Africa
Findings of the Shared Task on Offensive Span Identification from Code-Mixed Tamil-English Comments
Ravikiran, Manikandan, Chakravarthi, Bharathi Raja, Madasamy, Anand Kumar, Sivanesan, Sangeetha, Rajalakshmi, Ratnavel, Thavareesan, Sajeetha, Ponnusamy, Rahul, Mahadevan, Shankar
(Sivanantham and Seran, 2019). It is widely spoken in the southern state of Tamil Nadu in India, Combating offensive content is crucial for different Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Singapore. Tamil is an entities involved in content moderation, which official language of Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka, Singapore, includes social media companies as well as individuals and the Union Territory of Puducherry in (Kumaresan et al., 2021; Chakravarthi and India. Significant minority speak Tamil in the four Muralidaran, 2021). To this end, moderation is other South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, often restrictive with either usage of human content Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana, as well as the moderators, who are expected to read through Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands the content and flag the offensive mentions (Arsht (Sakuntharaj and Mahesan, 2021, 2017, 2016; and Etcovitch, 2018). Alternatively, there are Thavareesan and Mahesan, 2019, 2020a,b, 2021).
How 10 Skin Tones Will Reshape Google's Approach to AI
For years, tech companies have relied on something called the Fitzpatrick scale to classify skin tones for their computer vision algorithms. Originally designed for dermatologists in the 1970s, the system comprises only six skin tones, a possible contributor to AI's well-documented failures in identifying people of color. Now Google is beginning to incorporate a 10-skin tone standard across its products, called the Monk Skin Tone (MST) scale, from Google Search Images to Google Photos and beyond. The development has the potential to reduce bias in data sets used to train AI in everything from health care to content moderation. Google first signaled plans to go beyond the Fitzpatrick scale last year; internally, the project dates back to a summer 2020 effort to make AI "work better for people of color," according to a Twitter thread from Xango Eyeรฉ, a responsible AI product manager at the company.
Google's Immersive View for Maps looks incredible
For years, users of Google Maps have had numerous tools to navigate the planet: Street View, 3D representations, and more. Now Google is adding Immersive View, combining real-world imagery and artificial intelligence to make 3D maps even more lifelike. Google made the announcement at Google I/O, its annual developer conference, held for the first time in three years at the Shoreline Ampitheatre in Mountain View, Calif. "Around the world, we've mapped around 1.6 billion buildings, and over 60 million kilometers of roads today," Pichai said. "Some remote and rural areas have previously been difficult to map due to scarcity of high-quality imagery, and distinct building types and terrain.
The Charlettes: An AI engineer in Ivory Coast and Ghana
Charlette Dรฉsirรฉ N'Guessan comes from an intriguing family, where all the women share the same name: Charlette. It is confusing, and also a little ironic, since she is a software engineer who has invented a facial recognition app. In The Charlettes, by filmmaker Gauz, we see how this particular Charlette has made an impact in the tech world in Ivory Coast and Ghana, winning prizes and plaudits for her artificial intelligence (AI) identity invention. Gbaka-Brede Armand Patrick, known professionally as Gauz, is a multidisciplinary and self-proclaimed iconoclastic artist, based in Ivory Coast.
On Distributed Adaptive Optimization with Gradient Compression
Li, Xiaoyun, Karimi, Belhal, Li, Ping
We study COMP-AMS, a distributed optimization framework based on gradient averaging and adaptive AMSGrad algorithm. Gradient compression with error feedback is applied to reduce the communication cost in the gradient transmission process. Our convergence analysis of COMP-AMS shows that such compressed gradient averaging strategy yields same convergence rate as standard AMSGrad, and also exhibits the linear speedup effect w.r.t. the number of local workers. Compared with recently proposed protocols on distributed adaptive methods, COMP-AMS is simple and convenient. Numerical experiments are conducted to justify the theoretical findings, and demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve same test accuracy as the full-gradient AMSGrad with substantial communication savings. With its simplicity and efficiency, COMP-AMS can serve as a useful distributed training framework for adaptive gradient methods.
Machine Learning to Support Triage of Children at Risk for Epileptic Seizures in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Azriel, Raphael, Hahn, Cecil D., De Cooman, Thomas, Van Huffel, Sabine, Payne, Eric T., McBain, Kristin L., Eytan, Danny, Behar, Joachim A.
Objective: Epileptic seizures are relatively common in critically-ill children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and thus serve as an important target for identification and treatment. Most of these seizures have no discernible clinical manifestation but still have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. Children that are deemed at risk for seizures within the PICU are monitored using continuous-electroencephalogram (cEEG). cEEG monitoring cost is considerable and as the number of available machines is always limited, clinicians need to resort to triaging patients according to perceived risk in order to allocate resources. This research aims to develop a computer aided tool to improve seizures risk assessment in critically-ill children, using an ubiquitously recorded signal in the PICU, namely the electrocardiogram (ECG). Approach: A novel data-driven model was developed at a patient-level approach, based on features extracted from the first hour of ECG recording and the clinical data of the patient. Main results: The most predictive features were the age of the patient, the brain injury as coma etiology and the QRS area. For patients without any prior clinical data, using one hour of ECG recording, the classification performance of the random forest classifier reached an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) score of 0.84. When combining ECG features with the patients clinical history, the AUROC reached 0.87. Significance: Taking a real clinical scenario, we estimated that our clinical decision support triage tool can improve the positive predictive value by more than 59% over the clinical standard.
Pushing Buttons: No matter how hard developers try to avoid it, games are โ and should be โ political
Welcome to Pushing Buttons, the Guardian's gaming newsletter. If you'd like to receive it in your inbox every week, just pop your email in below โ and check your inbox (and spam) for the confirmation email.Sign up for Pushing Buttons, our weekly guide to what's going on in video games. The New York Times's acquisition of viral word game Wordle has not been without its controversies: some players are convinced that the words have become more obscure (remember CAULK? I've felt a vague sense of dissatisfaction with it myself since late February, though I'm not sure how much of that is a natural drop-off from the times of Wordle mania, and how much has anything to do with the game itself. This week, though, there was a genuine controversy when the NYT decided to remove the word "fetus" as a solution to one of last week's puzzles.
KNUST advances research in Artificial Intelligence
The Vice-Chancellor of the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Professor Mrs. Rita Akosua Dickson, has said the University remains committed to advancing research in Artificial Intelligence (AI). This she said is part of efforts to ensure that the country does not get left behind in the application of AI for national socio-economic development. "We at the KNUST are providing the enabling research environment to our cherished scientists to lead in scientific discoveries, harness innovation and foster scientific collaborations," the Vice-Chancellor said. "This is because Ghana and the sub-Saharan Region cannot be left out of the positive outlook that the application of AI is projected to make on global development and national socio-economic transformation. Mrs. Dickson, who was addressing a workshop in Kumasi on Friday, May 6, 2022, on the theme: "The Role of Responsible AI in Promoting the Sustainable Development Agenda in the sub-Region", said the global market contribution of AI as of 2019, according to the Grand View Research, was about US $39.9 billion.