In an extensive study that will be presented at a conference later this month, researchers from MIT, Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), and Sofia University in Bulgaria tested over 900 possible variables for predicting a media outlet's trustworthiness--probably the largest set ever proposed. The researchers then trained a machine-learning model on different combinations of the variables to see which would produce the most accurate results. The best model accurately labeled news outlets with "low," "medium," or "high" factuality just 65% of the time.

In an earlier article, Can AI inventions be patented in Europe?, we discussed how the EPO is likely to assess patent applications directed towards AI. The EPO has now updated its official guidelines to include a specific section on this topic. A preview of the update can be found here and will come into force on 1st November 2018. The update to the guidelines provides further clarity on how the EPO's existing legal framework will be applied to AI inventions. Generally, the update confirms that the same rules that are applied to all computer-implemented inventions will apply to inventions involving AI.

A captivating keynote launched IP EXPO Europe yesterday for its 13th year today, as renowned astronaut Colonel Chris Hadfield shared his unique experience of space travel and considerations for the next leap for mankind. Hadfield, the former Commander of the International Space Station, spoke in front of a packed crowd about the human element of space travel: the teamwork and collaboration that is required to make an off-world team function. From the future of space to the future of technology, day one of IP EXPO Europe also saw popular sessions from several academics focusing on AI. British mathematician Dr Hannah Fry, explored the power of data and algorithms that can be used for the social good in our world today, examining whether machines are really an improvement on the humans they are said to replace. Dr Greg Benson, professor at the University of San Francisco and chief scientist at Snap Logic, drew on his dual responsibilities as the basis of his speech, to explore the importance of collaboration between industry and academic perspective for AI development.

A graffiti-spraying drone known as a'paintcopter' can can draw complex designs on walls and 3D objects and could help decorators colour hard-to-reach spots and eliminate the need for ladders and scaffolding. Developed by Disney, the autonomous drone is equipped with a spray-paint gun and uses cameras to work out where to draw. Experiments so far show the drone's ability to produce simple line drawings such as a bear and a mountain as well as colouring in whole sections of a wall. The product is still in development but could carry out low-skilled tasks such as filling in sections of a wall, leaving humans to do more intricate work. A graffiti-spraying drone known as a'paintcopter' can can draw complex designs on walls and 3D objects and could eliminate the need for ladders and scaffolding Disney's'paintcopter' is attached to a power cable and a supply of paint. It means the graffiti drone can work for long periods to carry out complex decorating tasks.

Artificial Intelligence in healthcare is undoubtedly having a moment. It is already transforming fields such as medical imaging where AI revolutionises image analysis, expanding its reach and improving overall quality. With the UK Government planning an AI revolution, healthcare AI start-ups stand to benefit, but only if they place Intellectual Property (IP) at the centre of their business strategy. Earlier this year, prime minister Theresa May called for health charities, the NHS and the AI community to work together by pooling data. "The development of smart technologies to analyse great quantities of data quickly and with a higher degree of accuracy than is possible by human beings opens up a whole new field of medical research and gives us a new weapon in our armoury in the fight against disease", she said during her speech.

A touch-sensitive robotic finger that can be attached to smartphones has been developed by a researcher in France.