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Judging a Book by its Description : Analyzing Gender Stereotypes in the Man Bookers Prize Winning Fiction

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

The presence of gender stereotypes in many aspects of society is a well-known phenomenon. In this paper, we focus on studying and quantifying such stereotypes and bias in the Man Bookers Prize winning fiction. We consider 275 books shortlisted for Man Bookers Prize between 1969 and 2017. The gender bias is analyzed by semantic modeling of book descriptions on Goodreads. This reveals the pervasiveness of gender bias and stereotype in the books on different features like occupation, introductions and actions associated to the characters in the book.


Six Ways Artificial Intelligence Is Impacting Patients

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AI is no longer the stuff of science fiction โ€“ it's impacting patients today It's difficult to open a newspaper nowadays without seeing an article about artificial intelligence. But one thing you cannot escape is that AI is here now and it's only going to become more pervasive. While fear of an unknown technology is understandable, in many ways it does a disservice to the incredible impact that AI is already having on the world around us. In the healthcare space alone, it is offering ways to fundamentally rethink clinical practice, speeding up diagnosis, driving patient support programs and aiding drug discovery. In only five years, more than 200 venture capital and private equity deals to fund research into the use of AI in healthcare have been signed.


Artificial Intelligence in Morocco: 'Not Just for Silicon Valley'

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Rabat โ€“ At a July 20 McKinsey & Company conference in Morocco, a presentation on artificial intelligence algorithms highlighted the powerful potential of digitizing sectors of Morocco's economy. The global management consulting firm, which specializes in digital transformation, hosted the conference "Potential of Digital and Artificial Intelligence (AI)" this past Friday. Casablanca Sector General Manager Jalil Bensouda and his associate Yassine Sekkat emphasized in their presentation the possibilities of dynamic digital incorporation in Morocco. "The 20th century Grail was oil. The 21st is the data," Bensouda declared.


Transcript: Transformers โ€“ Artificial Intelligence

#artificialintelligence

My name is Kris Coratti. Thank you for joining us on this very rainy morning. I'm glad you all made it out. We are going to have a fascinating series of discussion this morning on artificial intelligence. This is the latest in our ongoing event series that we call "Transformers." And our speakers this morning are going to explore the regulatory questions around this technology. They going to look at how AI is reshaping the way we live and work. And they're going to discuss how to make sure this technology is used responsibly in the future. Before we begin, I just want to quickly thank our presenting sponsor for this even, Software.org, And so now I'd like to go ahead and welcome to the stage The Washington Post's Tony Romm and Senators Maria Cantwell and Todd Young. And for those who don't know, Senator Cantwell is a Democrat from Washington State. Both are members of a Senate commerce committee which touches on artificial intelligence and many tech issues that we'll talk about today.


AI in Startups

Forbes - Tech

The pace of acceleration in the past several years in AI seems to be starting to climb the exponential part of the "S" curve. From playing Go, to translating one human language into another, to predicting and attempting to compose hit tunes, to diagnosing disease from radiographic images, AI is starting to approach or exceed human abilities. These gains are being reported in specific or narrow AI, as opposed to general AI or Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), which some might deem real AI. Without debating the definition or attainability of real AI, I want to muse on whether emerging AI could augment (or even democratize?) This is important because just narrow AI will disrupt a significant portion of the work force within this generation, and empowering entrepreneurs may be a worthy goal for mitigating this inevitability, as well as a productive strategy for regional and national economic growth.


Solving Africa's healthcare logistics problems with AI

#artificialintelligence

Artifical Intelligence (AI), in the form of IBM Watson, is being used to aid decision making in public health supply chains in developing countries and improve patients' access to life-saving medicines. Photo: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"Today's AI technology offers the solution, allowing us to leverage cognitive capabilities to create a transparent, intelligent and predictive supply chain. We asked ourselves what could be achieved if we could get IBM Watson to place chatbots on the platforms available to health workers in African supply chains, so that people can improve their learning." An AI powered chatbot can deliver personalised learning on mobile devices to enhance the supply chain skills of the health workers that staff most African healthcare supply chains," says Deborah Dull, representing the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. "What if, through the AI, health workers could know where specific products are in the country?


Include artificial intelligence in school curricula, say experts

#artificialintelligence

Technology experts have stressed the need for schools to prepare students for tomorrow's jobs by increasingly teaching them artificial intelligence (AI) skills to an adequate level. Necip Ozyucel, Cloud and Enterprise Business Group Lead, Microsoft Gulf, said the latest World Economic Forum's'Future of Jobs' report, released in January this year showed that two in three children starting school this year are destined for professional roles yet to be created. "There is an urgent need to recognise that many of the jobs referred to by the World Economic Forum, are supported by artificial intelligence," Ozyucel told Khaleej Times in an exclusive interview. A recent survey by McKinsey & Company on specialist education practice - where 2,000 students, 2,000 teachers and 70 thought leaders across the Americas, Europe and Asia including the Gulf region were interviewed - found that students would be better prepared for'future jobs' if they shored up their soft skills, particularly the social and emotional. And only 42 per cent of employers consider today's graduates as having developed those attributes to an adequate level, according to Ozyucel, "When trying to determine the best approaches to bridge these soft-skills gaps, there is evidence in both studies that students and teachers alike favour collaborative learning scenarios. Mentor-led class discussions or group-learning scored consistently high as the most effective methods of learning," said Ozyucel.


Multiparty Privacy in Social Media

Communications of the ACM

The first research stream proposed support for MP by helping users to identify where MPCs can or did occur.2,39 For instance, Wishart et al.39 present a way to specify strong and weak sharing preferences so that these preferences could be inspected to find conflicts. Also, Besmer et al.2 introduce a system whereby users tagged in a photo can contact the user who uploaded the photo to ask to remove it or to restrict the audience of the photo, which resembles the functionality Facebook introduced some time later.7 While these approaches represented a stepping-stone, recognized the problem of MP, and proposed a partial solution to it, they left all the negotiation process to resolve detected conflicts to happen without any particular technical aid. That is, users must resolve every potential MPC in a manual way, which may become an unbearable burden considering the massive amount of content uploaded and the number of friends that users have in social media.


Can Artificial Intelligence Predict Religious Violence?

#artificialintelligence

Imagine you're the president of a European country. You're slated to take in 50,000 refugees from the Middle East this year. Most of them are very religious, while most of your population is very secular. You want to integrate the newcomers seamlessly, minimizing the risk of economic malaise or violence, but you have limited resources. One of your advisers tells you to invest in the refugees' education; another says providing jobs is the key; yet another insists the most important thing is giving the youth opportunities to socialize with local kids.


Universal Basic Income Is Not a Magic Bullet

Slate

On this week's episode of my podcast, I Have to Ask, I spoke to Annie Lowrey, a contributing editor at the Atlantic and the author of the new book Give People Money: How a Universal Basic Income Would End Poverty, Revolutionize Work, and Remake the World. It's about universal basic income--the idea that the government would give all its citizens checks every month. Versions of this proposal have caught on with people on the left as well as tech leaders in Silicon Valley and even some hardcore libertarians. Lowrey has written for many years now about economics, but Give People Money is both a reported work--she travels to Kenya, South Korea, and India to view their economic experiments--and a policy brief on what she believes can help alleviate some of the social and political discontent that has arisen from economic change and dislocation. Below is an edited excerpt from the show. In it, we discuss the benefits and drawbacks of UBI, whether or not we should be skeptical that so many Silicon Valley titans have embraced the idea, and how to make the safety net less vulnerable to political attacks.